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第 36 卷第 6 期 精 细 化 工 Vol.36, No.6
201 9 年 6 月 FINE CHEMICALS June 2019

水处理技术与环境保护
滤布材质及微观结构与透水性能的关系

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余 雨 ，范海涛 ，王洪臣 ，齐 鲁 ，王明玥 ，莫惠珺
〔1. 中国人民大学 环境学院，北京 100872；2. 尚川（北京）水务有限公司，北京 100097〕
摘要：机织滤布的透水性能会直接影响过滤设备的生产效率。为理清滤布材质、微观结构与过水通量之间的相
互关系，定制一批控制变量的滤布用于实验。对不同材质的滤布进行了 FTIR，动、静态接触角和表面能测定，
从机理分析了材质影响过水通量的关键性指标。对滤布微观结构进行了 SEM 表征，并分析了编织方式、厚度、
孔径对过水通量的影响，建立了滤布微观结构与过水通量的半经验模型。结果表明：材质亲水性大小顺序为聚
丙烯＞聚碳酸酯＞聚酰胺，对应的过水通量分别为 6.34、5.75、5.46 m/min，亲水性强的材质具有更大的过水通
量；微观结构中，过水通量大小顺序为缎纹滤布＞斜纹滤布＞平纹滤布，孔径、厚度分别与过水通量呈正、负
相关关系，拟合的微观结构与过水通量的半经验模型可以为机织滤布的选型提供理论参考。
关键词：机织滤布；过水通量；过滤；界面张力；模型；水处理技术
中图分类号：TQ34 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1003-5214 (2019) 06-1203-07

Relationship between Material and Microstructure of
Filter Cloth and Water Permeability

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YU Yu , FAN Hai-tao , WANG Hong-chen , QI Lu , WANG Ming-yue , MO Hui-jun
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（1. School of Environment and Nature Resources, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China; 2. Shine Water
Limited Company, Beijing 100097, China）
Abstract: The water permeability of woven filter cloth directly affects the production efficiency of filter
equipment. In order to clarify the relationship between material, microstructure of filter cloth and water flux,
a dozen of woven filter cloth with control variables were customized for the research. FTIR, dynamic and
static contact angles and surface energy measurements were used to evaluate the filter cloths of different
materials. The key indicators affecting the water flux were analyzed from mechanism. The microstructure
of the filter cloth was characterized by SEM, and the influences of weaving method, thickness and pore size
on the water flux were analyzed. A semi-empirical model between microstructure of filter cloth and water
flux was established. The results show that the hydrophilicity order of material is polypropylene>polycarbonate>
polyamide, the corresponding water flux is 6.34, 5.75, 5.46 m/min, respectively. Hydrophilic materials have
a larger water flux. The water flux order of filter cloths under different weaving methods is satin filter
cloth>twill filter cloth>plain filter cloth. The pore diameter and thickness are positively and negatively
correlated with the through-water flux, respectively. The semi-empirical model of fitted microstructure and
water flux can provide theoretical reference for the selection of woven filter cloth.
Key words: woven filter cloth; water flux; filtration; interfacial tension; model; water treatment technology
and environmental protection
Foundation item: National Water Pollution Control and Treatment Science and Technology Major Project
(2017ZX07102)

[1]
机织滤布是由经、纬纱线互相交织而成的织物， 5000 μm ，具有工艺成熟、尺寸稳定性好、强度高、
由 高分子 聚合 物制造 的滤 布孔径 范围 可达 30~ 可重复使用等优点，在污水处理、食品加工、化工、

收稿日期：2018-12-10; 定用日期：2019-02-21; DOI: 10.13550/j.jxhg.20180904
基金项目：水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项（2017ZX07102）
作者简介： 余 雨(1995—)，女，硕士生，E-mail：rainieyu@ruc.edu.cn。联系人：范海涛（1987—），男，博士后，E-mail：ffhhtt@163.com；
王洪臣(1964—)，男，教授，E-mail：whc@ruc.edu.cn。