Abstract:Recently, the fabrication of organic compounds via functionalization of olefins has become one hotspot in organic synthesis. When choosing transition metal complexes with various types, crystal structures and multifunctional properties as catalysts, the reactions have high efficiency, high selectivity and low cost. This work summarized the progress in the functionalization of unactivated olefins via free radical reaction by use of transition metal salts and their complexes as catalysts in the past five years. The characteristic of the reaction is that olefins generate free radicals and react with other substrates or reagents in the presence of transition metal catalysts. Among them, catalysts with excellent catalytic properties contains not only complexes of precious metals such as rhodium, palladium and ruthenium, but also the salts and complexes of common metals, such as iron, nickel, copper and cobalt. These methods expand the research fields of functionalization of olefins, and provide new methods and ideas for organic chemists, and also offer new solutions for further industrial production.

Abstract:With solid heteropolyacid as the component, the dual-functional catalyst for alkane isomerization exhibits excellent catalytic activity, and has the advantages of mild catalytic reaction conditions, no corrosion of equipment, and no environmental pollution. It has broad application prospects and has become a research hotspot in the field of alkane isomerization catalysts. This article reviews the research progress of heteropolyacids used in the isomerization of light alkanes, and discusses in detail the influence of various supports, metal active components and mixing methods of supported heteropolyacid on isomerization performance. The structure activity relationship between heteropolyacid-based catalyst and isomerization performance was analyzed. In addition, combined with the main problems of current catalysts, the future research direction of heteropoly acid-based isomerization catalysts was point out.

Abstract:The latest research progress on copolymerization in the field of making high quality of PET flame retardant was stated here, its major content related to the flame retardant mechanisms and fire-resistant properties from five modification methods, namely, the phosphorus copolymerization, the cross-ling of high temperature, the rearrangement of high temperature, the ionic aggregation of high temperature and the end-group capture with chain extension from flame retardant monomers, and their characteristic were also summarized, based on which research directions were proposed.

Abstract:The epoxidation of alkene catalyzed by titanium silicalite-1 has the advantages of mild conditions, environmental friendliness, conforming to the concept of green chemistry, and broad application prospects. Herein, the research progress of epoxidation of aliphatic alkenes catalyzed by TS-1 with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) as oxidant in different media was mainly discussed. It was found that an active intermediate was formed from Ti—OOH(Titanium Oxide Active Center) and solvent through hydrogen bonding promoting the epoxidation of alkenes to epoxide when the epoxidation was performed in protonic solvents such as methanol. Meanwhile, the acid center of TS-1 can also promote side reactions such as ring-opening and polymerization of epoxides. Treatment of TS-1 with appropriate amount of alkaline additives can reduce the amounts of acid sites, inhibit the formation of by-products to improve the selectivity of epoxidation products. On the other hand, the catalytic performance of TS-1 for alkene epoxidation can be improved by modification with acid, alkali, silanization or metal salt. In addition, the deactivation of TS-1 is mainly ascribed to carbon deposition in catalytic run. The activity of the catalyst can be recovered largely by calcination in high temperature, oxidation by hydrogen peroxide in situ or washing with hot solvent. They are forecasted that investigations on the novel synthetic and modifying methods, and the relationship between the regeneration protocol and the activity of TS-1 are the developing trends in this field in the future.

Abstract:The rapid development of industry has caused serious environmental and energy problems that threaten the ecological balance. Therefore, it is of great significance to adopt energy-saving technologies to deal with environmental pollution. As a green energy technology, Microbial fuel cell (MFC) generates electricity by degrading organic matter in wastewater through the oxidative metabolism of microorganisms. However, the current relatively low power generation efficiency limits the industrial application of MFC. The performance of MFC is affected by many factors, such as the configuration limitation of the device, the influence of the electrode material on the extracellular electron transfer yield and the oxygen catalytic reduction reaction, the composition of the substrate, and the cost of the proton exchange membrane. Optimizing the design of MFC, improving the power generation performance of MFC, and reducing the input cost can solve the shortcomings of MFC industrial application. By analyzing the battery configuration, electrode materials, anode microorganisms and proton exchange membrane, the main factors affecting the power generation performance and their solutions are summarized, and the future development direction of MFC is prospected to provide a theoretical basis for promoting the application of MFC technology.

Abstract:Amine COFs as an emerging porous crystalline polymer, possess the advantages of regular pore structure, high specific surface area, adjustable counter ions, abundant active sites, etc. In fuel cells, it is essential for the preparation of high-efficiency electrocatalysts and the promotion of energy conversion. This article focuses on the advantages of Imine COFs as an electrocatalyst, and reviews its application as an electrocatalyst in the reduction of CO2, oxygen evolution, hydrogen evolution, nitrobenzene reduction, and other aspects and the current challenges, future prospects of high-performance electrocatalysts for COFs are also discussed.

Abstract:Biodiesel, as one of the most significant green renewable resources, has been used as a promising alternative to fossil fuels. This review focuses on summarizing the recent progress in the design and development of nanocatalysts for catalytic biodiesel production, with emphasis on the catalyst properties, activity, and reusability. In addition, the current problems and future perspectives on the design of nanocatalysts have also been briefly discussed.

Abstract:Hydrogen cyanide (HCN) is a kind of highly toxic and volatile compound, with boiling point of 25.7℃. The formation of HCN comes from processing of cyanide-containing chemicals, processing tail gas of calcium carbide and yellow phosphorus, fossil fuels and biomass combustion as well as selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of nitrogen oxides mostly. The removal of HCN has been paid more and more attention. Here, we summarize the theory, advantage and disadvantage, and suitable range of the HCN removal methods of absorption method, combustion method, adsorption method (AM) and catalytic method (CM). AM and CM are recent research highlights for their low reaction temperature, high removal efficiency and simple purification process for HCN. The development of researches on HCN removal about AM and CM which includes the preparation and application of adsorbents and catalyst materials, the adsorption kinetics of HCN on adsorbents and the catalytic removal mechanism of HCN over catalysts is discussed deeply, to supply theoretic basis for the research and synthesis of effective HCN removal materials. That it will supply new mind and advice for realizing effective HCN removal through reviews of the research development of various kinds of HCN removal methods.

Abstract:Bismuth ferrite is a perovskite-type semiconductor photocatalyst, which is favored due to its proper optical band gap, good chemical stability and visible light absorption. However, the photogenerated electron-hole pair recombination rate of bismuth ferrite is high, and the carrier efficiency is low, which leads to the weakening of photocatalytic activity and limits its practical application. In this paper, based on the overview of the structure and photocatalytic mechanism of bismuth ferrite,the mechanism and research progress of bismuth ferrite modification methods such as precious metal deposition, semiconductor compounding, and metal ion doping are emphaticallyreviewed, and the future research directions of bismuth ferrite photocatalysts are discussed.

Abstract:Epoxy resin (EP) was compounded with cardanol modified phenalkamine curing agent and graphene was doped into epoxy resin to prepare anticorrosive coating. The prepared anticorrosive coating was coated on the substrate tinplate to obtain a coating possessing both excellent mechanical properties and corrosion resistance. The surface morphology, curing time, gloss, adhesion, impact resistance, hardness, flexibility and corrosion resistance of the coating were tested. The results showed that the cardanol modified phenalkamine can achieve the excellent mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of the traditional low-grade fatty amine curing agent, and with the increase of graphene content, the coating anticorrosion performance was improved accordingly. The prepared coating containing 25% cardanol modified phenalkamine and 6% graphene paste exhibited the best performance, the average thickness of the coating is 120±10μm, the hardness is 2H, the adhesion is 1 level, the corrosion current density is 8.482×10-6 A/cm2 and the corrosion rate is 6.593×10-2 mm/year.

Abstract:Abstract：The hydrothermal reaction method is used to react the melamine suspensionat 200 ℃ to produce an intermediate product.The intermediate product is then calcined to directly produce a two-dimensional Graphite phase carbon nitride g-C3N4 nanosheet (WCN), which is stripped from the bulk g-C3N4 (CN) and the g-C3N4 nanosheets (OCN) obtained by the traditional thermal oxygen method were compared.The catalysts were characterized by SEM, XRD, FTIR,Raman,AFM and PL instruments, and the photoelectrochemical and photocatalytic properties of the catalysts were discussed.The results show that both methods achieve CN peeling.The two-dimensional nanosheets of WCN and OCN have the same crystal structure and composition as CN. The specific surface areas of WCN and OCN are 4 and 3 times that of CN, respectively.Photoelectrochemical analysis shows that WCN has better carrier migration and separation efficiency, and has better photocatalytic activity.Under visible light, the photocatalytic degradation rate of methylene blue (MB) by WCN reached 82 %, which was 2.4 and 6.7 times that of OCN and CN, respectively. The photocatalytic degradation process conforms to the first-order kinetic equation.WCN has excellent stability and reusability.

Abstract:In order to improve the stability of nano-silver antibacterial agent during storage and transportation for prolonging the product validity, the nano-silver solution prepared by using benzalkonium bromide as protective agent and sodium borohydride as reductant was stored under different temperature, UV light irradiation and distinctive initial pH. UV-Vis and dynamic light scattering were used to measure the influence of these environmental factors on nano-silver particle size and Zeta potential. The results indicated the stability of nano-sliver decreased and the micelle trended to aggregation with storage temperature ascending. UV irradiation resulted in larger particle size but smaller absolute values of Zeta potential of nano-sliver solution. Higher initial pH of nano-silver had negative effect on the stability but lower pH benefited for the process. In short, reducing temperature, shielded from light and acidification could improve nano-silver stability. This study would provide reference for selecting appropriate technology parameters and materials during nano-silver manufacturing, transporting and storing.

Abstract:The surface tensions and foam properties of myristoyl β-alanine and myristoyl taurine were studied by using Wilhelmy plate method and Foam scan, respectively. The effects of inorganic and tetraalkylammonium salts on the foam properties of myristoyl β-alanine sodium (MAS) and myristoyl taurine sodium (MTS) were characterized. The results showed that: first, the critical micelle concentration (CMC) of myristoyl β-alanine potassium is higher than myristoyl β-alanine sodium, whereas the order is reversed for myristoyl taurine salts with sodium and potassium as the counterion; The counterion effects on the foam properties of myristoyl β-alanine were not obvious; The foamability of myristoyl taurine potassium was weaker than that of sodium salt, but the foam stability was higher than that of sodium salt. The added salt (except TBAB) can significantly enhance the foam stability of both MAS and MTS. The ion specific effects on the foam properties is related to headgroup types. The ion specific effect of MTS/salt system is stronger than that of MAS/salt system, and the foam stability reaches the peak value with added potassium ions, while the defoaming property of MTS/TBAB is the most significant.

Abstract:In order to prepared a green emulsifier product. Dodecenyl succinic acid cyclodextrin ester (DDS-β-CD) was successfully prepared from dodecenly succinic anhydride (DDSA) and β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) by wet process. The structure of DDS-β-CD was confirmed by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) showed that the thermal stability of DDS-β-CD was lower than that of β-CD. However, the initial decomposition temperature was still as high as 225 ℃, which can meet its application in food, daily chemical and microcapsules. When the degree of substitution of DDS-β-CD was greater than 0.198, the transmittance of the sample with 6% mass fraction aqueous solution could still reach more than 97%. The hydrophile lipophilic balance (HLB) of DDS-β-CD with substitution degree of 0.295 was 16.520, indicating that it had foaming ability and emulsifying ability. The foam stability was better than 79.08%. The emulsifying properties for vegetable oil and liquid paraffin were 991 s and 545 s, respectively. When the DDS-β-CD mass fraction was 0.5%, the initial average particle size of the vegetable oil-in-water emulsion was 4.42 μm, and the emulsion had good stability.

Abstract:Ag/E-CDs/Fe3O4 compounds (ECIA) were synthesized by hydrothermal and photocatalytic two-step process using FeCl3, urea and AgNO3 as raw materials and carbon quantum dots as reducing agent. Carbon quantum dots derived from eggshell membrane (E-CDs) contained abundant water-soluble groups such as COOH, OH and NH2, E-CDs/Fe3O4 was firstly prepared by the rich functional groups of CDs. Ag particles were further deposited onto the surface of E-CDs/Fe3O4 under the light illumination. The products were characterized by XRD、FTIR、SEM、TEM and photoluminescence (PL). The catalytic reduction properties of the as-synthesized Ag/E-CDs/Fe3O4 compound (ECIA) were investigated using 4-nitrophenol as a probe pollutant in water. The effects of silver content, catalytic dose and concentration on 4-NP reduction were investigated. The results showed that the cooperation of E-CDs/Fe3O4 and Ag particles enhance the catalytic activity of catalyst and the excessive increase of silver content will lead to the decrease of reaction rate and material activity. ECIA-2 sample prepared using 2 mg of AgNO3 dosage was optimal, and the reduction and degradation of 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) was in accordance with the first-order kinetic reaction, and ki was 0.6441 min-1.

Abstract:The effects of different active metals, loads, carriers and reaction conditions on the competitive reaction of styrene oxide in catalytic hydrogenation system were studied. The catalytic systems of Pd/Al2O3、Ni/Al2O3、Pt/Al2O3、Pd/MgO-Al2O3 and Pd/AC were selected as the research objects. XRD, H2-TPD,BET,XPS and catalytic evaluation were used to investigate the correlation between catalysts and competitive reactions. It was found that in Pd catalysis system, higher reaction temperature can promote hydrogenation of oxidized styrene, but higher temperature is more favorable for isomerization into phenylacetaldehyde and further condensation reaction. When Pd0.5/MgO-Al2O3 is used as catalytic hydrogenation system and the reaction temperature is 100℃℃~200℃℃ , the conversion rate of oxidized styrene is greater than 95%, the selectivity of target product 2-phenylethanol is greater than 85%, and the selectivity of phenylacetaldehyde and its condensate is less than 15%.

Abstract:The palladium-catalyzed desulfitation Heck coupling reaction of sodium arylsulfinates with acrylates in weak polar solvent using silver hexafluoroantimonate as additive to synthesize cinnamates was realized. The structures of products were characterized by 1HNMR, 13CNMR and HRMS. The results showed that silver hexafluoroantimonate activated the palladium catalyst and promoted the desulfitation Heck coupling reaction between sodium arylsulfinates and acrylates in toluene. The yields of the products in air atmosphere were higher than those in oxygen or nitrogen atmosphere. The analysis of reaction mechanism revealed that oxygen was not conducive to the triphenylphosphine ligand-involved regeneration process of the palladium catalyst, but was beneficial to the regeneration of copper acetate oxidant.

Abstract:To better develop silver nanoparticles with good physicochemical properties and bioactivities. Mulberry leaves silver nanoparticles (ML-AgNPs) were prepared from aqueous mulberry leaves extracts (MLE) by green synthesis method. The factors affecting the formation of ML-AgNPs such as concentration of AgNO3 solution, reaction temperature, volume ratio of MLE solution to AgNO3 solution, pH of MLE solution and reaction time were investigated. The products were characterized by UV-Vis, SEM and FTIR. The antimicrobial activities of ML-AgNPs were assessed by determining the inhibition zone and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values, and their anticancer activities were evaluated by cell cytotoxicity assay. The results showed that the optimal conditions for the synthesis of ML-AgNPs were as follows: AgNO3 concentration 5.0 mmol/L, V(MLE)∶V(AgNO3 solution)=1∶5, reaction temperature 35 ℃, pH of MLE solution 11.0, and reaction time 6 h. Under the above-mentioned conditions, the synthesized ML-AgNPs were spherical with an average particle size (48.78 ± 0.39) nm and low surface potential (-27.8 ± 2.00) mV. Compared with MLE, ML-AgNPs showed excellent antimicrobial activities against E. coli, P. aeruginosa, S. aureus, B. subtilis and C. albicans with corresponding MIC values of 12.50, 25.00, 25.00, 100.00 and 100.00 mg/L. Moreover, ML-AgNPs exhibited good anticancer activities against Hela, HepG2 and MCF-7 cell lines with IC50 of 60.63, 26.98 and 18.65 mg/L, respectively.

Abstract:The technology of degreasing and removing miscellaneous protein in chicken feet by ultrasonic extraction was studied using degreasing rate, collagen loss and effect of removing miscellaneous protein as evaluation index. The hydroxyproline, proline and glycine of chicken feet after and before treatment were determined by HPLC. The effects of V(petroleum ether)∶V(ethanol)=1∶1/NaCl solution method, alkaline lipase solution method and NaOH solution method on the degreasing rate were investigated. Furthermore, the solid-liquid ratio and ultrasonic time/times were optimized. It was found that V(petroleum ether)∶V(ethanol)=1∶1/NaCl solution method showed the highest degreasing rate, followed by alkaline lipase solution method, while NaOH solution method showed the highest collagen loss. Then, a two-step treatment method of V(petroleum ether)∶V(ethanol)=1∶1/ alkaline lipase solution was designed and the optimized process was as follows: in the first step, V(petroleum ether)∶V(ethanol)=1∶1, solid-liquid ratio 1∶4 (g/mL), ultrasonic extraction for 3 times, each time using the new solvent ultrasonic 10 min; in the second step, 0.05 mol/L NaOH solution with mass fraction of 2.5% lipase (pH=8), solid-liquid ratio 1∶2 (g/mL), consecutive ultrasonic time 40 min. Under these optimum conditions, the degreasing rate was 96.48%, and the collagen loss was 9.31%. Besides, the proportions of hydroxyproline, proline and glycine in chicken feet by the two-step treatment method were similar to those in the gelatine extracted by hot water from the chicken feet after degreasing.

Abstract:An electrolyte separator based on the blending of three polymers of polyethylene oxide (PEO)/thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU)/polyvinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene (PVDF-HFP) was prepared by phase inversion method. It was soaked in electrolyte which contains 1 mol /L lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF6) ethylene carbonate (EC): dimethyl carbonate (DMC): ethyl methyl carbonate (EMC) = 1:1:1 to form a new type of gel polymer electrolyte (GPE). Characterized by SEM, FTIR, XRD, TG, DSC, tensile properties and electrochemical properties. The results showed that the membrane with a polymer ratio of 3:1:4 has a uniform porous morphology, the crystalline peak area is the lowest, the tensile strength reaches 15MPa, and the ion conductivity is 7.9?10^(-3) S?cm，, the best overall performance. The separator with a polymer ratio of 3:1:4 was assembled into a CR2032 button battery for battery cycle performance testing. The results showed that the charge-discharge specific capacity of the battery reached 164 mAh/g and 161 mWh/g at 0.2 C, After 150 cycles, the discharge specific capacity can still be maintained at about 152 mAh/g, and the Coulomb efficiency remains above 97%, making it an excellent battery material.

Abstract:Different from the commonly liquid phase in-situ polymerization method, the modified stepwise liquid phase in-situ polymerization method is used to make polyaniline grow uniformly on the carbon fiber paper substrate. The effects of the ratio of carbon fiber to aramid pulp, the amount of initiator and aniline, and the dipping time and reaction time on the conductive properties of polyaniline-carbon fiber conductive paper were investigated. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used to observe the microscopic morphology of conductive paper, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and electron microscopy energy spectrum analysis (EDS) were used to characterize their surface structure and element changes. The results show that when the ratio of carbon fiber to aramid pulp is 2:8; the amount of initiator is 0.375 mol/l; the molar ratio of aniline to hydrochloric acid is 2:1; the reaction time is 12 h and the dipping time is 1 min. relative to the carbon fiber base paper (CP), the volume resistivity of the conductive paper (PANI-CP) prepared by the stepwise liquid phase in-situ polymerization method is 0.184 Ω?cm, the conductivity is improved by 71.4%, and the tensile index is 22.993 N? m/g, physical strength increased by 14.1%; and relative to conductive paper (L-PANI-CP) prepared by liquid phase in-situ polymerization method, the electrical conductivity increased by 46.2%, and the total color difference DE decreased by 66.0%

Abstract:In order to solve the problem of heavy metal pollution, the gel was formed by crosslinking sodium alginate with calcium ion, and the gel was prepared into ultralight sponge by vacuum freeze-drying. The experimental results showed that the natural polysaccharide alginate dissolution process, the microstructure first gradually extended from the filamentous structure to the lamellar structure, while the alginate gel sponge formed a dense porous structure and the microstructure changed. The cross-linking ratio of sodium alginate to calcium chloride is 1:1, the specific surface area of the resulting gel reaches 2.1543 m2/g. The saturated adsorption capacity of alginate hydrogel to Cu2 and Pb2 reached 29.2 and 90.22 mg/g at pH=3, respectively. The maximum adsorption of Cu2 and Pb2 reached 87.7 and 240.8 mg/g. When the adsorbent addition amount was 50 mg. When the adsorption temperature is 40 ℃, the adsorption capacity of Cu2 and Pb2 reaches the maximum, and the adsorption capacity is 29.4 and 89.6 mg/g. The adsorption rate experiments showed that equilibrium adsorption of Cu2 and Pb2 was achieved at 50 min with adsorption capacity of 30.2 and 89.7 mg/g.

Abstract:Polyethyleneimine-modified magnetic bentonite(PEI/MB) was prepared by grafting polyethyleneimine(PEI) on the surface of magnetic bentonite(MB), characterized by FTIR、VSM、XRD、TGA、SEM and EDS, its adsorption performance of Pb2 and Cu2 in aqueous solution was studied. The results showed that polyethyleneimine was successfully grafted onto the surface of magnetic bentonite and effectively increased its adsorption capacity for Pb2 and Cu2 ; the initial pH of the solution has a great influence on the adsorption capacity, and as the pH increase, the adsorption capacity increase. At pH=5, the initial concentration of the solution is 300mg/L, and the actual adsorption capacity of PEI/MB for Pb2 and Cu2 is 96.21mg/g and 61.08mg/g respectively; The adsorption process is more in line with the quasi-second-order kinetic model, and the adsorption behavior is more in line with the Langmuir adsorption isotherm model,which is a spontaneous endothermic process.After 5 cycles of recycling, the adsorption capacity remaine above 60%, indicating that PEI/MB has certain reusability. Studies have shown that polyethyleneimine-modified magnetic bentonite is a potential adsorbent for the removal of heavy metals from wastewater.

Abstract:Carrageenan (KC), ammonium polyphosphate (APP) was compounded with four metal oxides (MO) Fe2O3, CuO, Al2O3, MnO2, respectively to obtain synergistic flame retardants (KC/MO/APP), thenNR/KC/MO/APP composites were prepared by adding KC/MO/APP into NR. The flame retardancy of the composites was tested by limit oxygen index (LOI),vertical combustion (UL-94) and cone calorimetry (CCT). The results showed that the UL-94 of NR/KC/MO/APP reached the V-0 level,and the LOI was between 26.5% and 27.3%,showing a good flame retardant effect.The peak heat release (pHRR) and total heat release (THR) of NR/KC/CuO/APP decreased by 63.7% and 42.0% compared with that of NR. At the same time,KC/MO/APP also has a smoke suppression effect, the total smoke release (TSP) of NR /KC/Fe2O3/APP composites is the lowest, which is 35% lower than that of natural rubber. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) test results show that the NR/KC/CuO/APP composite’s W800 reaches 34.85%, which is 28.7% higher than NR/APP. The analysis of residual carbon by SEM found that the carbon layer of the NR/KC/MO/APP system is denser, which shows that the synergistic effect of KC/MO and APP plays an important role in forming a stable carbon layer.Through DMA and mechanical property tests,it is found that the mechanical properties of NR/KC/MnO2 /APP are the best.Compared with NR/APP, the tensile strength and elongation at break are increased by 32.6% and 20.9%, this indicates that the addition of MnO2 can supplement the mechanical properties loss caused by the flame retardant to NR.

Abstract:According to the performance requirements of sand-fixing on the surface of toner paper, butyl acrylate (BA) and isooctyl methacrylate (EHMA) are soft monomers, and methyl acrylate (MA) and methyl methacrylate (MMA) are hard The monomer, hydroxypropyl acrylate (HPA) is a crosslinking monomer, and methacrylic acid (MAA) and glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) are functional monomers. A semi-continuous seed emulsion polymerization method was used to prepare an aqueous acrylic resin emulsion (WSAE-G) with a core-shell structure. Use it as a binder and film-forming agent for sand-fixing on the surface of toner paper. The effect of the amount of GMA on the particle size, stability and viscosity of the emulsion was discussed. The polymer structure was analyzed using Fourier infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and thermal weight loss analyzer (TSC). The size and morphology of emulsion latex particles were characterized by dynamic light scattering (DLS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). A universal material testing machine is used to test the mechanical properties of the film. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) test was performed on the surface of sand-fixed products. The results show that when the amount of GMA is 1 wt%, the emulsion particle size is 142.4 nm, the PDI is 0.063, the emulsion dispersion stability index TSI is 0.162287, and the TEM shows a clear core-shell structure. At the same time, the tensile strength of the GMA film without addition increases from 5.518MPa to 9.057MPa. After being applied as a sand-fixing agent on the surface of toner paper, the binding force between the layers of the toner paper is 244.9 J/m2, the emulsion bonding strength is large, and it is not easy to fall off the sand. The SEM image shows that the formed sand-fixing layer is more uniform and has better matteness.

Abstract:A type of triazinyl aminostilbene fluorescent brighteners (FBs) contains ultraviolet absorption groups has been synthesized by three-step nucleophilic substitution reaction, then use FBs, styrene, Dimethyldiallyl ammonium chloride (DMDAAC) or methyl acryloyloxyethyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (DMC) as polymerization units and ammonium persulfate - sodium bisulfite as initiator to graft copolymerization with gelatinized starch to prepared two kinds of starch graft copolymerization amphoteric fluorescent emulsions (ST-DMDAAC-FBs / ST-DMC-FBs). The structure and properties of products were characterized by 1H-NMR, FT-IR, UV-vis and fluorescence spectra. The physical properties of papers before and after coating by fluorescent emulsion were tested by tensile strength, contact angle, ultraviolet aging test and SEM. The results showed that the tensile strength of ST-DMDAAC-FBS and ST-DMC-FBS increased by 43.1% and 39.7% respectively, the whiteness increased by 15.52% and 15.28% ISO, and the yellow return value decreased by 1.88 and 1.75. The results showed that ST-DMDAAC-FBS and ST-DMC-FBS could both improve papers strength and anti-yellowing, but ST-DMDAAC-FBS had better effect on paper.

Abstract:A C-SiO2/polyacrylamide (PAM)/ polyethylenimine (PEI) gel system was constructed using cetyltrimethylammonium bromide modified SiO2 (C-SiO2) as reinforcing agent, and its temperature resistance, salt resistance and long-term stability were investigated in simulated reservoir environment. The results showed that C-SiO2/PAM/PEI could not form gel under acidic environment, while its gelation time decreased and gel strength increased at pH≥7. The gelation time reduced from 20 h to 1 h and the gel strength reached to grade I with the rising temperature from 30 ℃ to 120 ℃. In addition, The gelation time of C-SiO2/PAM/PEI was postponed from 3 h to 5 d and the gel strength reduced from grade I to G when the salinity of NaCl solution increased from 0 mg/L to 100000 mg/L. Under the condition of 120 ℃, pH = 9, NaCl solution with salinity of 70,000 mg/L, C-SiO2/PAM/PEI gel system had ultimate strength of grade H, apparent viscosity of 600000 mPa·s, and maintain more than 360 d without dehydration, with good long-term stability. The results showed that C-SiO2 and PAM molecules could form hydrogen bonds, which forms more compact 3D network structure, thus improved the water-holding capacity of C-SiO2/PAM/PEI. In addition, the strength of C-SiO2 improved the strength, temperature resistance and long-term stability of the gel system.

Abstract:Physicochemical properties of four different sodium lignosulfonates were studied through FTIR, elemental analysis and GPC. Meanwhile, these lignosulfonates were used to synergistically modify soybean adhesives with polyamideamine-epichlorohydrin. Then, the wettability and rheological properties of the adhesive, as well as the wet bonding strength of the resulting plywood were investigated. As displayed in FTIR spectra of different sodium lignosulfonate, a peak corresponding to S=O of sulfonic group appeared at 1065 cm-1. With higher content of sulfonic groups in the sodium lignosulfonate, zero shear viscosity of the modified soybean adhesive was lower and its wettability on the surface of wood was better, of which the contact angle decreased from 95 ° to 61 °. The wet bonding strength of plywood made using soybean adhesive modified with liquid sodium lignosulfonates and polyamideamine-epichlorohydrin reached 0.92 MPa with 100% percent of pass, which met the national standard for type II plywood (≥0.70 MPa，≥90%).

Abstract:A series of 2-disubstituted benzothiazole were synthesized via cyclization coupling of o-aminothiophenol and aromatic aldehyde in the deep eutectic solvents (DESs), which was made up of choline chloride and acetamide. The best yield of 98% were achieved through 0.3 mmol of o-aminothiophenol and 0.36 mmol of aromatic aldehyde at 70 ℃ for 1 h in deep eutectic solvent, when the molar ratio of choline chloride and acetamide was 1:2. The DESs method does not need additional catalyst, which has the advantages of mild reaction conditions, simple operations and wide ranges of substrates. In addition, the yield of product can still keep up to 90% after the DESs were reused for 4 cycles in the model reaction.