Page 156 - 精细化工2019年第10期

第 36 卷第 10 期 精 细 化 工 Vol.36, No.10
2019 年 10 月 FINE CHEMICALS Oct. 2019

水处理技术与环境保护
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Zr 掺杂对 Mg/Al 水滑石磷酸根吸附行为的影响

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程福龙，李 超，陈 娟，吴国强，吴 彦，潘 杰
（重庆三峡学院 三峡库区水环境演变与污染防治重庆市级重点实验室，重庆 404100）

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摘要：采用共沉淀法制备了系列不同 Zr 含量的 Mg/Al/Zr 三元类水滑石材料，研究了其对废水中磷酸根离子的
吸附性能。采用 XRD、DRIFTS、氮气吸脱附等对材料的结构及织构性质进行了表征，并研究了溶液初始 pH 以
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及竞争阴离子对磷吸附量的影响。结果表明：掺杂 Zr 能提高类水滑石层板正电荷密度以及增大层间距，有利
于磷酸根阴离子的吸附；Mg/Al/Zr 类水滑石对磷的吸附过程符合准二级动力学模型，吸附等温线符合 Langmuir
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模型，当 n(Zr )/(Al +Zr )=0.3 时，理论饱和吸附量最大，达到 76.6 mg/g，比 Mg/Al 水滑石高出 28.7%；酸性
环境有利于磷酸根的吸附，而二价阴离子的竞争吸附作用会显著降低磷吸附效果。Mg/Al/Zr 类水滑石对磷的吸
附机理为静电吸引和阴离子交换协同作用。
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关键词：Zr 掺杂；三元类水滑石；磷酸根；吸附；阴离子交换；水处理技术
中图分类号：X703 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1003-5214 (2019) 10-2122-06

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Effect of Zr Doping on Phosphate Adsorption Behavior of Mg/Al Hydrotalcite

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CHENG Fu-long, LI Chao, CHEN Juan, WU Guo-qiang, WU Yan, PAN Jie
（Key Laboratory of Water Environment Evolution and Pollution Control in Three Gorges Reservoir, Chongqing Three
Gorges University, Chongqing 404100, China）

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Abstract: A series of Mg/Al/Zr ternary hydrotalcite-like materials with different Zr doping contents were
prepared by co-precipitation method. The adsorption properties of these materials on phosphate in
wastewater were studied. Their structural and textural properties were characterized by XRD, DRIFTS and
nitrogen adsorption-desorption experiments. The effects of initial pH and competitive anions on the
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phosphate adsorption capacity were also investigated. The results show that the addition of Zr can
enhance the positive charge density of the hydrotalcite-like layer and the interlayer spacing, which is
beneficial to the adsorption of phosphate anions. The adsorption process of phosphate by Mg/Al/Zr
hydrotalcite-like was fitted well by the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The adsorption isotherm
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followed the Langmuir model. As n(Zr )/n(Al +Zr ) was 0.3, the theoretical saturated adsorption uptake
of Mg/Al/Zr hydrotalcite-like reached the maximum value of 76.6 mg/g, which was 28.7% higher than that
of Mg/Al hydrotalcite. The acidic environment was conductive to the adsorption of phosphate, while the
competitive adsorption of divalent anions significantly reduced the phosphorus adsorption performance.
The mechanism of phosphate adsorption by Mg/Al/Zr hydrotalcite-like was the synergistic effect of
electrostatic attraction and anion exchange.
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Key words: Zr doping; ternary hydrotalcite-like; phosphate; adsorption; anion exchange; water treatment
technology

随着中国城市化进程的快速发展，大量工农业 是引起水体富营养化的主要营养物质之一，因此，
[2]
废水和生活污水直接排入水环境，引起水中营养盐 磷浓度的控制显得尤为重要 。目前，废水除磷的
[3]
[1]
[4]
含量过高，导致水体富营养化 。其中，磷被认为 方法主要包括化学沉淀法 、微生物法 、膜处理法 [5]

收稿日期：2019-03-14; 定用日期：2019-05-05; DOI: 10.13550/j.jxhg.20190193
基金项目：国家自然科学基金（51808089，31670467）
作者简介：程福龙（1993—），男，硕士，E-mail：cfl731566250@qq.com。联系人：潘 杰（1977—），男，博士生，讲师，E-mail：
15503613016@wo.cn。