Abstract:We dissolved the sensitizer Palladium (II) tetraphenylporphyrin (PdTPP) and emitter 9, 10-Diphenylanthracene (DPA) in toluene and prepared O/W microemulsion with water and Tween 20. Moreover, the O/W microemulsion were embedded into Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) resin to fabricate solid-state Triplet-triplet annihilation up-conversion (TTA-UC) materials. Under the simulation of a semiconductor laser (532 nm, 70 mW cm-2), PDMS TTA-UC materials revealed strong blue emission. The efficiency of solid-state TTA-UC can be 22% in the maximum. In the application measurement, three-electrode system obtained photoelectric current of 0.9 μA irradiated by UC emission from PDMS TTA-UC, which demonstrated that the photoelectric current was derived from the UC emission irradiation and ZnCdS membrane. In another case, remarkable degradation phenomenon of rhodamine B was observed under the condition of irradiation of UC emission from PDMS TTA-UC materials and existence of Pt/WO3. The maximum of the photo-catalysis efficiency can be 82.3%.

Abstract:A PVA/P(AA-AM)/Urea composite superabsorbent resin with urea sustained-release function has been synthesized via aqueous solution polymerization using polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), acrylic acid (AA), acrylamide (AA) and urea as the raw materials, potassium persulfate (KPS) as initiator, and N, N’-methylene diacrylamide (MBA) as crosslinking agent. The resultant resin was characterized by FTIR, TG, DSC and SEM. Its properties such as water absorption ratio, water absorption rate and urea release have been measured. The effects of PVA dosage, AM dosage, urea dosage, KPS dosage, MBA dosage and AA neutralization degree on the water absorption ratio of the resin were studied through the single-factor experimental design. The results showed that when AA quality was 10.0g, and AA quality was taken as the benchmark, 10%AM, 15%PVA, 0.4%KPS, 0.05%MBA were added, urea quality was 10.0g, and AA neu-tralization degree was 70%, the synthetic water absorption resin water absorption rate reached 505g/g, saltwater absorption rate reached 88g/g; And the initial water absorption rate of the synthetic super ab-sorbent resin could reach 86.58g•min/g. Under the conditions of humidity of 10% and temperature of 25℃ and 40℃, water release ratio of the resin were 40.9% and 68.0% respectively. Urea in the resin could be sustainably released for 13d in distilled water, and the weak acidity and neutral environment are con-ducive to the sustained release of urea.

Abstract:Phase change microcapsules of capric acid coated with urea-formaldehyde resin were prepared by in-situ polymerization using urea, formaldehyde and capric acid as raw materials. Orthogonal experiments were designed with core-wall mass ratio, emulsifier dosage, emulsifying speed and curing agent content. The morphology, chemical structure and thermal storage properties of capric acid microcapsules were characterized by ESEM, FTIR and DSC. The anti-seepage properties of capric acid microcapsules were tested by leak rate test. The results showed that the compound emulsifier m(OP-10): m(Span-80)=4:1 was beneficial to improve the particle characteristics of capric acid microcapsules. capric acid microcapsules P (core wall mass ratio 3:2, emulsifier dosage accounted for 5% of core material quality, emulsifying speed 1400 r/min, curing agent dosage accounted for 12% of urine quality) were well dispersed and uniform in micro-morphology, latent heat of phase transformation was 123.91 J/g, the leakage rate and coating rate were 6.95% and 69.70%, respectively. Compared with capric acid microcapsules S (core wall mass ratio 3:2, emulsifier dosage accounted for 5% of core material quality, emulsifying speed 1400 r/min, curing agent dosage accounted for 12% of urine quality), the leakage rate of capric acid microcapsule P decreased by 133.8%, while the coating rate increased by 132.3%. Capric acid microcapsule P has good thermal properties.

Abstract:Ultra-low molecular weight polyethylene oxide (PEO) with viscosity-average molecular weight of less than 2.0×105 was obtained by molecular chain shearing under ultraviolet light with initial molecular weight of 1.5×106. The effects of ultraviolet wavelength, power, source distance, environmental tem-perature and humidity on the ultraviolet shear rate of PEO were studied. The structure and properties of PEO with different low molecular weight were characterized. The results show that ultra-low molecular weight PEO with viscous average molecular weight of 1.5×105、8×104、5×104 and 4×104 can be obtained in the test facility with the optimum reaction conditions with a UV wavelength of 185 nm, a power of 75 W, a light source distance of 5 cm, an ambient temperature of 35 C and a relative humidity of 20%. With the prolongation of shearing time, the molecular weight distribution coefficient of PEO decreases. The structure of PEO did not change significantly during ultraviolet shearing, only small amount of formate was formed. The melting point of PEO decreases and the crystallinity increases with the decrease of molecular weight.

Abstract:In order to improve the load capacity of the substrate in form-stable phase change materials (PCM), superporous hydrogels (SPH) were prepared by optimizing the process parameters by using a foam polymerization method using acrylic acid and acrylamide as monomers; and SPH was used as substrate, water was used as PCM and carbon nanomaterials〔graphene oxide (GO) and carbon nanotubes (CNTs)〕were used as additive to prepared two kinds of superporous hydrogel/carbon nano form-stable PCMs (GO-H2O/SPH and CNTs-H2O/SPH). The properties of SPH and form-stable PCMs were characterized. The results showed that the internal pore size of SPH prepared by the optimized process was 100~500μm, and the mass fraction to load PCM of it was up to 95.7%. The phase change enthalpy decreased from 352.3J/g of pure PCM to 337.1J/g of CNTs-H2O/SPH, which decreased by only 4.3%. However, the addition of SPH reduced the thermal conductivity of PCM by 42.1%. Adding GO and CNTs could increase the thermal conductivity and the rate of charging and discharging of form-stable PCMs. When the mass fraction of GO and CNTs was 0.2%, compared to the form-stable PCM without carbon nanomaterials, the thermal conductivity of form-stable PCMs was increased by 91.5% and 86.0% respectively. The form-stable PCMs also had good thermal cycle stability and could be recycled.

Abstract:A borosilicate glass powder is used as a raw material, carbon black is used as a foaming agent, and ferric oxide is used as an additive to prepare a foam glass substrate. Conductive polyaniline/foam glass compo-sites were prepared by in-situ polymerization and emulsion polymerization using aniline (An) as mono-mer and ammonium persulfate (APS) as initiator. The morphology and structure of foam glass and com-posites were characterized by FTIR, XRD and SEM. The electromagnetic parameters of the materials were measured by vector grid analyzer, and the reflection loss of the materials was simulated. The results show that when the carbon black content is 0.03wt% and the molar ratio of carbon black to ferric oxide is 3:2, the prepared foam glass has a pore size of 1 mm to 1.2 mm and a compressive strength of 1.7 MPa to 2.45 MPa. The results of electromagnetic parameter test and reflection loss show that the composite has the best absorbing property when the concentration of polyaniline is 0.1mol/l. The minimum reflection loss of the composite obtained by in-situ polymerization was -12.56 dB, and the effective bandwidth was 2 GHz (8.2 GHz - 10.2 GHz). The minimum reflection loss of emulsion polymerization is -13.38dB, and the effective bandwidth is 2.2GHz (8.2GHz-10.4GHz).

Abstract:A phosphorus-containing flame retardant monomer, bis(bisphenol A) monophenyl phosphonate (BPAMPP), was synthesized from bisphenol A (BPA) and benzene phosphorous oxydichloride (BPOD) and used as chain extender. A series of flame retardant waterborne polyurethanes (WPUP) with different mass fractions of BPAMPP were prepared by chain reaction of polyoxypropylene glycol (PPG) and isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI). The product BPAMPP was characterized by NMR and FTIR. The emulsion properties, mechanical properties, thermal properties and flame retardancy of WPUP were studied by particle size analysis, tensile test, TGA, limiting oxygen index test and cone calorimeter. The results showed that BPAMPP was successfully synthesized, and its char residue was 14.2% at 800℃. The WPUP emulsions had good particle size distribution and storage stability. When the mass fraction of BPAMPP was 8%, the prepared waterborne polyurethane film exhibited the best comprehensive performance. The tensile strength was 36.8 MPa, 5% weight loss temperature was 288.3℃, the limiting oxygen index (LOI), peak heat release rate (PHRR) and total heat of release (THR) were 26.8%, 631 kW/m2 and 76 MJ/m2, respectively.

Abstract:In order to realize the efficient and comprehensive utilization of coal gangue solid waste, the coal gangue leaching residue - sodium sulfate dry method was chosen to prepare sodium silicate solution with the acid leaching residue as raw materials，which was generated after valuable elements extraction from coal gangue. A high value-added silica product was prepared by a carbonization method. Determination of dibutyl phthalate oil absorption value, specific surface area test X-ray diffraction, Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and thermogravimetric analysis - differential scanning calorimetry and other modern characterization methods were used to characterize the properties of silica. The concentration of sodium silicate, reaction temperature, the Na2CO3 mass concentration and CO2 ventilation rate were investigated by single factor test. Based on the single factor test, the orthogonal test design and response surface methodology were used to optimize the preparation process with specific surface area as the main index. The results indicate that the optimum process conditions are as follows: the sodium silicate mass fraction 10%, the reaction temperature 77 °C, and the CO2 ventilation rate 147 mL/min, and Na2CO3 mass concentration 3%, the verification experiment results are basically consistent with the prediction results of the response surface, under this condition, the silica product with specific surface area of 267.33 m2•g-1 and DBP oil absorption value of 2.77 mL•g-1 can be obtained. The product performance analysis shows that the product is an amorphous product composed of amorphous materials. The product has no impurities, high purity and good micro-morphology, which meets the requirements of Class A products in standard HG/T3061-2009.

Abstract:Layered double hydroxide （LDH) is a typical anionic layered material with excellent flame retardancy and thermal stability, low smoke, low toxicity and environmental friendliness. The preparation of composites by combining LDH with polymers can significantly improve the fire resistance of polymers, which has attracted wide attention of researchers. This paper introduces the structural characteristics, organic modification methods of LDH including ion exchange method, calcination-reconstruction method, one-step method and solvent exfoliation method. The methods commonly used in the preparation of polymer/LDH composites are summarized and also briefly describe their advantages and disadvantages. Furthermore, the factors affecting the flame retardancy of polymer/LDH composites are reviewed, including the effects of LDH ply bivalent and trivalent cations, the introduction of polymetallic cations and modifiers. A brief description of the progress of other flame retardant materials in combination with LDH using synergistic flame retardant. Finally, the author analyzes the research status of flame retardant polymer/LDH composites. The viewpoints of industrialization of polymer/LDH composites, improvement of flame retardant efficiency and clear flame retardant mechanism were put forward.

Abstract:Two perylene bisimide derivates, N,N-bi(N,N-dimethylethanamino)-1,6,7,12-tetra(4-tert-butylphenoxy)-perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic diimide (MDI-PBI) and N,N-bi[3-(dimethylamino)-1-propyl]-1,6,7,12-tetra(4-tert-butylphenoxy)-perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic diimide (MPI-PBI) were synthesized from perylene anhydride and tertiary amines with different alkyl chain lengths, and then self assembled in different two-phase solvent systems by rapid solution dispersion. To investigate the influences of molecular structure and assembly environment on the self-assembly of MDI-PBI and MPI-PBI, the morphology, photophysical properties and internal molecular arrangement of aggregates were characterized by SEM, UV-Vis, POM and XRD. The results showed that the solubility (S) of these two molecules in methanol was larger than that in n-hexane, and S(MPI-PBI)

Abstract:Sulfur-containing diol ME-HEA was synthesized from 2-mercaptoethanol (2-ME) and hydroxyethyl acrylate (HEA) by a thiol-ene click reaction. Further, it was used as a chain extender to prepare a series of sulfur-containing waterborne polyurethane (SWPU) emulsions using polyoxypropylene diol (PPG) and isophoronediisocyanate (IPDI) as raw materials. The particle size of the emulsion, the thermal properties, mechanical properties and water resistance of the films were tested by nanometer particle size analyzer, infrared spectrum and electronic tensile machine. The results show that with the increase of ME-HEA content, the heat resistance and mechanical properties of SWPU film obviously improve. When the content of ME-HEA was 4.3%, the particle size of the emulsion was 41.7 nm, the tensile strength and elongation at break of the film were 34.3 MPa and 911.2%, respectively. After the film was treated by thermal oxygen degradation at 120℃, its tensile strength was 90.09% of that before treatment, indicating that the film had a good thermal decomposition resistance.

Abstract:Composite microcapsules of sodium alginate/urea-formaldehyde resin were prepared in two steps. Then sodium alginate(SA) was added to the condensation polymerization of urea-formaldehyde resin(UF) , forming composite shells at the second step. FTIR, TG, SEM and granulometer were used to characterize the structure, composition, morphology and size distribution of microcapsules. The results showed that the agglomeration could be effectively improved and the encapsulation efficiency was increased to more than 60%. In addition, the composite microcapsules have higher release ability than UF microcapsules as the cumulative release was increased from 27.5% to 44.5% within 72 days. Moreover, the drug release behavior of modified microcapsules exhibit some pH and temperature dependence. More than 50% of the avermectin added was released within 27 days in acidic medium at 25℃. The release behavior generally followed the Korsmeyer-Pappas dynamic model.

Abstract:The aqueous styrene-acrylic water dispersion with a core-shell structure was obtained from ethenylbenzene (St), methyl methacrylate (MMA), butyl acrylate (BA), methacrylic acid (MAA) and 2-hydroxypropyl methacrylate (HPMA) by semi-continuous solution and phase inversion emulsion polymerization. The structure, thermal stability, colloidal structureof the acrylate copolymer was characterized by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), transmission electron microscope (TEM), respectively. Moreover, the emulsifying performances and varnish film properties of aqueous styrene-acrylic water dispersion were discussed and the synthetic conditions were also optimized. The results showed that the aqueous styrene-acrylic water dispersion presents excellent stability and outstanding varnish film properties, the FT-IR and TGA of the polymer are consistent with the design structure,when mass ratio of methacrylic acid (MAA) in the core shell is 2:8, the mass fraction of MAA was7.5%, the mass fraction of 2-hydroxypropyl methacrylate (HPMA) was10.0%, St:MMA mass ratio is 3:1, The copolymer emulsion particle could reach 259.65nm, viscosity 381.5mPa?s, the filming hardness was 72.4?, tensile Strength 1.422MPa, elongation at break 59.355%, the filming water resistance time could approach 90h, and the adhesion level was 1.

Abstract:Microwave-assisted temperature-controlled ultrasonic extraction was used to extract total alkaloids from stem of Euchresta tubulosa Dunn. The extraction process was optimized by single factor method and response surface methodology. The scavenging effects of total alkaloids on 1,1-diphenyl-2-trinitrophenylhydrazine (DPPH•), 2,2-diazo-2-3-ethyl-benzothiazole-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS•) and superoxide anion (O2－•) free radicals were investigated. The results showed that the optimum conditions were as follows: extraction time 37.8 min, microwave heating temperature 64.5℃, ultrasonic power 575 W and ethanol volume fraction 95%. Under these conditions, the yield of total alkaloids was 0.5436%, higher than no microwave-assisted ultrasound 0.2436%, ultrasound assisted 0.4538% and ethanol reflux 0.3884%. When the concentration of the extracted total alkaloids was 0.1, 7.0 and 8.0 mmol/L in DPPH•, ABTS• and benzene-1,2,3-triol, respectively, the corresponding half maximal inhibitory mass concentrations (IC50) were 0.891, 0.552 and 0.390 g/L.

Abstract:A TiO2-ZrO2 composite carrier was prepared by sol-gel method. Subsequently, a supported Ni-B/TiO2-ZrO2 catalyst was prepared by metal induced electroless plating. The preparation processes of carrier and catalyst were optimized by single factor experiment. The suitable carrier preparation conditions were as follows: molar ratio of Zr/Ti 0.6, calcination temperature 550℃, and calcination time 4 h. The catalyst preparation conditions were as follows: microwave intervention temperature 50℃, microwave heating time 3 min, n(Ni): n(B)=1:2. The catalyst prepared under these conditions was used for the hydrogenation of rosin, and the conversion rate of abietic resin acids was over 99%. In addition, the catalyst could be reused for 7 times. XRD, XPS, TEM and BET were employed to characterize the structure and properties of the catalyst before and after deactivation. The results showed that Ni-B was supported on the TiO2-ZrO2 carrier in an amorphous state with good dispersion and average particle size of about 25 nm. However, the content of Ni0 and B0 on the deactivated catalyst decreased, and the active components were lost and oxidized, which might be the main cause of catalyst deactivation. Key words: composite nanocarrier; Ni-B; amorphous catalyst; rosin; hydrogenation

Abstract:A genetically engineered bacteria CCMV-BL21 was firstly constructed, using the gene expressing cowpea chlorotic mottle virus (CCMV) capsid protein as the template. The expression process of soluble CCMV CPs was then optimized by orthogonal experiments. After that, Ru nanoparticles was encapsulated in CCMV CPs self-assembled virus-like particles (VLPs) by in-situ reduction. The prepared catalyst Ru@CCMV was evaluated in catalytic hydrogenation of cinnamaldehyde (CAL) and 4-nitrophenol (4-NP). Results showed that the optimal expression conditions of CCMV CPs were as follows: induction temperature 25 ℃, final concentration of IPTG 1 mmol/L and induction time 15 h. Under the optimal conditions, the content of expressed soluble CCMV CPs reached 181 mg/L fermentation broth, accounting for 93% of the total. Ru@CCMV exhibited higher catalytic activities in both reactions in comparison to Ru catalyst stabilized with citric acid ligands (Ru-CA) did. The reaction rate constants in hydrogenation of CAL and 4-NP over Ru@CCMV were calculated to be 0.17 min-1 and 0.50 h-1, respectively, while those over Ru-CA were only 0.11 min-1 and 0.36 h-1.

Abstract:Herein by immobilizing Ru and synthesizing HTc-Al2O3 simultaneously, Ru-HTc-Al2O3 was prepared for dimethyl terephthalate (DMT) to dimethyl cyclohexane-1,4-dicarboxylate (DMCD). For comparison, Ru/HTc-Al2O3 and Ru/Al2O3 were obtained based on the wet impregnation. The characterization results showed that, compared with Ru/HTc-Al2O3 and Ru/Al2O3, Ru-HTc-Al2O3 with larger specific surface area inhibits formation of large Ru particles as well as Ru leaching, behaves the concentrated distribution toward smaller size; and has more surface acid sites especially for the moderate ones. By varing CRR、temperature and pressure as well as the recycling test, one catalytic sequence presents: Ru-HTc-Al2O3 > Ru/HTc-Al2O3> Ru/Al2O3；under 100 g/mol, 180 ℃ and 8 MPa, Ru-HTc-Al2O3 behaves the optimal: 98.2% for DMT conversion, 96.9% for DMCD selectivity.

Abstract:Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), water, ethanol, D-limonene, silica gel and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) were employed to prepare the peel-off type dry cleaning agents in order to develop environmentally friendly, non-toxic, dust-free and portable dry cleaning agents. The mass fractions of PVA, CMC, silica gel and D-limonene were set as the independent variables, and the decontamination efficiency was set as the dependent variable. The four-factor and seven-level uniform design test was adopted. The results were analyzed by SPSS software and the mathematical model was obtained. The model was calculated by MATLAB software, and the optimized ratios (mass fractions) were: 4.5% for PVA 2488, 1.5% for CMC, 7.5% for 800 mesh silica gel and 11% for D-limonene. The decontamination efficiency of the prescription reached 97.08%. FTIR and SEM were employd to characterize the structure of the fabric and the membrane obtained by dry cleaning agent and analyze the decontamination principle. The physical properties of fabric were tested. The results showed that the dry cleaning agent had good decontamination effects on dust particles and oil stains, and there was little residue on the fabric, and the fabric still retained good clothing performance.

Abstract:The core material was prepared through the self-made zeolite loaded potassium diformate (KDF) by hydrothermal method, the sodium alginate (SA) and chitosan (CS) were used as shell material, then the sustained-release microcapsules were prepared between core material and shell material by a complex coac-ervation method. The structure was characterized by FT-IR and XPS, the performance was characterized by sustained release and inhibition rate experiment. The results show that a compounding effect can be formed between the zeolite and the KDF to form a core material of the microcapsules, CS and SA form a polyelectrolyte membrane through electrostatic interaction, which constitutes the shell material of the microcapsules. The microcapsules were stable in the simulated stomach environment with pH=2.0, KDF of microcapsules were released in the intestinal environment of pH=7.2 and can be completely released within 3 h. The entrapment efficiency was 68.33%, the release amount of KDF in microcapsules were 137.50 mg/g. The prepared microcapsules have an inhibitory effect on the growth of E. coli, and the inhibition rate with E. coli increases with the increase of the concentration of microcapsules and the highest inhibition rate can reach 85%.

Abstract:Using water as solvent and sodium hydroxide as green grafting agent, three modified Polyaspartic acid (PASP) scale inhibitors, β-PASP, were synthesized by ring-opening modification of the intermediate polysuccinimide (PSI) which used three β-dicarbonyl compounds as their grafting reagents. The structure of β-PASP was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (IR). The optimal synthesis conditions of PSI were investigated by orthogonal experiment. According to the optimized conditions, the scale and corrosion inhibition performance of β-PASP were also evaluated respectively. The optimum synthesis process of β-PASP were summarrized as follow: the n(PSI): n(β-dicarbonyl compound): n(NaOH)=1:0.6:6, the reaction time was 18~24h, the grafting reaction temperature was 35°C and the mass fraction of raw material was 15%. Experimental results demonstrated that three modified PASP ex-hibited more excellent scale inhibition property against CaCO3 than PASP, and the scale inhibition efficiency can reach 100% when the mass dosage was 8~10 mg/L. At the same time, β-PASP inhibitors possesses better corrosion inhibition properties on A3 carbon steel than PASP.

Abstract:Carbon paper precursors were prepared from plant fiber pulp and aramid pulp and carbon fiber respectively. Polypyrrole-carbon fiber (PPY-CF) was prepared by using different kinds of oxidants and dopants and changing the concentration of pyrrole (PY-CF) paper-based composite. By testing the volume resistivity, the effects of different kinds of pulp precursors, different kinds of oxidants and dopants and changing PY concentration on the volume resistivity of PPY-CF paper-based composites were discussed. The results showed that the precursors were prepared by using aramid pulp and carbon fiber, and the ammonium persulfate (APS) was used as the oxidant, sodium sulfonate-2-sulfonate (AQS) was used as the dopant, and the PY concentration was 0.75 mol/L. The prepared PPY-CF paper-based composite material has the lowest volume resistivity, and its value is 0.152 Ω·cm.

Abstract:The chitosan oligosaccharide derivative BHC as a green corrosion inhibitor for corrosion inhibition was synthesized using natural macromolecular chitosan oligosaccharide, glycidyltrimethylammonium chloride and benzaldehyde as raw materials. The corrosion inhibitor BHC was characterized by FTIR and 1HNMR. The inhibition performance and mechanism of BHC were evaluated by weight loss method, electrochemical analysis, scanning electron microscope (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and contact angle measurement. The results showed that the optimized synthesis conditions of BHC were obtained as follows：m(HTCOS): m(benzaldehyde)=1:2.4，reaction temperature 80℃ and reaction time 24 h. When the total pressure was 15 MPa (the partial pressures of H2S, CO2 and N2 were 1 MPa, 5 MPa and 9 MPa, respectively), the corrosion inhibition rate of BHC (100 mg/L) on P110 steel corrosion at 140℃ in H2S/CO2 corrosive medium was 85.62%, 16.9% higher than that of commercial corrosion inhibitors corrosion inhibitors, which can effectively reduce the corrosion rate of P110 steel under high temperature and high H2S/CO2 corrosion environment. Corrosion inhibitor BHC was a mixed type corrosion inhibitor with predominant control of cathodic reaction. The adsorption of BHC on the P110 steel surface obeyed the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. And it formed a stable covalent bond with the steel surface, which can well protect the steel pipe.

Abstract:In order to improve the flow properties of waxy crude oil, two strains were isolated from the oil contaminated soil near Liaohe Oilfield, which can degrade crude oil. The strains were identified as Cellulosi microbium sp. and Pseudomonas sp., and named 7# and 12# by 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. The results showed that the compound bacteria could emulsify the liquid paraffin; when the volume ratio of compound bacteria was 1:1, the highest emulsification rate reached up to 77.5%; the optimal temperature was 35~40℃; the pH was 6~8, and the best growth of the compound bacteria was at the initial pH; the optimal inoculum volume ratio was 4%, the volume ratio was 2:1. After the crude oil was treated for 7 days with the compound bacteria at 37℃ and pH=7, the wax removal rate was 61.32% and the viscosity reduction rate reached up to 31.58%. Through microscope observation, wax crystals became smaller, further indicating that the strain could degrade the wax, which improved the flow properties of waxy crude oil.

Abstract:Abstrct: Waterborne epoxy resins have poor water resistance and mechanical properties as wood adhesives at elevated temperatures and humid conditions due to containing water-soluble molecules or molecular chains. The organic modified nano-montmorillonite was mixed with waterborne epoxy resin to improve the water-resistance and mechanical properties of waterborne epoxy resin adhesives. The effect of different additions of organic-montmorillonite (0%, 3%, 6%, 9%) on the properties of the adhesive was studied by comparing the method of emulsion coating of montmorillonite with the direct addition method. The properties of composite adhesives were characterized by measuring the shear strength of wood block shear-type assemblies bonded with new formulated adhesives in dry and wet. The thermal stability and structure of the composite adhesives were investigated by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The results show that shear strength of wood joints increased in all states by adding montmorillonite. Inclusion of organic-montmorillonite improved the thermal stability of adhesives to different degrees depending on montmorillonite loading. In addition, compared with the method of directly adding nano-montmorillonite, the adhesive was prepared by emulsion-coated montmorillonite, the organic-montmorillonite was more uniformly distributed in the adhesive and has better mechanical properties. It indicates that the dispersion quality of organic -montmorillonite in composites is the main reason for the performance of composite adhesives.

Abstract:Abstract: A polycarboxylate-based water reducer was synthesized with methyl allyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether and acrylic acid as main raw materials by controlling pH of polyether monomer solution (base material). The pH range of polyether macromonomer solution and the effect of different acid types on the performances of water reducer were determined by measuring the conversion of polyether, the water reducer's relative molecular weight and molecular weight distribution index, and evaluating the application performances of water reducer. The results showed that the conversion rate of polyether monomer was increased by controlling the pH of the base material. When the pH was controlled at 3, the conversion rate of polyether was the highest, which increased from 87.41% of the blank to 95.43%. Moreover, the molecular weight distribution index of synthetic water reducer was the lowest, decreasing from 3.183 to 2.884. When sulfuric acid was used to control the pH of the base material, sodium sulfate was present in the solution, its rapid dissolution reduced the encapsulation and consumption of polycarboxylate superplasticizer by cement hydration products, which was more conducive to improving the dispersibility of polycarboxylate superplasticizer. The results revealed that the overall performance of polycarboxylate superplasticizer can be improved by controlling the pH of polyether macromonomer solution without changing the synthetic process of water reducer.

Abstract:Two kinds of Gemini quaternary ammonium salts were synthesized by using triethylamine and 1,4-p-dichlorobenzyl as the linking group and N,N-Dimethylethanolamine (or triethylamine ) as the head group (labeled as KNJ-1 and KNJ-2).which was compounded with polycarboxylate superplasticizers to improve the negative effect of the clay on the polycarboxylate superplasticizers, the effect of the terminal hydroxyl group on the clay effect was investigated. The structure was characterized by FT-IR and 1H NMR.The effect of anti-clay agent was evaluated by the fluidity of cement paste. The mechanism was reveled by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy,X-ray diffraction and Zeta potential measurement. The re-sults show that the addition of KNJ-2 increased the initial fluidity by 25 mm, and the fluidity increased by 165 mm after 2 hours, showing a good anti-clay advantage. XRD and XPS results showed that KNJ-2 is superior to KNJ-1 in surface and interlayer adsorption of montmorillonite. And the Zeta potential of montmorillonite was increased from the initial -15.67mV to -0.15mV.This is ascribed to hydroxyl group which can generate hydrogen bond with the surface and interlayer of the montmorillonite, occupying a large number of active sites. polycarboxylate superplasticizers can be prevented from being absorbed in surface and interlayers of clay to ensure better dispersion performance ,presenting a marked anti-mud ef-fect.

Abstract:In this paper, the synthesis of Co3+ by electrooxidation and the synthesis of P-methyl sulfone benzoic acid by oxidation of P-methyl sulfone toluene were systematically studied.Studies have shown that lead dioxide anode, cathode lead electrode plates, ceramic membrane as a cation exchange membrane and electrolyte concentration to C(Co2+)=0.5 mol/L, C(sulfuric acid)=4.0 mol/L, C(ammonium sulfate)=0.15 mol/L, electrode spacing d=2cm, the current density J=350 A/m2, electrolytic temperature t=10 ℃, the electrolyte Co2+ conversion rate could reach 80% and the electrolytic oxidation current efficiency was 67.5%.In the matrix oxidation process, the concentration of electrolyte C(Co3+)=0.4mol/L, C(sulfuric acid)=4.0 mol/L,C(ammonium sulfate)=0.15 mol/L, the mole ratio of Co3+ and thiamphenicol toluene 6:1, reaction temperature 30 ℃ and reaction time 30min, the yield of benzoic acid thiamphenicol could reach 97.8% and purity was 99% after refining.

Abstract:The synthesis of pentacyclo [5.4.0.02,6.03,10.05,9] undecane (PCUD) was accomplished by cyclopentadiene and phenylhydrazine as raw materials through Diels-Alder addition reaction, [2 2] cycloaddition reaction, the Huang Minlon Reduction. During the Huang Minlon Reduction, toluene and diethylene glycol as mixed reaction solvents, the effect of reaction temperature (T2) and reaction time (t2) on the reduction yield was investigated by one-pot reaction on the basis of single-factor tests. The optimum conditions were as follows: n(pentacyclo[5.4.0.02,6.03,10.05,9]undecane-8,11-dione):n(potassium hydroxide):n(hydrazine)=1:7.5:14, the reaction being conducted at 120 ℃ for 3 h, followed by react- ion at 180 ?C for 4 h. The reduction yield could reach 76.2%. Subsequently, using the volatile characteristics of PCUD, the recycling of diethylene glycol and potassium hydroxide was investigated in the synthesis process of Huang Minlon Reduction, the average yield of PCUD reached 75.2% in 11 times of recycle that had been carried out.