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第 36 卷第 5 期 精 细 化 工 Vol.36, No.5
201 9 年 5 月 FINE CHEMICALS May 2019

功能材料
膨胀型阻燃剂的疏水改性及对水性

阻燃涂料性能的影响

1
谷凤媚 1,2 ，莫秋凤 1,2 ，赵小莲 ，陈泉志 1,2 ，杨海娟 1,2 ，李伟洲 1,2*
（1. 广西大学 资源环境与材料学院，广西 南宁 530004；2. 广西有色金属及特色材料加工重点实验室，
广西 南宁 530004）

摘要：为了提高水性阻燃涂层的耐水性，以环氧树脂（EP）作为包覆材料，分别采用单一组分和混合组分改性
两种工艺对阻燃剂〔聚磷酸铵（APP）、三聚氰胺（MEL）和季戊四醇（PER）〕进行包覆改性，制备出了改性
阻燃剂及水性阻燃涂层。借助 FTIR 分析阻燃剂表面基团；采用 SEM 观察其微观结构；测量阻燃剂的接触角，
并对其粒度分布进行统计；借助 TG 对阻燃剂及水性阻燃涂层进行测试；并参考国标 GB/T 1733—1993 对涂层
耐水性进行了测试。结果表明：两种工艺制备的阻燃剂其表面均包覆 EP，且 EP 用量为阻燃剂质量的 15%时，
疏水效果达到最佳；阻燃剂经改性后其溶解度降低，接触角增大，使水性阻燃涂层耐水性显著提高，且阻燃剂
采用混合组分改性效率更高；聚磷酸铵与 EP 发生交联生成不饱和富碳结构，加固残炭碳骨架的稳定性及增加涂
层残余物的质量。
关键词：聚磷酸铵；三聚氰胺；季戊四醇；环氧树脂；塑料用涂料；功能材料
中图分类号：TQ637 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1003-5214 (2019) 05-0828-08

Hydrophobic Modification of Intumescent Flame Retardant and

Its Effect on Properties of Waterborne Flame Retardant Coatings

1,2
1,2
1
1,2
GU Feng-mei , MO Qiu-feng , ZHAO Xiao-lian , CHEN Quan-zhi ,
1,2
YANG Hai-juan , LI Wei-zhou 1,2*
（1. School of Resources, Environment and Materials, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, China;
2. Guangxi Key Laboratory of Processing for Non-ferrous Metals and Featured Materials, Guangxi University, Nanning
530004, Guangxi, China）
Abstract: In order to improve the hydrophobicity of waterborne flame retardant coatings, epoxy resin (EP)
was used as coating material to encapsulate flame retardants (ammonium polyphosphate, melamine and
pentaerythritol) by single component modification and mixed component modification, respectively. The
surface groups of the prepared flame retardants were analyzed by FTIR and their microstructure was
observed by SEM. The contact angles of flame retardants were measured and the particle size distribution
was analyzed. The flame retardants and water-borne flame retardant coatings were tested by TG,
respectively. The water resistance of the coatings was tested with reference to GB/T 1733—1993. The
results showed that EP was successfully coated on the surface of the flame retardants prepared by the two
processes. When EP dosage was 15% (based on the mass of flame retardant), the obtained flame retardant
exhibited the best hydrophobicity. The modification of flame retardants decreased their solubility, increased
their contact angles and significantly improved the water resistance of the waterborne flame retardant
coatings. In addition, the flame retardant prepared by mixing components modification was more efficient.
The crosslinking reaction between ammonium polyphosphate and EP resulted in an unsaturated carbon-rich

收稿日期：2018-11-05; 定用日期：2019-01-15; DOI: 10.13550/j.jxhg.20180806
基金项目：国家自然科学基金（51371059）；广西自然科学基金（2016GXNSFDA380022）；广西科技重大专项（AA17204100-2）；广
西高等学校高水平创新团队及卓越学者计划（第二批）；南宁市科学研究与技术开发计划项目（20181191-2, 20161312）；南宁市科技
创新项目（20176255）
作者简介：谷凤媚（1993—），女，硕士生。联系人：李伟洲（1975—），男，研究员，E-mail：liwz2008@ hotmail.com。