Abstract:Zinc sulfide (ZnS) and zinc oxide (ZnO) have always been hot research materials in the field of photocatalysis owing to their non-toxicity, environmental friendliness, simple synthesis, excellent physical/chemical properties and high catalytic activity. However, single ZnS and ZnO photocatalysts usually suffer from low solar energy utilization, poor quantum efficiency and bad photostability, which greatly limit their practical applications. Constructing ZnS/ZnO heterojunction can effectively broaden the light-absorption wavelength range and simultaneously promote the transfer and spatial separation of carriers, thereby achieving enhanced photocatalytic activity and stability. Herein, the carrier transfer pathways and photocatalytic mechanism of various types of semiconductor heterojunctions (Type II, Z-scheme and S-scheme) are summarized. The research progress of ZnS/ZnO heterojunction in the field of energy and environmental catalysis is reviewed, and the effect factors and improvement strategies of photocatalytic performance are expanded. The existing problems and future development direction of ZnS/ZnO heterojunction are summarized and prospected.

Abstract:The semi-hydrogenation of alkynes is of great significance for the production of polymer-grade ethylene, styrene and fine chemicals in modern industry. Due to the advantages of low cost and high activity, nickel-based catalyst has shown promising prospects for selective catalytic hydrogenation of alkynes in the last decade. This paper reviews recent advances in the semi-hydrogenation of alkynes over nickel-based catalyst. Combined with the reaction process and mechanism, the main factors affecting the activity, selectivity and stability of nickel-based catalyst are introduced. The basic approaches of regulating the properties of nickel-based catalyst are summarized, including monatomization, alloying with metal/nonmetal, modification by organic ligands, construction of core-shell and metal-support interaction structures. The drawbacks and the resolution strategies of nickel-based catalyst for the semi-hydrogenation of alkynes are discussed as well.

Abstract:Covalent organic frameworks (COFS) material, as a new porous material after metal-organic framework (MOFS), shows excellent performance and great application potential in the field of energy storage due to its unique spatial structure and controllable chemical environment. Currently, COFS materials are widely used in the anode of lithium-ion batteries. this paper combines the application of COFS materials and their related derivatives on the negative electrode of lithium-ion batteries in recent years, first briefly introduces the lithium storage mechanism, and briefly reviews the influence on electrochemical properties from the aspects of spatial structure, pore size and substitution groups of COFS materials. Finally, we put forward the application prospect and related challenges of COFS materials in the field of anode of lithium-ion batteries.

Abstract:In addition to serving as a major greenhouse gas that contributes to global warming, CO2 is also a valued renewable C1 resource. Converting CO2 into valuable chemicals has dual significance in the aspect of environmental protection and rational utilization of carbon resources. The efficient catalytic conversion of ethane a significant component of shale gas to ethylene not only has important theoretical research significance, but also has broad industrial application prospects. Oxidative dehydrogenation of ethane under CO2 atmosphere (CO2-ODHE) has become one of the most effective means of increasing ethylene production. This paper focuses on the different types of catalysts, and the main factors and the key issues that control and manipulate the catalytic activity and stability of the CO2-ODHE reaction. This review also introduces the oxidative dehydrogenation of ethane (O2-ODHE) and chemical looping oxidative dehydrogenation of ethane (CL-ODHE). Finally, combined with the reaction mechanism, potential directions and development prospects of constructing high efficiency catalyst are put forward.

Abstract:Ionic liquids are organic molten salts composed of both anions and cations. They possess low volatility, good thermal and chemical stability, wide electrochemical window, and adjustable structure, which are widely used in many fields in recent years. However, owing to the high synthetic cost, high viscosity, inconvenient transport and operation, and low recyclability, the development has been limited to a certain extent. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are organic-inorganic hybrid materials with intra-molecular pore structures formed by the self-assembly of metal ions or clusters and organic ligands through coordination bonds. The ionic liquids are immobilized on MOFs carriers to form composites which not only could solve the disadvantages of ionic liquids, but also endow the ionic liquids with many new properties. In this paper, we review the origin and immobilization methods of MOFs immobilized ionic liquids, and analyze the compatibility, immobilization forms, and interactions between MOFs and ionic liquids, based on the computational research and experimental application progress of MOFs immobilized ionic liquids. Finally, we discuss the bottlenecks of MOFs immobilized ionic liquids and provide an outlook on the development direction.

Abstract:Because of their unique properties, magnetic nanosheets have attracted extensive attention in magnetic resonance imaging, microwave absorption, catalysts, batteries, adsorption purification, and other fields. In this paper, the preparation methods and functional application direction of magnetic nanosheets were summarized. The effects of different preparation methods on the morphology, size, and thickness of magnetic nanosheets were described, the synthesis mechanism and performance control factor were summarized to provide theoretical support for their large-scale preparation. In addition, the functional application progress of magnetic nanosheets in various fields was emphatically introduced. The significance of basic properties and the functional modification of magnetic nanosheets for further application were summarized. Finally, the problems to be solved urgently in the research of magnetic nanosheets and the future research direction were prospected.

Abstract:Gelatin is a natural polymer substance with a wide range of sources and low price, and its important source is derived from biological sources such as animal skin, bone and tendons, as well as waste leather chips produced during the tanning process. Because of the outstanding biocompatibility and biodegradability of gelatin, it is widely used in flexible electronics, medicine and other industrial fields. Electrospinning technology is a common way to prepare micro- and nano-scale fibers, which has the advantages of simple operation, low cost and mild conditions, and has become one of the main ways to prepare micro- and nano-scale fiber materials. The gelatin fiber prepared by this method has high specific surface area and length-diameter ratio, the porosity and mechanical strength of the fiber film can be adjusted, and the sensing, antibacterial, self-healing and filtration properties can be obtained after spinning with other substances, which greatly expands its application prospect. This article summarizes the development status of electrospinning technology, the process parameters and composite methods of preparing composite fiber materials with gelatin as raw material, and introduces in detail the application status of gelatin-based electrospinning materials in many fields. Finally, prospects the development trend and application prospects of gelatin-based electrospinning materials.

Abstract:Antibacterial composite film was prepared by blending polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and starch (ST) as raw materials and impatiens balsamina extract (IBE) as antibacterial agent. The morphology and structure of the composite film were characterized by Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and thermogravimetric analysis, and the mechanical, optical, barrier and antibacterial properties were tested and analyzed. The results showed that IBE was well combined with PVA/ST base film. The prepared PVA/ST/IBE antibacterial composite film had good antibacterial effect on Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus albus and Bacillus subtilis, and the antibacterial performance increased with the increase of IBE content. At the same time, PVA/ST/IBE film had good mechanical strength. The tensile strength of the composite film with 12.5 mL of IBE added reached 22.97±0.68 MPa, the elongation at break increased by 79.22% compared with the PVA/ST base film and transparency decreased by 11.90%; Antibacterial composite film had good oxygen barrier performance, the oxygen transmission coefficient was 1.771±0.196×10_-12 ^cm₃^.cm/(cm₂.s.Pa), had broad application prospects in environmental protection packaging, food preservation and other fields.

Abstract:Long-chain alkyl-modified nanoparticles C18-NH2/570@SiO2 were synthesized by octadecylamine (C18-NH2), ethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) and γ-methacryloyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane (KH-570) by layer-by-layer assembly method, and introduced into silicone-modified epoxy resin to obtain a superhydrophobic epoxy resin coating C18-NH2@SiO2/DE51 with excellent friction resistance. FT-IR, XRD, XPS, TEM, AFM, etc. were used to characterize the structure of nanoparticles and the film-forming morphology of coatings. The results showed that the long-chain alkyl nanoparticles were successfully introduced into the polymer segment, and the surface roughness was significantly improved after coating C18-NH2/570@SiO2. Through contact angle, light transmittance, self-cleaning, acid and alkali resistance and friction resistance tests, it is shown that when the mass fraction of nanoparticle spraying is 0.8%, the contact angle of the modified epoxy resin coating can reach 150.6±0.6°, and the rolling angle can reach 7.8±0.4°, the light transmittance reaches 91.98%, and it has good self-cleaning, acid and alkali resistance and friction resistance, and the friction number can reach more than 1500 times.

Abstract:Four polysaccharides were obtained by hot water extraction and alcoholic precipitation with different volume fractions of ethanol (30%, 50%, 70% and 80%), and were recorded as BLP-30, BLP-50, BLP-70 and BLP-80 respectively. The structural characterization of the polysaccharides, such as mass fraction of soluble total sugars, protein amount, mass fraction of glyoxylate, UV absorption spectra, monosaccharide composition and relative molecular masses, were determined and correlation analysis was applied to compare the inhibition ability of the polysaccharides against α-amylase and α-glucosidase with the structural characterization. The structural characterisation of total soluble sugars mass fraction, protein quantity fraction, glyoxylate mass fraction, UV absorption spectra, monosaccharide composition and relative molecular mass in BLP-30, BLP-50, BLP-70 and BLP-80 were determined and correlation analysis was applied to compare the inhibition ability of polysaccharides against α-amylase and α-glucosidase with the structural characterisation. The results showed that all four Lanzhou lily polysaccharides contained no or very small amounts of glyoxalate and protein, and the highest total soluble sugar mass fraction was 30.96% for BLP-80. The four polysaccharides are mixed polysaccharides, all consisting of mannose, glucose and a small amount of galactose, with a gradual decrease in relative molecular mass from 645 kDa for BLP-30-1 to 2.45 kDa for BLP-70-4. BLP-30 and BLP-50 are glucans, BLP-70 is galactomannan glucans and BLP-80 is mannoglucan glucans, 0.49%; BLP-70 mannose, glucose and galactose molar fractions were 26.94%, 68.21% and 4.85, respectively; BLP-80 mannose and glucose molar fractions were 41.56% and 58.44%, respectively, without galactose. All the four polysaccharides had certain in vitro hypoglycemic activity and showed a quantitative-effect relationship. The four polysaccharides inhibited α-amylase and α-glucosidase in the following order: BLP-70 > BLP-80 > BLP-30 > BLP-50 and BLP-50 > BLP-70 > BLP-80 > BLP-30, respectively. Correlation analysis showed that the inhibitory ability of the four polysaccharides on α-amylase was positively correlated with the molar fraction of mannose and galactose (P< 0.05), and the inhibitory ability of the polysaccharides on α-amylase was negatively correlated with the molar fraction of glucose (P< 0.05); the inhibitory ability of the polysaccharides on α-glucosidase was negatively correlated with the mass fraction of total soluble sugars, the mass fraction of glyoxylate, and the molar fraction of mannose (P< 0.05), and the inhibitory ability of polysaccharides on α-glucosidase was positively correlated with the molar fraction of glucose (P< 0.05). The in vitro hypoglycaemic activity of BLP-70 was stronger among the four species of Lily of Lanzhou polysaccharides. It is assumed that the relative molecular mass of Lily of Lanzhou polysaccharides is between 2 and 3 kDa, and that the ratio of mannose to glucose is between n (mannose):n (glucose) = 1:2.5, which is more conducive to the in vitro hypoglycaemic activity of Lily of Lanzhou polysaccharides.

Abstract:7-methoxytetralone(Ⅱ)was selected as staring material, condensation with cyanoacetic acid catalyzed by heptanoic acid and benzylamine to obtain (7-methoxy-3,4-dihydro-1-naphthyl)acetonitrile (III).The aromatization-reduction“one-pot” preparation of (7-methoxy-1-naphthyl)ethylamine(Ⅴ) was performed by aromatization of Ⅲ using allyl acrylate(Ⅶ) as hydrogen acceptor under 5%Pd/C(5%Pd mass fraction) to obtain (7-methoxy-1-naphthyl)acetonitrile(Ⅳ),followed by transfer hydrogenation using ammonium formate as the hydrogen donor. The optimized conditions were: aromatization, the amount of 5%Pd/C , n(Ⅲ)∶n(Ⅶ)=1.0∶1.1, and the reaction time was 4.0 h. reduction reaction, n(Ⅲ)∶n(HCO2NH4 )=1.0∶4.0, the reaction temperature was 70 °C, the reaction time was 2.0 h. V reacts with hydrochloric acid to obtain Ⅵ, and the reaction of VI with acetyl chloride obtain agomelatine (I) in 64.70% total yield. The product and intermediates were characterized by 1HNMR, 13CNMR, MS, and FTIR .The process was scaled up on a kilogram scale with an overall yield of 60.70% and a purity of 99.91%.

Abstract:The effects of pyrolytic oil-based drilling cuttings (OBDC)/ orange bark (OB) biochar on passivation and remediation of Cu (Ⅱ) and Pb (Ⅱ) contaminated soil and its effects on soil microorganisms were investigated. The pyrolytic OBDC/OB biochar (OBDCs-OB) was added to Cu (Ⅱ) and Pb (Ⅱ) contaminated soil for 83 days of passivation and remediation experiments were reported. The results show that OBDCs-OB has functional groups such as —OH and —COOH, mineral compositions such as carbonate rocks and clay minerals, and porous structure, which can be used as adsorbent. Compared with the blank soil, after adding OBDCs-OB, the cation exchange capacity (CEC) of soil increased by 18.29 cmol/kg, and the pH was maintained at about 6.80. Acid-soluble Cu (Ⅱ) and Pb (Ⅱ) concentrations in soil decreased by 18.21% and 20.07%, respectively, and changed to reducible state. The potential leaching toxicity of Cu and Pb decreased by 52.8% and 92.8%, respectively, which effectively passivated Cu (Ⅱ) and Pb (Ⅱ). The maximum value of soil microbial population was 8.6×1010 cfu/g, and the maximum value of soil dehydrogenase and urease activities was 127.10 μgTPE/(g·6 h) and 167.10 mgNH3-N/(kg·24 h), which increased the diversity and richness of soil microbial community and promoted the growth of soil microbial community. In conclusion, OBDCs-OB can deactivate heavy metals in the remediation of heavy metal contaminated soil, promote the growth of soil microorganisms, and increase the diversity and richness of microbial community, which has practical application potential and provides basis for OBDC resource utilization.

Abstract:N, O in-situ co-doped hierarchical porous carbons (RPCs) were prepared by one-step method using aromatic amine waste residue produced in industrial production as carbon precursor and magnesium acetate as magnesium oxide template precursor. The morphology and pore structure of the materials were characterized by SEM and N2 physical adsorption and desorption, and the doped N and O species were analyzed by XPS. RPC-1.00 prepared at a mass ratio of 1.00 has a specific surface area of 1427 m2/g and a pore volume of 1.4713 cm3/g. Under the combined action of excellent specific surface area, abundant pore structure and N, O doped species, the static adsorption capacity of RPC-1.00 for p-nitrophenol can reach 562.66 mg/g, and the dynamic adsorption capacity of fixed bed can reach 345.01 mg/g. Theoretical calculations show that the incorporation of N and O atoms can increase the dispersion force and electrostatic attraction of the adsorption system, which can effectively improve the adsorption energy. Pyridine-N4 and carboxyl structure can also produce strong hydrogen bonding force, enhance the adsorption capacity.

Abstract:With the increase in traffic volume and vehicle load, higher demands are put forward on the quality of expressway in high-temperature areas. In order to prepare high-performance modified asphalt, the base asphalt is chemically modified with amine-functionalized micro-nano-SiO2 (d=10 μm and 20 nm). Using azobisisobutyronitrile as an initiator, Maleic anhydride (MAH) reacted with base asphalt to form activated asphalt (MQL). Then the modified asphalt (PEI-SiO2-MQL) was obtained by polyethyleneimine-modified SiO2 (PEI-SiO2) and MQL under melt blending condition. The surface morphology of the asphalt characterized by SEM reveals better dispersion of PEI-SiO2 in asphalt in comparison to that in pure SiO2. The FTIR analysis shows that there are both chemical reactions and physical interactions between PEI-SiO2 and asphalt. The results of softening point, rheology and aging tests demonstrate improvements in high-temperature stability, anti-rutting and anti-aging performance of PEI-SiO2-MQL. Asphalt with amine surface-modified micro-nano-SiO2 modification has great potential as road materials on expressway in high-temperature areas.

Abstract:Mordenite nanosheet (NS-MOR) with flower-like morphology and high specific surface area was synthesized by using lab-made high-molecular a copolymer containing quaternary ammonium groups as a template, and employed for the prepared loading Pd (Pd/NS-MOR) catalyst by ion-exchange method. The zeolite and its supported-Pd catalyst were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction, N2-physical adsorption, SEM, TEM and X ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The results showed that Pd0 and Pd2+ species with small size were highly dispersed on the surface of nano-zeolite in the Pd/NS-MOR catalyst, while there were only Pd2+ species in the γ-Al2O3 supported Pd (Pd/γ-Al2O3) catalyst. Therefore, 2-phenylpyridine and benzaldehyde were used as raw materials, realizing the simultaneous activation of C2—H and C6—H bonds of 2-phenylpyridine. Pd/NS-MOR catalyst showed much higher catalytic activity and selectivity of diacylated products (92%) than Pd/γ-Al2O3 in C—H bond activation of 2-phenylpyridine with benzaldehyde. As a contrast, the diacylated products cannot be obtained in the homogeneous Pd(NO3)2, Pd(OAc)2, Pd(PhCN)2Cl2 catalytic system in C—H bond activation of 2-phenylpyridine. In addition, Pd/NS-MOR catalyst not only had good substrate compatibility, but also exhibited good 2-phenylpyridine conversion (95%) and diacylated products selectivity (85%) after the sixth cycle.