Abstract:Owing to having a hollow tube structure, one-dimensional carbon nanotubes can be filled with various kinds of molecules.The encapsulated materials exhibit peculiar structures and properties because of spatial confinement effect of carbon nanotube walls.Confinement of materials in the nanometer scale spaces induces unique phenomena different from a bulk phase, such as chemical reactions, phase transitions. In this review, we introuduce the factors of chemical reaction inside carbon nanotubes,the reaction type and quasi-high pressure effect. We summarizes the carbon nanotubes can be used as a new type of nano-reactor on synthesis of special or precious materials. Finally, the research and application in this field are also discussed.

Abstract:The glycoside-based trisiloxane surfactant which has gathered the lower surface tension of trisiloxanes and the better biological degradability of carbohydrate-based surfactants was synthesized in term of the theory of the relationship of surfactant structure and property. The surface activity and moisturization properties of the surfactant in cosmetics were studied by determining the surface tension, critical aggregation concentration, aggregation size and moisturization. The results showed that the glycoside-based trisiloxane surfactant reduced the surface tension of water to approximately 20 mN/m. The critical aggregation concentration was a level of 10-4 mol/L. The average hydrodynamic radius of the surfactant aggregate in aqueous solution was about 250 nm. The skin moisture content of 33.36, hydration rate of 31.97%, skin moisture loss of 11.21, moisture loss rate of -11.54% are obtained using cosmetics with the glycoside-based trisiloxane in 2 h when the content of glycoside-based trisiloxane surfactant is 3% in the cosmetics. Excellent moisturizing effect of glycoside-based trisiloxane surfactant can supply hydration and hold water for the skin, allowing skin to be long-lasting moisturized and delicate.

Abstract:In this paper, four type of Diethylene glycol di(α-sodium sulfonate) alkyl carboxylic ester surfactants were synthesized through esterification and sulfonation reaction from the starting materials of fatty acid, diethylene glycol and chlorosulfonic acid. The structures of the products were characterized by IR and elemental analysis. The surface activity and self-assembly behavior of the gemini surfactants aqueous solutions were investigated. The results showed that the cmc of the gemini surfactants is about 1～2 order of magnitude lower than that of the ordinary surfactant SDS. With the increase of the carbon atom number of hydrophobic alkyl chains, the surfactant exhibits much higher surface activity. The results of steady-state fluorescence quenching measurement showed that the aggregation number of the gemini surfactants decreased with the increase of the carbon atom number of hydrophobic alkyl chains.

Abstract:Abstract: The constituents of essential oils which were extracted by hydrodistillation from fresh and dried leaves of Peristrophe baphica ,were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC - MS). Overall, 51 volatile components were identified on the basis of their mass spectra characteristics .Thirty-two compounds were identified in the oil of fresh leaves, comprising 98.81% of the total oil, in which trans-Phytol (43.29%), nerolidolcistrans （7.07%） ，caryophyllene（4.91%），methyl linolenate（3.81%） and phytone （3.74%） were the major constituents. Forty-two compounds, representing 96.23% of the total oil, were identified in dried leaves oil. Trans-phytol (33.5%) ,nerolidolcistrans (7.75%) , 1-octen-3-ol (7.20%)，caryophyllene(5.14%) ,phytone（4.74%）and camphor (4.07%) were the major compounds. The chemical compounds of the essential oils showed that there are only 23 common compounds between two parts. The relative contents of other chemical constituents were different.

Abstract:Applied solid superacid SO42-/SnO2 to catalyze α-pinene Isomerization, which was prepared by the azeotropic dechlorination method. The optimum conditions for these catalyst preparation were that impregnated with 1.5 mol/L H2SO4, calcinated at 550 ℃ for 3.0 h; The optimal reaction condition for reacted at 110 ℃ for 3.0 h, the mass fraction of catalyst was 5%(relative to the weight of α-pinene in turpentine); Under these conditions, the conversion of α-pinene was 100%, and the selectivity of camphene was 64.85%. These catalyst were characterized by FT-IR, XRD, TG-DTA, SEM and BET. Results showed that catalytic activity of SO42-/SnO2 which was prepared by the azeotropic dechlorination method higher than Sol-gel and precipitation method in the same preparation conditions, prepared by the azeotropic dechlorination method’s SO42-/SnO2 had more super acid, smaller, uniform particles and less reunion than Sol-gel and precipitation method’s SO42-/SnO2.

Abstract:Three kinds of ionic liquids of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium zinc chloride were synthesized by 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride and zinc chloride using microwave-assisted ion-exchange method. The influence of solvents on the synthesis of ionic liquid was also investigated. The glycolysis of poly(ethylene terephthalate) was also studied using the synthesized ionic liquids as catalysts and glycol as solvent by microwave-assisted method. The influence of the dosage of ionic liquid, reacting temperature, reacting time and dosage of solvent on the glycolysis of PET was studied according to the yield of recovered terephthalic acid. The results show that the corresponding ionic liquids could all be synthesized in 30 mins by microwave-assisted ion-exchange method. The yields of the three kind of ionic liquids are all more than 90% using dioxane as solvent. [Bmim][Zn2Cl5] exhibits higher catalytic activity for the glycolysis of PET by microwave-assisted method. The recovery yield of terephthalic acid is more than 20% by using [Bmim][Zn2Cl5] as the catalyst.

Abstract:Loaded MnO2/γ-Al2O3 catalysts were prepared through the ultrasonic impregnation method with γ-Al2O3 as a carrier. Combined with the analysis of X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and CO2 temperature-programmed desorption, their catalytic activities in the alcoholysis of urea and 1,2-propylene glycol to propylene carbonate were investigated. The results showed that MnO2, which was prepared through the calcination of Mn(NO3)2 as the raw material, exhibited the highest activity due to the existence of the strongest alkaline centers on its surface. Comparison with the traditional impregnation method, Mn on the surface of MnO2/γ-Al2O3, which was prepared through the ultrasonic impregnation method with the 30% loading amount of Mn (mass percentage content), was tetravalent and highly dispersive, and the alkalinity of the basic center was the best. When it catalyzed the alcoholysis of urea, the yield of propylene carbonate was up to 65.0%.

Abstract:CuO/Bi2O3 particle catalyst was prepared by homogeneous precipitation in the hydrothermal system. Effects of hydrolysis pH on the crystalline precipitate were studied and optimal calcination temperature was obtained with TG analysis results. The structure, morphology and specific surface area of the particles were characterized with XRD, SEM and BET techniques, and the results showed that perfect crystal , larger surface area and a average size of 0.1-0.5 μm powder particles could be obtained when calcination temperature was 400 oC. It was proved that the compound oxide catalyst CuO/Bi2O3 had a good catalytic effect on the ethynylation reaction. Factors such as contents of Bi, reaction temperature, partial pressure of acetylene, and pH of solution on the catalytic activity were studied, and a 21.10% yield of 3-Hexyne-2,5-diol was got under the optimized reaction conditions: Bi content 12%; Temperature 120 oC; pH≈6-7; The acetylene partial pressure 1.0 MPa.

Abstract:The complex of N′-methyl-N-piperazinly-carbodithioato-S,S′-antimony(III) was synthesized with the raw materials of carbon bisulfide, N-methyl-piperazinly and antimonous oxide in chloroform. The composition and structure of the complex was characterized by chemical and elemental analysis, Fourier transformed infrared spectra (FTIR), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) and thermal analysis. The results show that the composition of the complex is [Sb(S2CNC4H8NCH3)3]?H2O, the ligand is coordinated simultaneity with Sb(III) via the sulphur atoms of dithiocarbamate to form bidentate chelates. The effects of reaction temperature, reaction time and different solvent on the yield were discussed respectively. The results showed that the yield of the complex was maximal when chloroform was used as the solvent at 25 ℃ for 1 hour, the mixed solvent of chloroform-methanol was chose in recrystallization, and the yield was 74%.

Abstract:In this paper, a convenient procedure was discovered and optimized to synthesize 7-methoxy-4'-substituted flavones from 2-hydroxy-4-methoxyacetophenone and 4-substitutedbenzoyl chlorides. The four flavones were obtained via these reactions of esterification, rearrangement and cyclization. The esterification was carried out for 0.5 ~ 4 h at room temperature, with the mole ratio of 1:1~1:1.3 [n (2-hydroxy-4-methoxyacetophenone): n (4-substitutedbenzoyl chlorides)]; the rearrangement was performed for 2 ~ 6 h at 30 ~ 60℃; the cyclization was attained for 2 ~ 5 h at 80 ~ 100℃, with the catalyst of acetic acid / sulfuric acid (V/V = 15:1 ~ 20:1). Under the optimum reaction conditions, the target products were obtained in overall yields of 50% ~ 75% and purity of more than 95%. The structures of the compounds were confirmed by 1H NMR, IR and MS.

Abstract:π-Oxocamphor in total yield of 35% was synthesized by esterification, hydrolysis and oxidation from (+)-π-bromocamphor which was prepared from (+)-camphor by twice bromination and reduction reaction. The optimum reaction conditions was determined: (1) Bromination: n((+)-camphor):n(bromine) = 1:1.4, glacial acetic acid as solvent, reaction time was 6 h at 80℃, the yield of (+)-α–bromi nation camphor was 88.5%; n((+)-α-bromination camphor):n(bromine) = 1:1.1, chlorosulfonic acid as adjuvant, reaction time was 2h at room temperature, the yield of (+)-α,π-dibromination camphor was 80.1%. (2) Reduction: n((+)-α,π- dibromination camphor):n(zinc) = 1:3, glacial acetic acid as solvent, ice bath response with 3 h, the yield of (+)-π-bromination camphor was 66.3%. (3) Esterification –hydrolysis: n((+)-π-bromination camphor):n(potassium acetate)= 1:1.5, glacial acetic acid as solvent, esterification reaction time was 30 h at 190 ℃. Then removed the solvent, and reacted at the reflux temperature in the hydrolysate（V(CH3COOH) : V(w = 55% potassium hydroxide) = 1:9）about 2.5h to give the (+)-π-hydroxyl camphor in about 78.1% yield. (4) Oxidation: choose chlorine pyridine chromium acid salt (PCC) as oxygenant, n(PCC):n((+)-π-oxycamphor)=2:1,CH2Cl2 as solvent, with nitrogen protection reacted 2h under room temperature, the yield of π-oxidation camphor was 95.5%. The structure of the intermediates and target products was confirmed by IR, GC-MS and 1H NMR.

Abstract:With a view to guide-antioxidant activity for oil, two compounds were isolated from Vitex negundo L. seeds by polyamide and silica gel chromatographic methods, and identified to be isofraxidin(I) and 6 - hydroxy - 4 - (4 - hydroxy - 3 - methoxyphenyl) - 3 - hydroxymethyl - 7 - methoxy - 3, 4 - dihydro - 2 - naphthaldehyde(II) respectively by spectroscopic method. The antioxidant effect of both w(I)=0.04% and w(II)=0.06% was better than that of w(BHT)=0.02% in lard, and the effect increased with increasing concentration.

Abstract:The free radical graft copolymerization of degraded starch and 3,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid was carried out with the horseradish peroxidase/H202 as the catalyst. A graft copolymer of starch and phenolic was prepared. The effect of temperature and pH on the enzymatic activity was discussed. And also it was investigated the graft conditions on the graft copolymerization. The structure and properties of the copolymer were characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (HNMR) and gel permeation chromatography (GPC). The copolymer was used as tanning agent; applied results showed that it has excellent tanning properties.

Abstract:Polyether maleic acid monoester (PM) was prepared by the esterification from polyethylene glycol(PEG-200) and maleic anhydride(MA). PM was used as an allyl branching monomer to copolymerize with acrylic acid(AA) and the initiator ammonium persulfate to prepare the non-linear copolymer(PMAA) by the free radical water-solution polymerization. The structure of PM and PMAA was characterized by FT-IR, 1HNMR and 13C-NMR. Preparation of the non-linear copolymers(PMAA) additives as high exhaustion chrome-tanning auxiliary was applied to chrome-tanning process. The results indicated that the high exhaustion chrome-tanning assistant was best applying in pickling, with its weight percent 1.5%, the absorptivity of chrome was 96.57%, ensured leather surface fine and made Ts, physical mechanical performance significant increase.

Abstract:Under high speed emulsion, nano-cologne essence capsules were prepared by complex coacervation method using chitosan and sodium alginate as wall materials. The effects of coagulant aid type, cross-linking agent type and cross-linking temperature on the shape, size and distribution of capsules were studied, characterized by TEM and particle size analyzer. The result showed that nano-cologne essence capsules were obtained by using TPP and CaCl2 as coagulant aid, glutaraldehyde as cross-linking agent and cross-linked under 35℃. The nano-cologne essence capsules were regular spherical, had uniform particle size distribution with average particle wet size 160nm and dry size 80nm. TG analysis showed that the initial decomposition temperature of nano-cologne essence capsules were above 200℃, had a good thermal stability. UV-Vis test showed the loading rate and loading efficiency of nano-cologne essence capsules were 34.3% and 87.2%, respectively.

Abstract:With fumaric acid, vinyl acetate and mixed higher alcohols as raw material , using first polymerization and then esterification, a new lubrication oil pour point depressant,the polymer of fumaric acid mixed higher alcohols ester- vinyl acetate (PPFVA).Through the single factor and orthogonal experiments,the suitable polymerization conditions for preparing PPFVA were obtained: n(fumaric acid):n(vinyl acetate)=1:0.75, w(BPO)=1.5%,polymerization time =3.5h , polymerization temperature =70℃,w(toluene)=55%；The suitable conditions for esterification ，n(fumaric acid- vinyl acetate polymer): n(mixed higher alcohols)=1:2, w(p-toluenesulfonic acid)=1.5%, w(toluene)=50%.The infrared analysis shows that the molecular functional group of the preparation products matches with the designing target products.SP of the lubrication oil was most lowered by 17℃ when the dosage of the pour point depressant was 1.16%(w) in the lubrication oil.

Abstract:In this paper, a new type alkoxy silane plasticizer is synthesized with organosilicon high-boiling component and octanol. The effect of reaction temperature, reaction time and molar ratio on the synthesis were studied，and the proper technological conditions were obtained. The optimum reaction conditions were: mole ratio of chlorosilane to octanol is 1:6,reaction time is 21h at 110℃. Under the optimum conditions, the content of organic chlorides can be as low as 3.02%. Experimental results indicated that when the content is 10%, this plasticizer could improve the performance of the silicone sealant greatly. In addition, the application of this plasticizer could solve the oil leaking pollution problem to the building. Keywords: building silicone sealant; plasticizer; oil leaking pollution.

Abstract:Abstract: In this paper, the cyclopentanone, cyclohexanone and morpholine were used as the starting materials and sulfonylurea gel resin732 as catalysts to synthesize enamine. Then tertiary butanol was selected as organic solvent. Micheal addition was operated between enamines and methyl acrylate to synthesize Cyclopentanone-2-(- β)methyl propionate and Cyclohexanone-2-(-β)methyl propionate. And then the carbonyl were reduced, dehydrated by palladium carbon and sulfuric acid to the 3-Cyclopentylpropionic acid and 3-Abstract: In this paper, the cyclopentanone, cyclohexanone and morpholine were used as the starting materials and sulfonylurea gel resin732 as catalysts to synthesize enamine. Then tertiary butanol was selected as organic solvent. Micheal addition was operated between enamines and methyl acrylate to synthesize Cyclopentanone-2-(- β)methyl propionate and Cyclohexanone-2-(-β)methyl propionate. And then the carbonyl were reduced, dehydrated by palladium carbon and sulfuric acid to the 3-Cyclopentylpropionic acid and 3-Cyclohexylpropionic acid. During the course, the effect of the catalysts and solvent were investigated. The results showed that the synthetic process of enamine with morpholine as raw material and sulfonylurea gel resin as catalysts is facility, and the yield of the product can up to 98%. In the following reaction in which t-butyl alcohol was applied as solvent, the yield can reach to 95%, and moreover, the solvent can be recycled. In the final reduction reactions with palladium carbon and sulfuric acid as the reducing agent, the yield of 3-Cycloalkylpropionic acid can reach to 85%.

Abstract:Abstract: The mixtures of cis/trans-4-(5′-propyl-tetrahydropyran-2′-yl)-cyclohexanecarboxylic acid(3PyHA) were synthesized with trans-4-(5′-propyl-tetrahydropyran-2′-yl)-benzoic acid (3PyPA) by catalytic hydrogenation. The results of hydrogenation condition experiments showed the reaction effect was best with Ru/C as catalyst, NaOH solution as reaction medium, when the reaction temperature was 75～85 ℃ and hydrogenation pressure was 3.5 MPa. More than 99.5% purity of trans-4-(5′-propyl-tetrahydropyran-2′-yl)-cyclohexanecarboxylic acid(3PyHA) can be obtained with isomerization reaction of high temperature and recrystallization with toluene and ethanol.

Abstract:Glycolide has been synthesized by depolycondensation of the low molecular weight polyglycolic acid (PGA), and the oligomers was prepared by polycondensation of glycolic acid(GA), which is the by-product of the coal chemical industry. It was found that heating rate has a great influence on the yield of glycolide. The effects of reaction conditions on the yield of glycolide have been investigated and the optimized conditions are as follows: the polymerization temperature is 180 ℃, Sb2O3 was discovered to be the best catalyst and the centration is 0.75wt%, the depolymerization temperature is 290 ℃ and rising to it at a rate of 15 ℃/min. Under the optimized conditions, the yield of crude product of glycolide reaches up to 87.5wt%, the purity is higher than 99.9% after recrystallization and the yield is 78.0%. The glycolide with high purity was identified by infrared spectroscopy, hydrogenspectrum of nuclear magnetic resonance.

Abstract:In this paper, Pd/C catalyst was used for hydrotreating chloride solution of acetic acid. According to the experiments, the optimal catalytic hydrogenation reaction conditions were determined: the reaction temperature was 170℃, the residence time was 216 minutes, the pressure was 0.27MPa (gauge pressure), the hydrogen flow was 105mL/min and the nitrogen flow was 7mL/min. Under these conditions, dichloroacetic acid content can be reduced to less than 0.2 percent by weight. Compared with the traditional treatment process of chloride solution, catalytic hydrogenation process was the green technology and it also reduced pollution caused by post-processing mother liquid of MCA. Consequently, the hydrogenation treatment of acetic acid chloride solution was more superior to the traditional process.

Abstract:Ethyl 7-chloro-6-fluoro-1,4-dihydro-4-oxoquinoline-3-carboxylate was synthesized by the Gould-Jacobs reaction using aluminium metal as the catalyst under microwave-assisted. The optimum reaction conditions were obtained by experiment program as follows: the reaction temperature was 80 ℃, and the reaction time was 20 min, with Al being used catalyst. The overall product yield was 94.2 %. The structure of product was determined by melting point measurements and NMR spectrometry that were applied to verify the target product.

Abstract:The ylide (5-carboxypentyl)triphenyphosphonium bromide, which was widely used in the synthesie of stereo selectivity drug. 6-Bromohexanoic was synthesized withε-caprolaetone and hydrobromic acid over sulfuric acid, was synthesized via condensation with triphenylphosphine to produce (5-carboxypentyl)triphenyphosphonium bromide. The effect of reaction conditions on the properties of (5-carboxypentyl)triphenyphosphonium was investigated by method of experiments. The results show that the yield of (5-carboxypentyl)triphenyphosphonium could reach 82.2% and its content was 98.3% calculated by acetylacetone under the following reaction conditions: the molar ratio of ε-caprolaetone to triphenylphosphine and hydrobromic acid was 1.0∶0.95∶1.4, at reflux temperature, and the reaction time was 14 hours.

Abstract:Chloroethylene carbonate (CEC) was prepared by chlorination of ethylene carbonate (EC) with sulfuryl chloride and azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) as an initiator. CEC reacted with Potassium fluoride (KF) as a fluorinating agent in a solution to give Fluoroethylene Carbonate (FEC). The optimum technological conditions for preparing CEC were as follows: the reaction taken place at 65℃; sulfuryl chloride was added into the reaction solution in drops in 72min and reacted for 1.5h, the molar ratio of ethylene carbonate(EC) and sulfuryl chloride was 1:1.3, the amount of substance ratio of AIBN and EC was n（AIBN）：n（EC）=1:200. The yield could be reached to 85.81% under such reaction conditions. The optimum technological conditions for preparing FEC were as follows: acetonitrile was chosen as the solvent, the reaction temperature was 75℃, the reaction time was 1.5 to 2h, the molar ratio of CEC and KF was1:1.3. Under these reaction conditions, the yield can be reached to 71.86%. The product was characterized by IR and GC-MS.