Page 18 - 《精细化工》2023年第1期
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第 40 卷第 1 期 精 细 化 工 Vol.40, No.1
20 23 年 1 月 FINE CHEMICALS Jan. 2023
综论
高性能聚酰亚胺电磁屏蔽材料的研究进展
张如强 1,2 ,龙 柱 1,2* ,张 丹 1,2
(1. 江南大学 生态纺织教育部重点实验室,江苏 无锡 214122;2. 江南大学 纺织科学与工程学院,江
苏 无锡 214122)
摘要:电磁信号之间的干扰和混乱已成为当今 5G 无线通信时代的首要挑战,研发有效、屏蔽高、低频电磁干
扰的高性能电磁屏蔽材料已成为当前的研究热点。未来电磁屏蔽材料将朝着超薄、柔性化、轻质化、宽频高效
吸收、耐高温、力学性能好等方向发展。聚酰亚胺(PI)因其具有质量轻、可柔化、机械性能好、热学稳定性
好等特点,常被用作高性能电磁屏蔽复合材料的基体材料。该文介绍了 PI 电磁屏蔽材料的屏蔽机理,重点总结
了其屏蔽性能的影响因素及研究进展,并阐述了高性能 PI 电磁屏蔽材料未来的发展趋势。
关键词:高性能;聚酰亚胺;电磁干扰;电磁屏蔽;屏蔽原理
中图分类号:TB34;TQ317 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1003-5214 (2023) 01-0010-11
Research progress of high-performance polyimide
electromagnetic shielding composites
1,2
1,2
ZHANG Ruqiang , LONG Zhu 1,2* , ZHANG Dan
(1. Key Laboratory of Eco-textiles, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China;
2. College of Textile Science and Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China)
Abstract: Interference and confusion between electromagnetic signals have become the primary challenge
in the era of 5G wireless communication, and the development of high-performance electromagnetic
shielding materials that can effectively shield high and low frequency electromagnetic interference has
become a hot topic in current research. The future development directions of electromagnetic shielding
materials will focus on materials with ultra-thin, flexible, lightweight, broadband efficient absorption, high
temperature resistance, and good mechanical properties. Polyimide (PI) is often used as substrate of many
advanced electromagnetic shielding composites because of its good mechanical properties, good thermal
stability, light weight, and flexibility. In the current review, the shielding mechanism of PI electromagnetic
shielding materials was firstly introduced, followed by summarization on the influencing factors and
research progress of shielding performance. Finally, the future development trend of high-performance PI
electromagnetic shielding materials was discussed.
Key words: high-performance; polyimide; electromagnetic interference; electromagnetic shielding; shielding
principle
5G 通信技术的快速发展和 Wi-Fi 便携设备市场 可能导致附近设备的功能故障,还有可能干扰自身
的快速增长使空间中的电磁波过度拥挤,这些电磁 设备的正常运转。因此,电磁辐射成为许多领域的
[1]
波会对不同的通信渠道造成干扰(图 1) 。此外, 重要挑战,如电子、通信、军事以及医疗设备等领
电子设备的高度集成电路所产生的电磁辐射不仅有 域 [2-4] 。此外,世界卫生组织(WHO)最近的报告
收稿日期:2022-05-10; 定用日期:2022-07-12; DOI: 10.13550/j.jxhg.20220455
基金项目:国家自然科学基金(31600478)
作者简介:张如强(1990—),男,博士生,E-mail:7180704001@stu.jiangnan.edu.cn。联系人:龙 柱(1966—),男,教授,E-mail:
longzhu@jiangnan.edu.cn。