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第 36 卷第 9 期                             精   细   化   工                                  Vol.36, No.9
             201 9 年 9 月                             FINE CHEMICALS                                 Sept.    2019


              粘合剂
                    锂离子电池用水性聚氨酯粘结剂的制备与性能



                                                                                            *
                            谢功山,王志成,袁爱宁,鲍俊杰,黄毅萍,许戈文
                 (安徽大学  化学化工学院,安徽省绿色高分子重点实验室,水基高分子材料安徽省工程技术研究中心,
                 安徽  合肥    230601)

                 摘要:以异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)、聚氧化丙烯二醇(N220)、聚己二酸新戊二醇酯(PNA)、聚己二酸-1,4-
                 丁二醇酯(PBA)为主要原料,制备了 3 种水性聚氨酯(WPU)粘结剂。采用 IR、DSC 和 TG 对 3 种水性聚氨
                 酯膜进行了结构表征并测试了它们的力学和溶胀性能。通过循环、倍率等测试考察了以这 3 种水性聚氨酯为粘
                 结剂的锂电池的电化学性能,并与以聚偏二氟乙烯(PVDF)为粘结剂的电池进行了比较。结果表明:以 N220
                 为软段的水性聚氨酯胶膜的拉伸强度为 11 MPa,玻璃化转变温度为52  ℃,初始分解温度为 273.6  ℃,符合电
                 池粘结剂的要求。并且以其作为粘结剂的电池在 200 次循环后,容量保持率可达到 97.7%,明显高于以 PBA 型
                 (87.9%)、PNA 型(84.1%)水性聚氨酯和 PVDF(90.5%)为粘结剂的电池。
                 关键词:水性聚氨酯;锂离子电池;粘结剂
                 中图分类号:TQ433.432;TM912      文献标识码:A      文章编号:1003-5214 (2019) 09-1956-06


                           Preparation and Properties of Waterborne Polyurethane
                                         Binders for Lithium-ion Battery


                                                                                                      *
                  XIE Gong-shan, WANG Zhi-cheng, YUAN Ai-ning, BAO Jun-jie, HUANG Yi-ping, XU Ge-wen
                 (College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui University, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Green Polymers,
                 Anhui Engineering Technology Research Center, Water-based Polymer Materials, Hefei 230601, Anhui, China)

                 Abstract:  Three  waterborne  polyurethane  (WPU)  binders  were  prepared  using  isophorone  diisocyanate
                 (IPDI), polyoxypropylene diol (N220), poly (neopentyl glycol adipate) (PNA), polyadipate-1,4-butanediol
                 diol (PBA) as main raw materials. Three waterborne polyurethane films were characterized by IR, DSC and
                 TG. Their mechanical properties and swelling properties were tested. The electrochemical performances of
                 lithium  batteries  using  these  three  waterborne  polyurethanes  as  binders  were  investigated  by  cycles  and
                 magnifications, and compared with those using PVDF as binder. The results showed that the tensile strength,
                 glass  transition  temperature  and  initial  decomposition  temperature  of  the  waterborne  polyurethane  film
                 using N220 as soft segment was 11 MPa, 52  ℃, and 273.6  ℃, which met the requirements of battery
                 binder.  Moreover,  after  200  cycles,  the  capacity  retention  rate  of  lithium-ion  battery  using  the  above
                 polyurethane  as  binder  reached  97.7%,  significantly  higher  than  that  of  batteries  using  the  waterborne
                 polyurethanes  with  PBA  (87.9%)  and  PNA  (84.1%)  as  soft  segments,  respectively,  as  well  as  using
                 polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF 90.5%) as binder.
                 Key words: waterborne polyurethane; lithium-ion battery; binder


                 随着对地球自然资源有限性的认识和温室气体                          统之一,但仍无法满足电动汽车和混合动力汽车对
            排放关注度的日益增加,人们正在积极探索出一种                             能量和功率的需求        [2-3] 。为了解决这些问题,前人主
                                     [1]
            环保且可持续的储能设备 。其中,锂离子电池                              要从活性材料和电解质方面改善电池的能量和功率
                                                                                                         [4]
            (LIB)由于具有高能量密度、使用寿命长和灵活轻                           问题,却未在粘结剂方面进行比较系统的研究 。
            便的设计等特点,被认为是最有前途的能量储存系                             粘结剂在促进电子和离子传导性,保持电极的物理

                 收稿日期:2018-12-11;  定用日期:2019-04-01; DOI: 10.13550/j.jxhg.20180907
                 基金项目:安徽省自然科学基金项目(1808085QE173);安徽省高校科学研究项目(KJ2017A031)
                 作者简介:  谢功山(1993—),男,硕士生,E-mail:1214245951@qq.com。联系人:许戈文(1961—),男,研究员,E-mail:gwxu@ahu.edu.cn。
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