Page 129 - 《精细化工》2021年第11期

第 11 期 梁旭阳，等: 不同硅氧烷改性水性聚氨酯胶膜的性能
图 8 WPU（a）、DPSDWPU（c）、PDMSWPU（e）、
KF-2201WPU（g）的 5 μm×5 μm AFM 相图; WPU
（ b ）、 DPSDWPU （ d ）、 PDMSWPU （ f ）、
KF-2201WPU（h）的 5 μm×5 μm AFM 3D 高度图
Fig. 8 5 μm×5 μm AFM phase micrographs of WPU (a),
DPSDWPU (c), PDMSWPU (e), KF-2201WPU (g);
5 μm×5 μm AFM 3D height micrographs of WPU (b),
DPSDWPU (d), PDMSWPU (f), KF-2201WPU (h)
3 结论
（1）将硅氧烷（DPSD、PDMS 和 KF-2201）成
功化学键接至 WPU 大分子主链，并制备了稳定的
纳米乳液和胶膜，化学结构被 FTIR 和 XPS 证实。
同时也证明了 Si 元素可在胶膜表面显著富集，通过
表面理论值和实际测量值可知，二者分别呈现 0、
30.33、5.74、8.92 的倍数关系。
（2）改性后的 WPU 胶膜软硬段链相分离精细
化程度提高，表面形貌从微米级的无规褶皱转变为
亚微米级的有规褶皱，呈现由无序至有序的趋势。
DPSDWPU、PDMSWPU 和 KF-2201WPU 胶膜的表
面能分别为 14.39、9.67 、7.86 mN/m，比 WPU 胶
膜显著降低，水接触角分别比 WPU 胶膜的 81.08°
增加了 15.29°、 24.64°、 28.97°，吸水率分别为
12.70%、10.19%、9.12%，比 WPU 胶膜明显降低。
当质量损失达到 95%时，热失重温度分别为 375、
394、401 ℃。胶膜的耐水性和耐热性都得到显著
提升。
·2275·
（3）含有大量 Si—O 键和疏水苯环的 KF-2201
更有助于提升胶膜的耐水性和耐热性。
综上，合成的 KF-2201WPU 胶膜具有优异的耐
水性和耐热性，在涂料、胶黏剂、弹性体、复合材
料等方面具有良好的发展潜力，甚至在生物医用材料、
新能源、交通运输等领域具有优异的应用前景 [32-33] 。
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