SHI Cheng-dong , YU Shu-yan , LI Cong-ju
2020, 37(12).
Abstract:The nanofibers prepared by traditional electrospinning technology are randomly arranged in the collection device, due to low degree of orientation and weak properties, limiting their application. Aligned nanofibers can be obtained by improving the collection device, and have great potential in the fields of tissue engineering, sensors, reinforcement materials and energy, and have attracted wide attention from researchers. Nowadays, preparation of high-performance and low-cost nanofiber materials has become the current research goal and trend. The degree of orientation is increased by aligned nanofibers, and the electrical conductivity, piezoelectricity, thermal stability, mechanical property and optical property of the electrospun nanofibers are enhanced. This paper discusses the use of fiber orientation to promote the performance improvement of composite nanofiber materials and their application in the field of materials. The principle that aligned nanofibers have better properties than randomly aligned nanofibers is summarized.
LUO Xiao-fei , ZHI Yunfei , SHAN Shaoyun
2020, 37(12).
Abstract:Using CO2 as raw material to synthesize cyclic carbonate with epoxide is one of the most effective ways to utilize CO2 resource, and it is also one of the effective ways to mitigate the greenhouse effect. It is believed that adopting appropriate catalyst is important in the reaction of CO2 with epoxide. Porous materials are widely used as catalyst of cycloaddition due to its low relative density, high strength, large specific surface area, good stability, and various synthetic methods. This paper focuses on the recent research progress of inorganic porous materials, porous organic polymer materials, and metal organic framework materials in the cycloaddition of CO2 and epoxides. The advantages and disadvantages of each catalyst are introduced.
2020, 37(12).
Abstract:Two-dimensional layered materials have attracted widespread attention in coating anticorrosion due to their unique morphological structure, high specific surface area, and excellent physical and mechanical properties. Combined with the latest researches at home and abroad, the research progress of two-dimensional layered materials, such as graphene, hexagonal boron nitride, molybdenum disulfide, hydrotalcite, and montmorillonite, in coating anticorrosion was reviewed in this paper. Moreover, the anticorrosion effect of various two-dimensional layered materials applied in coating anticorrosion were summarized and compared. Finally, the development trend of two-dimensional layered materials in coating anticorrosion was prospected.
2020, 37(12).
Abstract:Mesoporous carbon materials are a kind of porous carbon materials with pore diameter between 2 nm and 50 nm. Ordered mesoporous carbon materials possess structural features such as high specific surface area, regular pore structure, narrow pore size distribution, controllable pore size and modifiable surface and performance characteristics such as high mechanical strength, strong adsorption ability and chemical inertness. These special structure and properties have made ordered mesoporous carbon widely used in many fields, especially as a new adsorbent in water treatment, which is a notable application direction with ecological and social value. Hard templating method and soft templating method are the main way to prepare ordered mesoporous carbon, and the selection of template and carbon precursor is crucial to the control of structure and properties. In this paper, the preparation methods of ordered mesoporous carbon, hierarchical ordered microporous/mesoporous carbon and hierarchical ordered macroporous/mesoporous carbon are reviewed from the perspectives of different templates such as ordered mesoporous silica, natural minerals, metal organic frameworks and block copolymers. Applications of ordered mesoporous carbon in water treatment are introduced including the removal efficiency, removal mechanism and modification effectiveness of ordered mesoporous carbon to heavy metal ion and organic pollutant.
ZHAO YAN , ZHANG LI XIN , GAOMING , LIU JING NAN , ZHAO SHENG XIAN
2020, 37(12):0-0.
Abstract:Abstract: With the increase of concentration multiple of circulating cooling water, the scaling of heat exchange equipment will aggravate. At the same time, the selection of scale inhibitors and descaling methods is severely restricted by the amount of circulating cooling water and blowdown of industrial scale circulating cooling water systems. Scale inhibitors are divided into three categories: traditional chemical scale inhibitors, green scale inhibitors based on petrochemical products and green scale inhibitors based on biological extracts. In this paper, the type and characteristic of scale inhibitors are analyzed and summarized, and the research status and development trends of scale inhibitors are introduced. Common physical descaling methods and research progress are briefly described, which the scale inhibition ability is relatively low and is easy to cause damage to the equipment. Some studies show that physical methods can significantly affect the performance of scale inhibitors when scale inhibitor are used in combination with physical methods. Combined with the current research situation of descaling in circulating water system, the development of descaling technology is summarized and prospected, and the suggestions for the use of scale inhibitors and descaling methods and new ideas for solving the scaling problems are put forward.
2020, 37(12):0-0.
Abstract:The research progress of self-healing superhydrophobic materials in recent years is summarized. The preparation methods of extrinsic and intrinsic self-healing superhydrophobic materials are introduced in detail, and the functional self-healing superhydrophobic materials and their applications are also introduced. Finally, the challenges and development directions of self-healing superhydrophobic materials are pointed out. Compared with ordinary superhydrophobic materials, self-healing superhydrophobic materials have excellent surface stability and recyclability, which is beneficial to prolong the service life. In addition, the functionalization of self-healing superhydrophobic materials can further widen their applications. With the development of science and technology, self-healing superhydrophobic materials will play a key role in many fields, such as electronics, medical and health, artificial intelligence, desalination and so on.
2020, 37(12):0-0.
Abstract:Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), the preferred porous materials,consisting of metal atoms or clusters and organic ligands, showing the higher adsorbability and photocatalytic activity, have been widely exploited in environmental protection and future energy supply. Based on the simulation of plant photosynthesis, MOFs is expected to convert CO2 into a series of hydrocarbon fuels. This article illustrated the mechanism of MOFs photocatalytic reduction CO2.Through the construction of band structural engineering (such as doping, ligand substitution, heterojunction construction) may achieve the capture of stronger light, higher gas adsorption, product selectivity, stability and photocatalytic efficiency;and improve catalytic efficiency through functionalization of synergistic catalytic effect and MOFs structure design. In addition, based on these researches of this area, we make suggestions for the future directions of MOFs photocatalytic reduction CO2.
XI nan , CHENG Chunhui , LI Hongwei , DONG Peng , GUO Peng , JI Dong
2020, 37(12):0-0.
Abstract:Cyclohexene is a very important organic chemical raw material. Selective hydrogenation of benzene to cyclohexene is the best way to obtain high-yield cyclohexene. For a long time, researchers have been committed to developing a ruthenium-based catalytic reaction system with high selectivity and high yield to produce cyclohexene. However, environmental factors have restricted its large-scale industrial application, so it is necessary to Further research. Green catalysis is one of the hotspots of current research. The trend of developing highly hydrophilic catalysts with less ruthenium loading and no reaction additives is bound to be strengthened in the future development of green chemistry. Therefore, the technology of hydrogenation of benzene to cyclohexene Development is an extremely economically significant and scientifically challenging subject. This article systematically introduces the technological progress of selective hydrogenation of benzene to cyclohexene from the aspects of reaction process technology, development history, reaction system composition and reaction mechanism of ruthenium-based catalysts.
ZHOU Xin-ke , CHENG Chunzu , XIAO Meng-yuan , ZHANG Jia-yue , REN Yuan-lin
2020, 37(12):0-0.
Abstract:β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) is a kind of natural polymer material with wide application. It has the advantages of wide sources, low cost, renewable and biodegradable. In recent years, β-CD has been applied in the field of flame retardant because of its special structure and excellent char formation performance. This article briefly describes the relevant characteristics, sources, structure and properties of β-CD, and discusses the application of β-CD as a char-forming agent, synergist, and an integrated intumescent flame retardant. It describes the flame retardant mechanism and some defects of β-CD as a flame retardant. It is believed that in-depth research of β-CD, improving the flame retardant efficiency, matching it with other ingredients reasonably, enhancing the synergistic effect, and developing new composite and efficient β-CD flame retardants are the future development direction.
SONG Jie , DOU Yufang , LI Shenggang , YAN Xiaoyu
2020, 37(12).
Abstract:Waste peanut shell fiber was used as a kind of reinforcing material in the degradable polymer material poly (butylene succinate) (PBS). The poly (butylene succinate)/peanut shell fiber (PBS/F) composite material was prepared by melt blending method. The crystallization properties, thermal properties and mechanical properties of the composite material were analyzed,and molecular simulations were used to verify the changes in properties. The results showed that the addition of peanut shell fiber did not change the crystal form of PBS, but participated in the crystallization process of PBS as a nucleating agent, which promoted the crystallization of the composite material and shortened the crystallization time of the composite material. When the peanut shell fiber content is 5%, its nucleation effect is the strongest, making it as a "bridge" embedded in the composite material, combined with intermolecular interactions, the thermal and mechanical properties of the composite material are increased compared with pure PBS. The molecular simulation results showed that peanut shell fiber and PBS formed C=O...H-O, to enhance the interface ?between the PBS and peanut shell fiber.
2020, 37(12).
Abstract:Fish scale gelatin, as a reducing agent and stabilizer, has been used to prepare silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and fish scale gelatin/agar composite films with AgNPs loading (0.04-0.2%, dry weight). AgNPs were characterized by UV-Vis spectroscopy (UV-Vis), transmission microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) to check the physicochemical properties. AgNPs were spherical and homogeneous with an average particle size of 9.3 nm. With the addition of AgNPs, the color of fish scale gelatin/agar composite films turned yellow, the transparency reduced, and the absorption of ultraviolet and visible light enhanced. Besides, the elongation at break, water-resistance and water vapor barrier properties of the films were significantly enhanced with the addition of AgNPs; however, the thickness and tensile strength had no change. FTIR and TG analyses showed that Ag NPs chemically interacted with fish scale gelatin and agar, and the thermal stability of the composite films was improved to some extent. Finally, the films incorporated with Ag NPs exhibited strong antibacterial activity against tested pathogens bacteria. Importantly, AgNPs and fish scale gelatin-agar composite films are compatible with the utility of AgNPs at a very low silver concentration in antibacterial packaging.
ZHENG Cheng-juan , LI Shanshan , CHEN Qing
2020, 37(12).
Abstract:The corn starch fatty acid inclusion compound was prepared from the waste of Rosa laevigata pomace and corn starch. The seed oil from Rosa laevigata pomace was exteacted with Soxhlet extraction method. The unsaturated fatty acids in the seed oil were purified with urea adduction fractionation method, and the content of linoleic acid and oleic acid was up to 99%. Using the adsorption of azo dyes Congo red as evaluation index, the inclusion process was optimized by central composite design-response surface methodology, and the inclusion compound was characterized by IR, TG and SEM. The results showed that the optimal inclusion process was as follows: the mass ratio of corn starch to fatty acid was 8:1, the inclusion time was 82 min, the inclusion temperature was 51 ℃, and the adsorption rate of Congo red was 91.65%, which was close to the theoretical value of 93.18%. The formed inclusion compound was found in the results of IR and TG test, and the thermostability of the inclusion compound was decreased, and a number of holes were also found in the results of SEM test, which were on the surface of the inclusion compound.
ZHANG Guang-hua , YANG Dong-dong , DU Lun
2020, 37(12):0-0.
Abstract:Amphoteric polycarboxylate brine coal slurry dispersant with different carboxylic acid monomers were synthesized as allyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether 500 (APEG-500), carboxylic acid monomers(Acrylic and Itaconic Acid), dimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride (DMDAAC) and other raw materials. FTIR and 1HNMR were used to characterize the dispersant. The dispersant’s dispersion performance and its mechanism of action were tested by the viscosity of coal water slurry, XPS, Zeta potential, contact angle, stability, etc. The results show that when the amount of DMDAAC was 6.0% of the total mass of monomers, the effect of amphoteric polycarboxylate dispersant on reducing the apparent viscosity of coal water slurry was better than that of anionic dispersant; the performance of carboxylic acid monomer as itaconic acid was notable, the maximum solid mass fraction of Yulin coal in Shaanxi reaches 66.53%, the Zeta potential changes from -20.8 mV to -31.9 mV, the thickness of the film and the saturated adsorption capacity were 2.56 nm and 3.23 mg/g respectively, the wettability of the coal particles was better, and the stability of the slurry was significantly improved. Indicating that the dicarboxyl group can improve the performance of the dispersant more than the monocarboxyl group.
Chen Bao-wei , Gao Wen-jun , Xu Dong , Du Shu-ming , Zhang Yu-kui , Zhang Zhi-ming
2020, 37(12):0-0.
Abstract:The FeS2/NiS2 and FeP/Ni2P composites have beeen synthesized through a two-step method using Fe(NO3)3?9H2O, Ni(NO3)2?6H2O, sulfur powder or NaH2PO2?H2O as raw materials. The structure and morphology are characterized by using XRD, SEM and TEM, the catalytic performances of the two catalysts for oxygen evolution reaction have been investigated. The results show that the catalysts described above exhibit excellent catalytic performances. The FeP/Ni2P composite show higher catalytic activity with small overpotentials of 300 mV at the current density of 10 mA/cm2 for the OER than FeS2/NiS2 (370 mV). The corresponding Tafel slope of the FeP/Ni2P catalyst (48 mV/dec) are also smaller than FeS2/NiS2 (71 mV/dec), revealing more favorable electrocatalytic kinetics on the FeP/Ni2P catalyst for the OER.
2020, 37(12).
Abstract:Abstract: A series of Gemini nonionic surfactants were synthesized from 1,12-dodecanol, oleic acid and polyethylene glycol (300, 400, 600, 800, 1000). The structure of the product was confirmed by IR and NMR. In order to evaluate the effectiveness of Gemini nonionic surfactants as solubilizing excipients for injection, the surface tension, solubilization and hemolytic activity of Gemini nonionic surfactants were compared with Tween 80. The results show that the safety and effective index of PODD-1000 is 13 times that of Tween-80, which is more suitable for solubilizing excipients of injection.
ZHANG Sen , ZHANG Tie-xin , HE Cheng , DUAN Chun-ying
2020, 37(12).
Abstract:Enzyme-inspired by oxidative metabolism of cytochrome P450, the organic dye Acid Red 87 was introduced into metal-organic framework (MOF) PCN-222(Fe) by post-synthetic modification, to construct the heterogeneous enzyme-mimicking photocatalyst Acid Red 87@PCN-222(Fe) in which the proximal spatial distance between the dye and Fe-porphyrin moiety was expected to facilitate the photoinduced electron transfer for mimicking the electron transfer chain in P450. Employing 1-(4-methoxyphenyl)ethan-1-ol as the model substrate, the reaction conditions such as solvent, electronic sacrificial agent, oxygen source, and et al. were screened, and the optimized conditions were obtained, as shown below: sodium periodate as the oxygen source (53.5 mg, 0.25 mmol), 2,6-lutidine trifluoromethanesulfonate as the proton source (64.3 mg, 0.25 mmol), Acid Red 87@PCN-222(Fe) as the photocatalyst (12.0 mg, 0.00625 mmo), acetonitrile as the solvent (2 mL), under the photoirridation from 530-nm LED for 24 hours. The MOF-based photocatalyst could be recycled and reused for at least 3 times without remarkable deteriorations of catalytic reactivity and structural crystalline. This photocatalytic benzylic C—H oxidation was of broad substrate scope under the optimal conditions, and the highly regioselective benzylic oxidation of the nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug, Pimeprofen®, at the C7-position, could be achieved in a yield of 48%. This protocol could be further expended to the oxidation of aryl thioethers to the corresponding aryl sulfoxides. Those results demonstrated the potential interests of this enzyme-inspired photocatalytic methodology in pharmaceutical field and industrial desulfurization.
Yang Lina , Zhou Tingting , Qi Yuhuan , GUO Yong-cheng , Li Jian
2020, 37(12):0-0.
Abstract:Mesoporous molecular sieve SBA-15-W was synthesized using ethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) as raw material and bacillus (W) as auxiliary template. And then TiO2 supported photocatalytic oxidation desulfurization catalyst TiO2-SBA-15-W was obtained. The samples were characterized by XRD, N2 adsorption-desorption, SEM, EDS, FTIR, XPS, UV-Vis and PL. The results showed that the addition of bacillus made the mesoporous order degree and pore diameter of TiO2-SBA-15 increase, the ability of the catalyst to absorb ultraviolet light enhance and the photoelectron-hole compound rate decrease. Dibenzothiophene (DBT) was used as a probe to evaluate the catalytic performance of the catalyst. The results indicated that the photocatalyst TiO2-SBA-15-W with 1% bacillus content (based on the mass of SiO2, the same below) had better catalytic performance. Under the optimum reaction condition of catalyst dosage of 1% (based on the mass of the model fuel, the same below), n(O)∶n(S)=20∶1 in hydrogen peroxide/model fuel, V(extractant)∶V (model fuel) =1∶1, the desulfurization rate of the model fuel reached 90.6% under irradiation for 120 min, which was 11.8% higher than that of TiO2-SBA-15. The mechanism of photocatalytic oxidative desulfurization (PODS) was proposed. Superoxide radicals (•O2-) and holes (h+) were considered to be the main active species of PODS.
LI Jingjing , LIUJiaxu , RONG Zeming
2020, 37(12):0-0.
Abstract:CO2 hydrogenation to CH3OH under relatively lower temperature has considered an important but still challenging task. Herein, nanoporous Co (NP-Co) and a series of modified NP-CoxM (M=Cr, V, Mo, Mn, Ce, W, x=nCo∶nM) were synthesized and evaluated for CO2 hydrogenation to CH3OH at 60-140 °C. Cr element as an additive seems to be favorable for the promotion of catalytic performance. N2 adsorption-desorption, SEM, TEM, XRD, XPS and CO2-TPD were employed for the characterization of NP-Co and NP-CoCrx. Results showed the addition of CrOx enhanced the strong interaction between CO2 and the catalytic active site. In addition, the large increase of surface hydroxyl promoted the activation of CO2 under relatively lower temperature, which was manifested as the significant reduction of apparent activation energy for NP-Co3Cr (59.08 kJ/mol) compared with NP-Co (89.12 kJ/mol). CH3OH as a major product exhibited time yield of 106.4 μmol/(gCat.·h) at 60 °C and selectivity was up to 92.8%, while no CH3OH generated with NP-Co catalyst under the same reaction conditions.
YANG Rui-ting , ZHOU you , LI Meng-ting , ZHU Li , YIN Xue-qiong , WANG Jiang
2020, 37(12):0-0.
Abstract:Six kinds of microcapsule oxygen-indicating composite films were prepared with sodium alginate (SA), methyl cellulose (MC), carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC) as microcapsule wall materials and methylene blue (MB)/TiO2/glycerin (Gly) as oxygen indicator. The suitable screen oxygen wall material system was selected according to the activation, color reversal and reusability of the oxygen-indicating composite films. When the concentration of MC was 20 g/L, and the dosage of MB, TiO2 and Gly was 0.05 g, 1 g and 0.5 mL, respectively, the photocatalytic activation efficiency of MB/TiO2/Gly/MC oxygen-indicating composite film was the best. Under the conditions of air humidity of 75% and temperature of 35 ℃, the color recovery rate of MC/SA/MC and MC/CMC/SA oxygen-indicating composite films at 10 hours was 28.7% and 27.9% respectively, and the color changing was relatively uniform. After repeated use for 3 times, the color recovery rate of MC/SA/MC and MC/CMC/SA oxygen-indicating composite films decreased by only 0.8% and 1.0% respectively, indicating that these two wall material systems are spice wall material with good screen oxygen. These two wall material systems were used to embed rose essential oil by spray drying to prepare spice microcapsules. After 7 days of storage, new substances appeared in the core material embedded in MC/CMC/SA, while no new substances appeared in MC/SA/MC, indicating that the MC/SA/MC system had a better protection effect on rose oil.
2020, 37(12).
Abstract:Sugarcane bagasse was used as raw material to prepare monocarboxylic sugarcane bagasse cellulose by HNO3/H3PO4-NaNO2 mixture system; then, in the presence of crosslinking agent cystamine bisacrylamide (CBA), redox, pH and thermal-responsive nanogels were prepared via the in-situ free radical copolymerization of methacrylated monocarboxylic sugarcane bagasse cellulose (MAMC-SBC) and N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAM) in aqueous phase. The results obtained from FT-IR, 1H NMR, SEM and high precision particle size analyzer show that the nanogels were highly uniform with an average particle size were 183± 2 nm. Adriamycin hydrochloride (DOX) was effectively loaded into the nanogels as a model drug with a drug loading efficiency of up to 82.7 %. The results reveal that it can be controlled the release of drugs precisely by reducing agents, pH and temperature and the synergistic effects.
LIANG Bo , SHAO Junpeng , WANG Weihua
2020, 37(12).
Abstract:With the purpose of increasing camellia seed oil storage stability, camellia oil microcapsule was obtained by the complex coacervation method with whey protein (WPI), gum arabic (GA) as wall materials, and transglutaminase as curing agent. First, the optimal parameters of wall material coagulation were obtained by the single factor test using the agglomerate rate as evaluation indexes. Then the optimal preparation technology of camellia oil microcapsule was confirmed by the single factor and response surface methodology test using the microcapsule morphology and embedding rate as evaluation index. The optimum reaction condition was as follows: mass fraction of wall material 2.0%, mass ratio of WPI and GA 1:1, core wall mass ratio 0.84:1, pH of complex condensation reaction 4.3, complex condensation reaction temperature 40 ℃, stirring speed 500 r/min. Under those conditions, the embedding rate reached 89.67%. It was indicated by the infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscope, particle size distribution, angle of repose, POV value and thermogravimetric data that camellia oil microcapsule had good structural integrity, particle size uniformity, fluidity, dispersibility, thermal stability and oxidation stability. It was shown by the sustained release character in vitro that the slow-release mechanisms of camellia oil microcapsule in simulated gastric and intestinal juice both were Ritger-Peppas releasing model, and it was in accordance with human digestive and absorptive characteristic. Microencapsulated camellia oil protected the active ingredient of camellia oil, expanded the scope of its application, and improved its digestion and absorption effect.
ZHU Qing-zhen , SUI Xin-ping , WANG Yu-tong , ZHANG Ning , SUN Bao-guo , XIA Jun-xia
2020, 37(12).
Abstract:In this work, Xinjiang walnuts were used as raw material, and the effect of roasting time on the key aroma components of walnut milk was investigated. Then, sensory analysis was applied to evaluate the prepared walnut milk, and the solvent‐assisted flavor evaporation (SAFE) was adopted to extract the volatile flavor substances in these samples. Besides, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and gas chromatography-olfactometry-mass spectrometry (GC-O-MS) were used to identify the aroma compounds. The results showed that a total of 109 volatile compounds were identified in walnut milk at four different roasting times, mainly including nitrogen-containing compounds, aldehydes, alcohols, heterocyclics and ketones. Among them, the content of each type of compounds was relatively high in the sample roasted for 23 min. In addition, results of GC-O-MS showed that a total of 69 aroma compounds were detected from four samples, and 18 of them were detected at the same time. Among which trans,trans-2,4-decadienal, 5-methyl-2-furfural, trans-2-nonenal, 2-ethyl-3,6-dimethylpyrazine, 2-ethylpyrazine, 1-octen-3-ol, 2-furanmethanol and 2-methoxy-4-vinylphenolare were the key aroma compounds in roasted walnut milk. Comprehensive analysis results found that the walnut milk samples roasted for 23 min had good flavor characteristics, which had the largest number of aroma compounds and higher aroma intensity, presenting typical nutty and roasted flavor.
marui , wu yaoguo , zhang mingkuan , Bai Linqin , yan xueqian , qianjin
2020, 37(12).
Abstract:Sulfate reducing sludge (SRS) was employed as the raw biomass material and pyrolysed at 500oC under oxygen-limited condition, for the functional biochar preparation (i.e. SBC-500). With the anaerobic sludge (derived from sludge thickening tank in a sewage treatment plant)-based biochar (i.e. BC-500) as the control, both materials were characterized by SEM, XRD, FTIR and BET. The environmental application of them for Cr(Ⅵ) removal was also evaluated and compared. The results showed that the SBC-500 is superior to BC-500 in terms of biochar yield, ash content and pore volume. As for BET analysis, BETSBC-500 was 17.9 m2/g, significantly larger than BC-500 (10.24 m2/g). According to the SEM results, porous structure was clearly displayed in the surface of biochar. And irregular marginal crystal structure were embedded in the biochar. The presences of graphene carbon and FeS crystal and amorphous carbon were confirmed in SBC-500 via XRD analysis. The FTIR spectrum presented the anti-symmetric stretching peak of O═S═O and the characteristic absorption peak of S═O bond in the SBC-500. The Cr (Ⅵ) removal efficiency by SBC-500 (via adsorption and reduction) could achieve 100% after 48 hour’s reaction, at pH 3, 0.2 g dosage and Cr (Ⅵ) initial concentration of 10 mg/L. With the initial concentration increased to 200 mg/L, the adsorption capacity of Cr(Ⅵ) was 8.22 mg Cr(Ⅵ)/g by SBC-500. The results of this study may provide new concept and insight into the economical disposal of the surplus sludge and the effective remediation of heavy metal polluted water body.
LUO Xing-guo , Wei Chang , Li Xing-bin , Li Yong-yong , Zheng San-qiang , Li Min-ting
2020, 37(12).
Abstract:In view of the scaling anion CO32– concentration and enrichment in the co-production process of salt-nitrate, which leads to scaling problems in the evaporation system, the study used multi-stage hydrochloric acid to adjust the brine pH to convert CO32– to HCO3–, alleviating system scaling and extending the production cycle effectively. The results of thermodynamic calculation, XRD, SEM-EDS and other technologies show that the conversion behavior of CO32– and HCO3– during the acid addition process was explored, and the following conclusions were drawn. The scale of the salt and nitrate evaporation system is mainly composed of CaCO3 scale and Mg(OH)2 scale, thought the scaling mechanism is different. The cause of scaling in the salt system is that the gradually enriched Ca2 forms low-solubility CaCO3 as the temperature rises, and the supersaturated state deposits and precipitates to form a scale layer. The theoretical calculation and experimental results indicate that adjusting the pH of the mother liquor of the nitrate system to 9.0 ~ 9.5 can convert local CO32– to HCO3–. The leaching experiment of scale layer shows that adjusting the pH of brine to 9.08, the Mg2 can be dissolved and leached effectively, but only a small part of Ca2 were dissolved and leached. The SEM-EDS results show that the dense scale layer formed by the un-leached calcium can inhibit scale formation on the surface of the heat exchanger, realizing the conversion of CO32– to HCO3– while preventing system corrosion, and alleviate system scale inhibition and prevention effectively.
HOU Shengzhen , ZHANG Jian , WANG Xiujun , ZHU Yuejun
2020, 37(12).
Abstract:Benzeneboronic acid polymer can form micro-crosslink net with xanthan gum through dynamic borate ester bond between benzeneboronic acid and diol of xanthan gum, and the ability can be applied in the chemical modification of xanthan gum. Ternary copolymers P(AM-co-DMAPAM-co-AMBB) with various copolymerization ratios were synthesized via aqueous free radical polymerization of acrylamide (AM), N-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)acrylamide (DMAPAM) and 3-acrylamide benzene boric acid (AMBB) using 2,2'-azobis[2-methylpropionamidine] dihydrochloride (AIBA) as initiator. The structure and molecular weight of ternary copolymers were characterized by 1H NMR, FTIR, elemental analysis and light scattering technique, and the thickening, rheology, aging resistance and anti-interference properties of the composite system of ternary copolymers and xanthan gum were evaluated. The composite system of P(AM-co-DMAPAM-co-AMBB) and xanthan gum exhibited good tackify performance: the viscosity of the composite solution of the ternary copolymer with the molar ratio of AMBB equal to 1.0 mol% and xanthan gum increased by 43.8% in pure water and 56.4% in mineralized water (8074 mg/L). Besides, the composite system exhibited good aging resistance in pure water and mineralized water and good anti-interference to glycol and 1,3-propanediol.