Abstract:The waste tire is a harmful solid waste to the environment. Pyrolysis technology has been widely used among the existing recycling technologies, which can effectively recover pyrolysis oil, carbon black (CBp), steel wire, etc. Compared with the commercially used pyrolysis oil and steel wire, pyrolysis carbon black contains 17% ash and gum layer and its high-value utilization is the key to realize the recycling of waste tires. Many researchers have investigated different modification treatment processes of pyrolysis carbon black, demonstrating that the modified CBp can be applied in many fields. Herein, this work reviews the recent research progress of modified CBp, including the reinforcement application of pyrolysis in rubber production, the activated carbon-based adsorbents, battery materials, and asphalt and ink fillers, and summarizes the treatment of pyrolysis carbon black in the above application fields. The research trends of modification methods for high-value recycling of pyrolytic CBp are also discussed in this paper.

Abstract:Nitrate (NO3-) is a common pollutant in water bodies, which can cause various damages when entering the human body. Zero-valent iron (ZVI), as an active metal, has been widely used for the reduction of NO3- due to its high efficiency, non-toxicity, low cost and abundant sources. Although ZVI has high removal efficiency for nitrate, the main product of NO3- reduction by traditional ZVI method is NH4+, which will cause secondary pollution to water bodies. And because the iron oxide formed during the reaction will inhibit electron transfer, ZVI is difficult to maintain high reactivity for a long time, and has a high dependence on pH. By developing or improving existing ZVI composite materials, and coupled with microbial processes, etc., the pH limit on the reaction and the ratio of NH4+ in the reduction product can be reduced, and its denitrification performance can be further optimized and improved. This is the current and future key research direction. This paper focuses on summarizing the effect and removal mechanism of ZVI on NO3-, expounds the effects of physical and chemical properties, pH, temperature, dissolved oxygen and other factors on the chemical denitrification efficiency of ZVI, and covers various performance enhancement measures for the reduction of nitrate by ZVI . Finally, the problems that need to be paid attention to in the actual denitrification of ZVI materials are summarized, and the future development prospects of ZVI materials are discussed and prospected.

Abstract:In recent years, with the increasing harm brought by petroleum based polymers and the proposal of the concepts of "carbon peak" and "carbon neutralization", cellulose microspheres, as a new bio based material, have become a new research hotspot because of their stable chemical properties, large specific surface area, good biocompatibility, wide application fields and low cost, and are expected to be widely used in pollutant adsorption Biotechnology, pharmaceutical engineering, medical engineering and other fields. However, cellulose microspheres also have some disadvantages such as difficult to control accurately and harsh drying conditions. Based on the research of cellulose microspheres in recent years, the preparation mechanism of cellulose microspheres was introduced, the influence of modification methods on the different functions of cellulose microspheres was explored, the common applications of cellulose microspheres were summarized, and the development trend of cellulose microspheres in the future was reviewed.

Abstract:Collagen is an essential macromolecular protein in animals and the extracellular protein involved in the mechanical protection of animal tissues and organs. As the focus of attention in the collagen industry in recent years, the shortcomings of traditional protein extraction methods in terms of extraction rate and environmental protection are gradually emerging. In this review, the effects of molecule composition, types, sources, and pretreatment methods on collagen extraction processes are summarized. The effects of raw materials, traditional extraction processes (acids, bases, enzymes) on collagen yield and function are compared. The current status of aquatic collagen applications in food quality, food preservation, pharmaceuticals and the industrial feasibility of new collagen extraction methods (subcritical water, supercritical fluid extraction) are analysed. The aim of this study is to provide theoretical support for the high value utilisation of aquatic resources by proposing a "physical/biological-acid-composite enzyme" process optimisation scheme for aquatic collagen, which has a low protein extraction efficiency and a high impact on the structure of raw materials.

Abstract:Hydrogen has received extensive attention due to its high energy density and non-polluting combustion products. Hydrogen production in a clean and efficient way has become the research focus. Photovoltaic-electrolysis, photocatalytic, and photoelectrocatalytic water splitting can utilize abundant solar energy and water to generate hydrogen, which are promising hydrogen production technologies. Electrochemical reaction is the key step in the water splitting process, which directly determines the energy conversion efficiency of the whole system. Most of the previous studies focused on the development of catalytic materials. The influence of the electrolyte characters on the electrolytic performance was always neglected. Therefore, the effects and significance of electrolytes on water splitting are discussed in this review. According to the basic principles of water splitting, the influence of the electrolyte pH value and ion composition on the surface catalytic reaction and mass transfer was discussed. The fine tuning of the electrolyte will affect the reactions at the solid-liquid interface, and potentially improve the energy conversion efficiency and stability in different water-splitting systems. It is expected that this work will help to build efficient water splitting systems and provides useful guidance for the large-scale applications.

Abstract:Silicon has become an important anode material to improve energy density for lithium-ion batteries due to its higher theoretical specific capacity, low intercalation potential and abundance on earth. However, large volume expansion effect and low electrical conductivity of silicon material impede its further industrial application. In view of these problems facing the development of silicon anodes, this paper focuses on the review of Si surface modification, including surface coating, functionalization, and artificial solid electrolyte interface. These surface modification strategies and their improvement mechanism of electrochemical properties are analyzed, and the further development of silicon surface modification technology is briefly prospected in order to develop the key silicon anode materials for high energy density power lithium-ion batteries.

Abstract:β-Galactosidase (?β-Gal) is a glycoside hydrolase in cellular lysosomes. It plays a crucial role in hydrolyzing glycoside bonds and even maintaining normal life activities. The development of methods that can accurately and quickly identify β-Gal activity is indispensable for the early diagnosis of ovarian cancer and cellular senescence-causing diseases and the intensive research of molecular biology. Considering the good sensitivity, rapid response, and high temporal and spatial resolution of fluorescent probes, this review summarizes the research progresses on β-Gal fluorescence probes reported in recent years and their effects of disease diagnosis, the molecular design strategies and application characteristics of β-Gal fluorescence probes based on ICT, FRET, AIE, and PET fluorescence-signal transduction mechanisms, and highlights the two-dimensional detection system can break through the limitation of single signal transduction mechanism for probe detection. In summary, rational application of fluorescence mechanism for constructing β-Gal fluorescent probes with high sensitivity, spatial resolution, good chemical stability and strong cell accumulation capacity can advance the highly efficient applications of β-Gal fluorescent probes in biomedical fields, such as diagnosis and therapeutic evaluation of ovarian cancer, cellular senescence assessment, and individual life-span prediction.

Abstract:Quantitative detection of heparin is of great significance to ensure the safe use of heparin in the clinic. In this paper, a self-assembled fluorescent sensor for rapid detection of heparin was fabricated throughSelectrostatic complexation of chitosan quaternary ammonium salt with 4-(1,2,2-triphenylethenyl) benzoic acid (TPE-COOH), which has aggregation-induced emission (AIE). After the complex encountered heparin, chitosan quaternary ammonium salt preferentially combined to heparin with high negative charge density, and then released the AIE luminogens, resulting in a decrease in the fluorescence intensity of the complex. Therefore, the quantitative detection of heparin was achieved. The results showed that the detection limit of this method was 0.0393 mg/L, and the detection range was 0-14 mg/L. The obtained fluorescent sensor not only had the characteristics of simple preparation, sensitive response, and high selectivity but also had the degradability and biocompatibility of natural polymers.

Abstract:Fe3O4 nanoparticles were dispersed in eucommia ulmoides gum (EUG) matrix by mechanical machining to prepare magnetic and thermal dual response shape memory Fe3O4/EUG composites. The relationship between the content of Fe3O4 nanoparticles and the magnetic heating rate, response shape recovery, dispersion of Fe3O4 nanoparticles and mechanical properties of Fe3O4 nanoparticles were investigated. The results showed that Fe3O4 aggregated slightly in the EUG matrix when Fe3O4 nanoparticles are added over 30 phr. Fe3O4 has a reinforcing effect, and the mechanical properties of Fe3O4/EUG composites are improved at high temperature (Tm+20 ℃). The tensile strength of Fe3O4/EUG-50 is 47% higher than that of EUG. By DMA test, the fixation rate and recovery rate of Fe3O4/EUG composites were over 98% after three cycles. The Fe3O4/EUG composites could realize rapid non-contact heating with the increase of Fe3O4 addition in the induction magnetic field, and the shape recovery can be achieved within 12 s.

Abstract:Taking advantage of the feature that dialdehyde xylan (DAX) can react with carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS) and silver ammonia solution at the same time, that is, the aldehyde group of DAX reacts with the amino group of CMCS to form an imine bond, and at the same time, A large number of aldehyde groups contained in DAX undergo a silver mirror reaction with silver ammonia solution, and silver nanoparticles (SNPs) are quickly reduced at room temperature. Carboxymethyl chitosan-nanoparticles with excellent antibacterial properties were prepared by one-pot method. Silver antibacterial hydrogel. Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) with good biocompatibility was added and a double network structure interpenetrating with CMCS was formed by freeze-thaw method, which further improved the structural stability of the hydrogel. The morphology and structure of DAX, SNPs and hydrogels were characterized by FTIR, thermogravimetric, TEM, XRD and SEM. The results showed that DAX played a very effective bifunctional role in the whole reaction, and successfully reacted with CMCS and PVA to form a hydrogel with a double network structure, thereby improving the mechanical properties of the hydrogel. At the same time, DAX reduces the SNPs in the silver ammonia solution, and the particle size is between 20-80 nm, which has good dispersibility, thereby significantly improving the antibacterial properties of the hydrogel. The hydrogels prepared herein have potential applications in wound dressings.

Abstract:Solar thermal fuels can harvest and store solar energy through the conversion of molecular conformation in a closed circulation system and release energy in the form of heat on demand. In this paper, a series of isotactic azobenzene-based polyethers (azopolyethers) with main-chain chirality were synthesized via highly enantioselective resolution polymerization of racemic azobenzene-containing epoxides. The thermal properties, photoisomerization, and energy-storage properties of these resultant azopolyethers as a new generation of solar thermal fuels were investigated in detail. These isotactic-enriched azopolyethers with trans-azobenzene moieties were found to be semicrystalline materials with melting temperatures in the range of 230-259 ℃ and crystallization temperature within the scope of 197-219 ℃. The azobenzene groups in the polyethers exhibited reversible trans-to-cis and cis-to-trans photoisomerization upon irradiation with light. Due to the crystallization characteristic of isotactic polyethers, their energy storage densities are significantly higher than that of the corresponding amorphous polyethers, and the maximum energy storage density is up to 193.7 J/g. This provides a new idea for the research of polymer energy storage materials.

Abstract:In this paper, a transparent photonic crystal film was designed with tunable mechanochromic properties. The monodispersed SiO2 colloids were self-assembled to form 3D opal photonic crystals and then embedded in elastomeric PDMS to generate the photonic crystal film. The structure and optical properties of photonic crystal films were characterized by SEM, fiber optical spectrometer and digital camera, and their applications in anti-counterfeiting was studied. The results showed that the transparent photonic crystal film exhibited an obvious structural color upon stretching, and the color experienced a continuous blue shift with the increase of tensile strain. Moreover, the photonic crystal film can back to its original state reversibly upon releasing. Even after 100 cycles of stretching and releasing, the photonic crystal film still maintained stable optical properties. Through the patterned design of the photonic crystal film, the hidden pattern of photonic crystal film could be revealed and disappeared quickly by applying or withdrawing the tension, which has broad application prospects in the field of anti-counterfeiting.

Abstract:N-coconut-1,3-propylbisguanidine acetate (CPGA) was synthesized from N-coconut-1,3-propyldiamine (CPDA), cyanamide and acetic acid. The product was characterized by FT-IR and MALDI-TOF MS. The stabilities, wettabilities, emulsification abilities, foam properties, detergency performances and bacteriostatic activities of CPGA compounded with three anionic surfactants (fatty alcohol carboxylate AEC9-Na, sodium lauryl polyoxyethylene (3) ether sulfate AES, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate LAS) and two non-ionic surfactants (fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether AEO9, C12~14 alkyl polyglucoside APG1214) were studied. The results showed that the AEC9-Na/CPGA compounded system was transparent, which exhibited the excellent wettability, emulsification ability, foam property, detergency performance and bacteriostatic activity，especially the bacteriostatic rate of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli reached 75% and 91% at the concentration of 0.02 g/L, superior to the other four compounded systems. Therefore, the AEC9-Na/CPGA compounded system had a good development prospect in antibacterial detergents.

Abstract:In order to research the properties of long-chain amidopropyl sulfobetaines, three kinds of long alkyl chain amidopropyl sulfobetaines were prepared from methyl stearate, methyl oleate, 11-(3,4-dimethyl-phenyl)-stearic acid methyl ester, 3-dimethylaminopropylamine and 1,3-propane sultone by two-step reaction, and the structures were confirmed by 1HNMR and mass spectrometry through the surface tension, salt resistance, foam performance, oil-water interfacial tension performance tests, it is found that the three long alkyl chain amidopropyl sulfobetaines have good surface/interface activity, foam stability, emulsifying ability, resistance ability to salts; introducing aralkyl groups into long alkyl chains enhanced the surface activity of 11-(3,4-Dimethyl-phenyl)-octadecylamidopropyl-N,N-dimethylsulfobetaine (C18DAMSB), the critical micelle concentration and surface tension were 1.57×10-5 mol/L and 28.98 mN/m, both lower than oleic acid amidopropyl sulfobetaine (UC18AMP3SB) and stearic acid amidopropyl sulfobetaine (R18DMSA); the double bond in the hydrophobic chain of UC18AMP3SB makes its salt tolerance better than C18DAMSB and R18DMSA.

Abstract:Ginseng polysaccharide was extracted from ginseng under ultrasound, with ionic liquid as extraction solvent. The technical conditions were investigated based on single factor and orthogonal tests. The total sugar content in ginseng polysaccharide was determined by phenol sulfuric acid method. Meanwhile, compared with ascorbic acid, the antioxidant activity of ginseng polysaccharide was evaluated by scavenging DPPH free radical, hydroxyl free radical and ABTS free radical. The optimal extraction conditions of ginseng polysaccharide were shown as follows: the mass concentration of 1-hexyl-3- methylimidazolium bromide solution was 8 g/L which was used as extraction solvent, material-to-liquid ratio (ratio of ginseng to aqueous solution of ionic liquid)of 1:40 (g：mL), extratction time of about 30 min and extraction temperature at 80 ℃. The extraction amount of ginseng polysaccharide reached 172.89 mg/g. The total sugar content (mass fraction) in ginseng polysaccharide was 65.9%. The monosaccharide composition of ginseng polysaccharide was determined by HPLC after further purification，the monosaccharide groups of ginseng polysaccharide are: mannose, ribose, galacturonic acid, glucose, galactose, arabinose and fucose, the mass ratio of them was 4.8∶6.43∶10.13∶15.71∶0.5∶4.3∶1.1. The ginseng polysaccharide exhibited a certain ability of scavenging DPPH free radical, hydroxyl free radical and ABTS free radical. The antioxidant activity increased with the increase of the concentration of ginseng polysaccharide, which was inferior to ascorbic acid.

Abstract:In order to explore the effect of solvent polarity on the composition of seabuckthorn residue extract and its hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic activity in vitro, seabuckthorn residue were used as raw materials. The content of active components in seabuckthorn residue and the hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic ability in vitro were evaluated. The active components in seabuckthorn residue were identified by UPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS. The results show that, solvent polarity had a significant effect on the extraction efficiency of polyphenols, hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic (P<0.05). The 60% ethanol extract had the highest yield of crude extract, and the 60% ethanol extract of fruit residue had the highest total phenol content (11.08 mg/g), total flavonoids content (6.49 mg/g) and proanthocyanidin content (6.18 mg/g). The total phenol content (25.70 mg/g) in 80% ethanol extract of seed residue was the highest, and the total flavonoids content (14.23 mg/g) and proanthocyanidins content (16.87 mg/g) in acetone extract were the highest. The acetone extracts from seabuckthorn fruit and seed residue had the best inhibitory activities of α-glucosidase and α-amylase. 80% ethanol extract from seed residue and 60% ethanol extract from fruit residue had the best combination ability of sodium glycinate and sodium taurocholate. Procyanidins are the main contributors to the activity of hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic in vitro. The total polyphenols in fruit residue extract were significantly correlated with the ability of hypolipidemic. A total of 37 compounds were identified from the extract of seabuckthorn residue, mainly flavonoids and terpenes. Seabuckthorn seed residue extract has strong hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic activities in vitro, and is expected to be used in the research and development of special food and functional food base materials.

Abstract:The polymer P(MMA-DMC) was synthesized from methyl methacrylate (MMA) and methyl acryloxyethyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (DMC) as raw materials. By the adsorption of P(MMA-DMC) on Rose red (RB), UCST(High critical dissolution temperature) type RB catalyst P(MMA-DMC)-RB was prepared. The UCST temperature and the stability of P(MMA-DMC)-RB dissolved in solution were determined. The catalytic activity and stability of P(MMA-DMC)-RB catalyzed the reaction of N-phenyltetrahydroisoquinoline derivatives with nitromethane were studied. The results show that when DMC content is 0.5%~2% (DMC content is calculated based on MMA content),UCST temperature is 35~42℃,After four dissolution-precipitation experiments of P(MMA-1%DMC)-RB, the recovery can still reach more than 93% of the first time. In the CDC(cross dehydrogenation coupling reaction) between N-phenyltetrahydroisoquinoline derivatives and nitromethane,P(MMA-1%DMC) -RB has a high catalytic activity, and its catalytic performance is comparable to that of conventional rose Red RB. The yield of N-phenyltetrahydroisoquinoline was more than 80% when the reaction temperature was 45 and the white 1W LED light source was used for 8h. Moreover, the UCST RB catalyst has good adaptability and stability. After 8 times of application, the yield of N-phenyltetrahydroisoquinoline compounds decreases from 90.2% to 77.9%.

Abstract:The influence of ZrO2/Al2O3 ratio on the catalytic performance of hydrogenolysis of glycerol over Pt supported on four-component oxides, namely WO3-TiO2-ZrO2-Al2O3 was systematically studied. The catalyst structure was characterized by several techniques such as BET, XRD, CO adsorption and pyridine adsorption FT-IR, and H2-TPR. The results suggested that introducing Al2O3 into the four-component oxides favors the dispersion of tetragonal phase ZrO2, on which highly dispersed Pt nanoparticles and monoclinic phase WO3 with strong metal-support interaction were formed. Thus formed structure benefits to the formation of Bronsted acid sites which improve the selectivity toward 1,3-propaneodiol. When ZrO2/Al2O3 was 9:1 in weight, the Pt/WO3-TiO2/ZrO2-Al2O3 catalyst showed 39% glycerol conversion and 1,3-PDO selectivity of 49% within 100 hours in a fixed-bed reactor.

Abstract:The catalytic performance of syngas to light olefins (STO) can be further enhanced by zeolite modification in bifunctional catalyst composed of metal oxide and zeolite. In this work, SAPO-34 zeolites were hydrothermally synthesized by modification of different metals Me (Ce, Zn, Zr) and various Zr doping contents, after physically mixed with GaZrOx metal oxide, the catalytic performance of prepared GaZrOx/SAPO-34 for STO was studied. XRD, TEM, SEM-EDS, BET, FT-IR, NH3-TPD and XPS were selected to characterize the zeolites. It is found that the synthesized SAPO-34 samples all possess CHA structure, the doping of Zr increased the relative crystallinity and reduced the particle sizes of the zeolites. When the doping content of Zr is 1.0% (n(ZrO2)：n(Al2O3) = 1 : 100), the synthesized 1.0%ZrSP-34 zeolite exhibits the smallest particle size, with an average particle size of 0.53 μm and a moderate amount of strong acid (1.34 mmol/g). The doping of 2% Zr results in the formation of ZrO2 on the surface of zeolite, covering the strong acid center. Compared with the unmodified SAPO-34 sample, the 1.0%ZrSP-34 prepared by doping of 1.0% Zr combined with GaZrOx enhanced the CO conversion from 14.2% to 21.2%, with the selectivity of light olefins improved from 71.0% to 82.4%, moreover, this catalyst shows almost no deactivation after a reaction time of 60 h.

Abstract:The optimal extraction parameter of anthocyanins from blueberry pomace was obtained by response surface optimization on the basis of single factor experiment, and the effects of different light condition and temperature on the stability of anthocyanins were investigated by constructing degradation kinetics model. The results showed that the optimal process of ultrasound-assisted enzymatic extraction was as follows: ethanol volume fraction 60%, liquid-solid ratio 40:1 (mL/g), enzymatic hydrolysis time 80 min, the yield of anthocyanins was 10.571±0.080 mg/g. The thermal degradation of anthocyanins under different light condition and temperature fitted the zero-order kinetic equation. The effects of UV light, light and dark condition on the stability of anthocyanins gradually decreased, The loss of anthocyanins was only 5.5% when stored at 4℃. In the range of 40~80℃, the thermal degradation rate of anthocyanins and the temperature coefficient (Q10) increased with the rise of temperature, the half-life is the opposite, the activation energy (Ea) was 46.6729 (kJ/mol). Moreover, the thermal degradation of anthocyanins is not spontaneous reaction according to thermodynamic parameters. The results of the study can provide reference for the efficient use of blueberry resources and the improvement of their application potential and value.

Abstract:The non-stoichiometric spinel Zn-Cr-Al oxide (ZCA-1.25) was prepared by co-precipitation method in order to develop a high activity and high yield bifunctional catalyst for synthesis of light olefin from syngas (STO), and its texture, crystal structure, morphology and surface charge properties were investigated. The results show that the addition of excessive zinc promotes the reduction of crystal grain size and the increase of surface oxygen vacancies. The zinc content is suitable when the Zn/(Cr+Al) mole ratio is 1.25, with high specific surface area and abundant oxygen vacancies, which is combined with SAPO-34 zeolite molecular sieve as a bifunctional catalyst to evaluate the catalytic performance of STO reaction directly. Under the reaction conditions of inlet n(H2):n(CO)=2:1, 3000 mL/(gcat·h), 3.2 MPa, 400 ℃, the CO conversion of 46.9% was achieved, and the light olefin yield was as high as 15.9%, higher than most of the existing literature reports (8~12%), especially the selectivity of by-product CO2 was only 29.2%, lower than the commonly reported 40~50% CO2 selectivity. It also provides an insight into inhibiting CO2 selectivity to improve the yield of target products. In addition, the catalyst has good activity and no carbon deposition after running for 100 h, therefore the stable catalytic performance makes it have the potential for industrial application.

Abstract:In order to improve the stability of guaiacol, a glycosylation reaction between 2, 3, 4, 6-tetra-O-acetyl-α-D-glucopyranosyl bromide (Ⅱ) and guaiacol(Ⅰ) led to guaiacol-2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-β-D-glucoside (Ⅲ) by silver salt method, phase transfer catalysis and ionic liquid method, respectively. Finally, guaiacol-β-D-glucoside (Ⅳ) was obtained by deacetylation of glucoside III. The structures of the intermediates and products were confirmed by 1HNMR, 13CNMR, IR and HRMS. The thermal stability of the target product (Ⅳ) was studied by thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry (TG-DSC). The flavoring effect of glycoside IV was investigated by sensory evaluation. The results show that glucoside Ⅲ synthesized by three above-mentioned methods was target product, ionic liquid method is better than phase transfer catalysis and silver salt method. The reaction conditions of ionic liquid method were as follows: 1-butyl-3-methylimidazole tetrafluoroborate ([bmim] BF4) as catalyst, anhydrous potassium carbonate as acid binding agent, dichloromethane as solvent, n (guaiacol) : n (bromotetraacetylglucose) = 1.0 :1.0, reaction at room temperature for 4 hours, and the yield of compound III was 52.6%. Compound III was deacetylated in sodium methoxide/methanol system to obtain the target product glycoside (Ⅳ). TG-DSC study showed that guaiacol- β- D-glucoside has good thermal stability below 228 ℃. Adding glycoside Ⅳ to cigarettes can improve the aroma quality.

Abstract:In order to solve the problems such as strong pungency and low bioavailability of 6-paradol, the 6-paradol-loaded nanoemulsion was prepared by high pressure homogenization technology. Tween 80 was used as the emulsifier, The effects mass ratio of colza oil content on the particle size、Zeta potential、free fatty acid release rate and bioaccessibility were investigated. The result showed that the particle size of nanoemulsion increased obviously with the increase of rapeseed oil content (p<0.05), but ζ-potential had no significant difference. When mass ratio of colza oil content was too small, that is, the emulsion was too sticky, the digestion rate of oil droplets was slowed down, but the extent of which was not be affected. With the increase of mass ratio of colza oil content, the improvement effect of bioaccessibility was better. The bioaccessibility of 6-paradol increased by 74.70% compared to the control group with mass ratio of colza oil content of 20%.

Abstract:The sodium caseinate-oat β-glucan conjugate was prepared by dry Maillard reaction with sodium caseinate (SC) and oat β-glucan (OG). Using single factor test, with the degree of grafting and degree of browning as evaluation indicators, the preparation conditions were studied, and the optimal reaction conditions of SC-OG conjugates were determined as follows: the ratio of SC and OG was 1:2, reaction temperature was 60 °C, reaction time was 24 h, reaction humidity was 78 %, reaction pH was 7. The results of SDS-PAGE electropHoresis showed that the covalent cross-linking between SC and OG formed macromolecular polymers. Infrared spectroscopic analysis indicated that the glycosidic bond was successfully attached to the protein molecule. Endogenous fluorescence spectra showed that the introduction of hydrophilic hydroxyl group of polysaccharide changed the spatial structure of sodium caseinate.Finally, the grafting degree of the obtained graft conjugate was 50.01 %, browning L value was 85.06, emulsification activity was increased by 85.12 %, and the emulsification stability was increased by 11.24 %.This paper improves the solubility and emulsification of sodium caseinate in a certain pH range, and expands the application scope of sodium caseinate in food and medicine.

Abstract:Zr-doped Zr/g-C3N4 photocatalysts were prepared by thermal polymerization using guanidine hydrochloride as the precursor and zirconium nitrate as the zirconium source. The structure, morphology and optical properties of the catalysts were characterized and analyzed by means of XRD, SEM, UV-Vis DRS, PL, XPS and BET. The results show that the Zr/g-C3N4 photocatalyst modified by Zr doping broadens the absorption of visible light, increases the specific surface area, reduces the recombination rate of photogenerated electrons and holes, and has good photocatalytic activity. Under visible light irradiation, the photocatalytic degradation rate of 5Zr/g-C3N4 had a degradation rate of 99.29% for Rhodamine B(RhB) within 60 min. The photocatalytic degradation process conformed to the first-order kinetic equation, and its rate constant k= 0.08647 min-1, which was 8.3 times that of pure g-C3N4. The trapping agent experiment found that the main active species for degrading RhB was superoxide radical, and the possible reaction mechanism was speculated.

Abstract:A 3D spherical bismuth oxyiodide (BiOI) photocatalyst was prepared by solvothermal method using copper nitrate pentahydrate and potassium iodide as raw materials , ethylene glycol as solvent, and the morphology of BiOI was controlled by hydrothermal temperature. The material was characterized by SEM, EDS, XRD and UV-vis. BiOI and persulfate (PMS) were coupled to degrade azo dye orange II under visible light. The effects of BiOI dosage, PMS dosage, orange Ⅱ concentration, pH and common anions on the degradation system were investigated. The results showed that BiOI had a good visible light response with a band gap of 1.8eV. The degradation efficiency reached 97.0% when BiOI dosage was 0.2g/L, PMS concentration was 0.2mM/L and orange Ⅱ concentration was 100mg/L, and the degradation process was in accordance with the quasi-second-order kinetic model. BiOI is excited by visible light to generate photogenerated carriers. On the one hand, it reacts with PMS to generate ·SO4-, ·OH, on the other hand, it reacts with dissolved oxygen in the system to generate ·O2-, ·O2- reacts with H+ in H2O to generate 1O2. In addition, PMS self decomposes to produce 1O2. The degradation process is a multi-channel heterogeneous reaction, and ·O2- and 1O2 are the main free radicals in the degradation process.

Abstract:A nano-active fluid was prepared using positively charged calcium carbonate nanoparticles and cationic-nonionic gemini surfactants as raw materials. The mechanism of synergistic modification of surface wettability of oil-wet sandstone by calcium carbonate nanoparticles and cationic-nonionic gemini surfactants in a novel nano-active fluid was investigated by zeta potential, infrared (IR), quartz crystal microbalance (QCM), contact angle measurements and spontaneous imbibition experiments in this paper. The results showed that the intensity of carbonyl absorption peak of infrared spectrum for the surface of sandstone treated with the novel nano-active fluid was lower than that treated with the gemini surfactant. When the mass fraction of cationic-nonionic gemini surfactants was high (>0.003 %), the formation and desorption of the ion pairs produced by the cationic-nonionic gemini surfactants and carboxyl groups of crude oil are promoted by the calcium carbonate particles in the nano-active fluid, resulting in a higher reduction of the Δf (the amount of resonance frequency change) for the sandstone surface treated by the nano-active fluid than that for the cationic-nonionic gemini surfactant. The fact that the novel nano-active fluids are more effective than the single gemini surfactants and calcium carbonate nanoparticles in altering the wettability of oil-wet sandstone surfaces is confirmed by the contact angle measurements. The two components in the nano-active fluid act synergistically.

Abstract:Using isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), polytetrahydrofuran ether glycol (PTMG), dimethylol butyric acid (DMBA), 1,4-butanediol (BDO) and self-made red anthraquinone dye (DYE-R) as monomers to synthesize polyurethane (PU), and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) as end-capping agent, double-bond terminated waterborne polyurethane was prepared, and then soap-free emulsion polymerization method was adopted. The results showed that with the increase of PA content, the particle size of the emulsion increased. When m(PU):m(PA) was 10:2, the particle size of the emulsion was 81 nm, which had good stability and certain alkali resistance. The emulsion has obvious coloring effect, the thermal mobility is 3.54%, and the color fastness to dry and wet rubbing is 4 ~ 5 grades. When the mass retention rate of the emulsion film is 50%, the corresponding temperature is 396.1℃, and m(PU):m(PA) is 10:2, the comprehensive performance is the best.

Abstract:The surface of TiO2 particles is coated with Al2O3 film by liquid-phase precipitation method and sodium metaaluminate as coating agent. The inorganic film layer was characterized by TEM, SEM, XRF and other means, and its pigment performance was evaluated by testing the weather resistance, gloss and brightness of the coated TiO2. The alumina crystal form of the coating layer was analyzed by HRTEM combined with lattice calculation, and the effects of coating pH and temperature on the coating layer structure and pigment properties of the coating TiO2 were experimentally studied. The results show that the film layer of alumina coated with TiO2 is amorphous under acidic conditions, and the sample has better weather resistance; when pH=10, the film layer of alumina is a mixed crystal form of boehmite and bayerite, with boehmite type Mainly, the product has excellent pigment performance; when pH>11, the alumina film layer is Bayerite type, and the product pigment performance is poor. Elevated temperature increases the crystallinity of aluminum oxide in the film layer and improves the pigment properties of the TiO2 samples.

Abstract:In this paper, a method of modifying epoxy resin with MDI and hydroxy silicone oil was studied. Firstly, MDI-hydroxy silicone oil prepolymer was synthesized using the bridging effect of MDI, and the optimal factors to prepare prepolymer were determined by IR testing and stability analysis; Then, the epoxy resin was modified by the prepolymer through continuous dropping process. The effect of catalyst’s amount, reaction time and reactant ratio on the modified resin was investigated in detail through IR, GPC testing and stability analysis to optimize modification factors. The results have shown that appropriate ratio of resin and prepolymer is 4:1 (mass ratio), appropriate amount of organotin catalyst is 0.5% (accounting on the total system), and reaction time is 4h; Further, Mg-rich coating was prepared using the modified resin, and protective performance for aluminum alloy was studied through basic performance testing of coating, salt spray testing and aging testing. The results have shown that Modified epoxy resin-Mg rich coting has high adhesion, flexibility and impact resistance, especially, the salt spray resistance and aging resistance were excellent.

Abstract:Using L-aminopropanol (2) as raw material, it was protected by o-nitrobenzenesulfonyl chloride, and substituted with 3-amino-1-propanol, the secondary ammonia was protected with tert-butoxyformyl (Boc). After intramolecular Mitsunobu cyclization reaction, o-nitrobenzenesulfonyl protector was removed with dodecanthiol to produce Ripasudil key intermediate (S)- 3-methyl-1, 4-diazo-1-tert-butylcarbonyl (1). The improved process is shorter and easier to operate, the total yield is increased from 19% to 47%, and the chiral isomer impurity content is less than 0.1%. This improved route has been used in pilot scale production.

Abstract:A new process to synthesize methyl (S/R)-4-(1-aminoethyl)benzoate from (S/R)-1-phenylethan-1-amine was studied. The starting material (S/R)-1-phenylethan-1-amine was trifluoroacetylated and then subsequent para-bromo substitution on phenyl ring gave (S/R)-N-(1-(4-bromophenyl)ethyl)-2,2,2-trifluoroethane (III). Next, lithium–halogen exchange of compound III with n-BuLi followed by the addition of CO2 and hydrolization afforded (S/R)-4-(1-(2,2,2-trifluoroacetamido)ethyl) benzoic acid (IV). The methyl (S/R)-4-(1-aminoethyl)benzoate hydrochloride (V) was accomplished after the amine deprotection and methyl esterification using thionyl chloride and methanol in a one-pot manner. This process has been successfully scaled up at a 2.5 kg scale in a molar yield of ~38%.