Page 72 - 《精细化工》2020年第1期

第 37 卷第 1 期 精 细 化 工 Vol.37, No.1
202 0 年 1 月 FINE CHEMICALS Jan. 2020

功能材料
BPO 和 AIBN 作引发剂对阳离子交换膜性能的影响

褚云晨 1,2 ，张学敏 1,2* ，王三反 1,2

（1. 兰州交通大学 环境与市政工程学院，甘肃 兰州 730070；2. 寒旱区水资源综合利用教育部工程研
究中心，甘肃 兰州 730070）

摘要：改进传统制备聚偏氟乙烯（PVDF）均相阳离子交换膜的方法，利用引发剂和浓硫酸磺化直接制备 PVDF
均相阳离子交换膜。通过溶剂蒸发法制备了含引发剂过氧化苯甲酰（BPO）和/或偶氮二异丁腈（AIBN）的 PVDF
阳离子交换膜，研究不同引发剂及其含量对膜结构和膜性能的影响。利用 FE-SEM 和 FTIR 分析了膜的形貌结
构。结果表明：含有 BPO 的阳离子交换膜中 PVDF 与苯乙烯形成了半互穿网络结构，而含有 AIBN 的阳离子交
换膜中苯乙烯接枝在线性 PVDF 链上并形成相分离结构。PVDF 阳离子交换膜的结构和性能受膜制备时 AIBN
和 BPO 的添加量影响。当 AIBN 占 PVDF 5%（质量分数）、BPO 占 PVDF 2%（质量分数）时，离子交换膜的
膜电阻达最低值 4.2 Ωcm 2 ，离子交换容量最高为 1.59 meq/g；当 AIBN 占 PVDF 3%（质量分数）、BPO 占 PVDF
2%（质量分数）时，离子交换膜的迁移数为 95.15%。最后通过循环伏安法和计时电位法进一步验证了引发剂对
膜电阻和迁移数影响的实验结论。
关键词：阳离子交换膜；引发剂；过氧化苯甲酰；偶氮二异丁腈；膜结构；膜性能；功能材料
中图分类号：TQ425.23 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1003-5214 (2020) 01-0058-08

Effect of BPO and AIBN as initiators on the performance of
cation exchange membrane

1,2
1,2
Chu Yunchen , Zhang Xuemin 1,2* , Wang Sanfan
（1. School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China;
2. Engineering Research Center for Cold and Arid Regions Water Resource Comprehensive Utilization, Ministry of
Education, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China）

Abstract: The conventional method for preparing polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) homogeneous cation
exchange membranes was improved. PVDF homogeneous cation exchange membranes were directly
prepared by using initiators and sulfonation with concentrated sulfuric acid. A series of PVDF cation
exchange membranes containing initiator benzoyl peroxide (BPO) and/or 2,2′-azobis (2-methylpropionitrile)
(AIBN) were prepared by solvent evaporation. The effects of different initiators and their contents on the
membrane structure and membrane properties were investigated. The physical morphology and chemical
structure of PVDF cation exchange membranes were analyzed by thermal field emission scanning electron
microscopy (FE-SEM) and Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The results showed that for the
cation exchange membrane containing BPO, PVDF and styrene formed a semi-interpenetrating network
structure. While for the cation exchange membrane containing AIBN, styrene was grafted on the linear
PVDF chain and formed a phase separation structure. The structure and properties of the PVDF cation
exchange membrane were affected by the addition amount of AIBN and BPO during membrane preparation.
When AIBN addition amount was 0.25 g and BPO addition amount was 0.1 g, the membrane resistance of
the ion exchange membrane reached a minimum of 4.2 Ωcm 2 and the ion exchange capacity was up to
1.59 meq/g. When AIBN content is 3% mass fraction of PVDF and BPO content is 2% mass fraction of

收稿日期：2019-04-20; 定用日期：2019-06-19; DOI: 10.13550/j.jxhg.20190339
基金项目：国家自然科学基金（21466019）
作者简介：褚云晨（1995—），女，硕士生，E-mail：chuyunchen95@163.com。联系人：张学敏（1987—），女，讲师，E-mail：
2469597462@qq.com。