Page 26 - 《精细化工》2023年第6期
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第 40 卷第 6 期                             精   细   化   工                                  Vol.40, No.6
             20 23 年 6 月                             FINE CHEMICALS                                 June  2023


              综论
                                  水中微塑料光催化处理的进展



                                                                                 *
                                       钟宛真,单   斌,谭伟强,罗思义
                                   (青岛理工大学  环境与市政工程学院,山东  青岛  266000)


                 摘要:近年来,微塑料(MPs)作为新型污染物引发的环境问题受到了广泛关注,水体环境作为微塑料的主要
                 汇集地其治理工作已成为热点研究领域。微塑料具有化学性质稳定、易随环境介质迁移、吸附其他污染物易引
                 发复合毒性等特性,传统的水处理技术不能高效、彻底地将其去除。光催化技术在实验室规模上可将 MPs 转化
                 为水溶性碳氢化合物和 CO 2 ,在彻底降解 MPs 方面表现出巨大潜力。该文分析了光催化技术去除 MPs 的热点与
                 前沿分布,综述了光催化降解 MPs 的机理、单组分催化剂和复合催化剂的研究进展及影响催化降解效果的 MPs
                 的自身特性和环境因素,为去除水环境中 MPs 的研究提供了可靠依据,并且针对复杂水环境中 MPs 光催化降解
                 和催化剂的发展进行了展望。
                 关键词:水环境;微塑料;光催化氧化;降解机理;光催化剂
                 中图分类号:X-1      文献标识码:A      文章编号:1003-5214 (2023) 06-1176-11


                       Advances on photocatalytic treatment of microplastics in water


                                                                                      *
                                   ZHONG Wanzhen, SHAN Bin, TAN Weiqiang, LUO Siyi
                 (School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266000, Shandong,
                 China)

                 Abstract: In  recent years,  environmental problems caused  by pollution  of microplastics (MPs) have
                 received extensive attention. The treatment of aqueous environment, the main pool of microplastics, has
                 become a research hotspot. Due to its chemical stability, easy migration along with environmental media,
                 and enhanced toxicity caused  by the adsorption  of  other  pollutants,  the MPs could  not  be removed
                 efficiently and thoroughly via conventional water treatment technologies. Photocatalysis can convert MPs
                 to water-soluble hydrocarbons and CO 2 at a laboratory  scale, showing great  potential for the complete
                 degradation of MPs. Herein, the advanced research on MPs removal by photocatalysis were summarized,
                 followed by detailed review on the photocatalytic degradation mechanism, the research progress of single
                 component catalysts and composite catalysts, and the characteristics  of MPs and environmental factors
                 affecting catalytic degradation. Finally, the development directions of photocatalytic degradation of MPs in
                 complex aqueous environments as well as development of new catalysts were discussed.
                 Key words:  aqueous environment;  microplastics; photocatalytic oxidation;  degradation mechanism;
                 photocatalyst



                 塑料是由来自石油和天然气的单体聚合而成的                          料产量呈指数增长,至 2019 年塑料产量达 3.53 亿
            有机聚合物,具有超越许多天然衍生材料的强度、                             t/a,其中 22%的塑料被直接丢弃在露天环境中,经
            柔韧性、耐水性、耐久性,被广泛应用于汽车、航                             物理、化学和生物作用进一步转化为具有较大比表
                                                                               [3]
            空航天、电子电气、包装、建材、农业等领域                      [1-2] 。  面积的微塑料颗粒 。
            随着市场需求量的增大,自 19 世纪 50 年代以来塑                            微塑料(MPs)是指直径 1 µm~5 mm 的塑料碎


                 收稿日期:2022-10-10;  定用日期:2022-12-20; DOI: 10.13550/j.jxhg.20220922
                 基金项目:山东省自然科学基金面上项目(ZR2019MEE015)
                 作者简介:钟宛真(1997—),女,博士生,E-mail:Zhongjiajiaa11@163.com。联系人:罗思义(1981—),男,教授,E-mail:
                 luosiyi666@126.com。
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