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第 36 卷第 4 期 精 细 化 工 Vol.36, No.4
201 9 年 4 月 FINE CHEMICALS Apr. 2019

油田化学品与油品添加剂
滑溜水返排液反相破乳剂的开发及破乳机理

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鲍 晋 ，石孝志 ，何启平 ，陆 丽 ，赵众从

（1. 川庆钻探工程有限公司 井下作业公司，四川 成都 610051；2. 长江大学 石油工程学院，湖北 武
汉 430100）

摘要：以三甲基羟乙基丙二胺为起始剂，KOH 为催化剂，通过环氧乙烷（EO）和环氧丙烷（PO）的开环聚合，
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在 120 ℃下合成了一系列二嵌段和三嵌段聚醚反相破乳剂。FTIR 和 HNMR 结果表明合成产物与设计结构一致。
通过瓶试法对滑溜水返排液进行了破乳实验，结果表明：具有三嵌段结构，且 n（EO）∶n（PO）∶n（EO）
=1∶6∶12 的破乳剂脱水率大于 97%，具有良好的破乳效果。动态界面张力的扩散动力学研究表明，EPO-8 反
相破乳剂从水相扩散至界面速率快，在油表面吸附性和降低界面膜强度的能力更强，是其破乳性能良好的主要
原因。
关键词：反相破乳剂；滑溜水返排液；三甲基羟乙基丙二胺；动态界面张力；油田化学品
中图分类号：TE39 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1003-5214 (2019) 04-0759-05

Reverse Demulsifier for Slickwater Flowback

Fluid and Its Demulfication Mechanism

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BAO Jin , SHI Xiao-zhi , HE Qi-ping , LU Li , ZHAO Zhong-cong
（1. Downhole Service Division of Chuanqing Drilling Engineering Co., Ltd., CNPC, Chengdu 610051, Sichuan, China;
2. College of Petroleum Engineering, Yangtze University, Wuhan 430100, Hubei, China）
Abstract: A series of diblock and triblock polyether reverse demulsifiers were synthesized by using
2-[[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]methylamino]ethanol as starting material, potassium hydroxide as catalyst
through open-loop polymerization of ethylene oxide (EO) and propylene oxide (PO) at 120 ℃. The spectral
results obtained from FTIR and NMR revealed that the structure of the synthesized products was consistent
with the theoretic design. The demulsification results showed that the reverse demulsifier with triblock
structure [n(EO)∶n(PO)∶n(EO) =1∶6∶12] had a good demulsification performance for slickwater
flowback fluid. Its dehydration rate was greater than 97%. The results of dynamic interfacial tension and
interfacial dilational modulus experiments demonstrated that EPO-8 had faster diffusion rate to interface
and better performance for decreasing the film strength, which was the main reason for its outstanding
demulsification performance.
Key words: reverse demulsifier; slickwater flowback fluid; 2-[[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]methylamino]
ethanol; dynamic interfacial tension; oil-field chemicals
Foundation items: National Science and Technology Major Project (2016ZX05040006); CNPC Scientific
Research and Technology Development Project (2016E-1202)

页岩气压裂时清水消耗量大、污水产出量大、 模的不断扩大，滑溜水返排液中 O/W 型乳状液的油
回用率低，导致滑溜水返排液的综合利用问题已成 水分离与污水除油问题日益严峻。采用传统的正相
为页岩气开发亟待解决的问题。随着页岩气开发规 破乳剂对污水（O/W 型乳状液）并不能取得很好的

收稿日期：2018-05-03; 定用日期：2018-12-24; DOI: 10.13550/j.jxhg.20180317
基金项目：国家科技重大专项（2016ZX05040006）；中国石油天然气集团公司科学研究与技术开发项目（2016E-1202）
作者简介：鲍 晋（1981—），男，博士，E-mail：baojin@me.com。