Page 68 - 《精细化工》2020年第3期
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第 37 卷第 3 期                             精   细   化   工                                  Vol.37, No.3
             202 0 年 3 月                             FINE CHEMICALS                                 Mar.    2020


              功能材料
              聚(AM-co-C DMAAC)/可溶性淀粉高吸水树脂的
                                       16

                                            制备及溶胀动力学



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                             张   名 ,徐   波 ,周   露 ,张太亮 ,兰贵红
                 (1.  西南石油大学  化学化工学院,四川  成都    610500;2.  川庆钻探工程有限公司  安全环保质量监督检
                 测研究院,四川  广汉  618300;3.  四川奎能环保科技有限公司,四川  成都    610500)
                 摘要:为了提高传统丙烯酰胺(AM)基可溶性淀粉树脂的吸水性能,引入了十六烷基二甲基烯丙基氯化铵
                 (C 16 DMAAC),采用水溶液接枝共聚法和 NaOH 水解,单因素优化制得 AM-co-C 16 DMAAC 高吸水性树脂。通过
                 红外光谱仪和扫描电镜进行表征,并对其吸水膨胀机理进行了分析。结果表明,树脂产品的最佳合成条件为:
                 在固体单体含量为 20%的 50  g 聚合体系中,可溶性淀粉加量为 40%(以可溶性淀粉、AM 和 C 16 DMAAC 总质
                 量为基准,下同),n(AM)∶n(C 16 DMAAC)=99.2∶0.8,过硫酸铵(APS,5000 mg/L)4 mL,N,N-亚甲基双丙烯
                 酰胺(MBA)0.02  g,水解度 DH=80%;该条件下制得的树脂产品在去离子水和生理盐水中的吸水倍率分别为
                 1964.96 和 76.77  g/g,较未添加 C 16 DMAAC 树脂分别提高 61.53%和 28.35%;氢氧化钠高温水解步骤和引入单
                 体 C 16 DMAAC 能显著提高 AM 基可溶性淀粉复合树脂的吸水性能;AM-co-C 16 DMAAC 树脂的吸水膨胀过程符
                                                              +
                 合 Fickian 扩散模型,驱动力为树脂内外水渗透压差和 Na 浓度差异。
                 关键词:可溶性淀粉;丙烯酰胺;水解;高吸水性树脂;功能材料
                 中图分类号:TQ317      文献标识码:A      文章编号:1003-5214 (2020) 03-0486-08


                            Synthesis and swelling kinetics of soluble starch-g-poly

                                  (AM-co-C 16DMAAC) super absorbent resin

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                            ZHANG Ming , XU Bo , ZHOU Lu , ZHANG Tailiang , LAN Guihong
                 (1. College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, Sichuan,
                 China; 2. Safety, Environmental Protection, Quality Supervision and Testing Research Institute, CNPC Chuanqing Drilling
                 Engineering Co., Ltd., Guanghan 618300, Sichuan, China; 3. Sichuan Kuineng Environmental Protection Technology
                 Co., Ltd., Chengdu 610500, Sichuan, China)
                 Abstract: In order to improve the water absorbency of traditional acrylamide (AM) based soluble starch
                 resin,  hexadecyl  dimethyl  allyl  ammonium  chloride  (C 16DMAAC)  was  introduced  to  prepare  a  super
                 absorbent resin, soluble starch-g-poly(AM-co-C 16DMAAC) by aqueous solution grafting copolymerization
                 and sodium hydroxide hydrolysis. The synthesis conditions of soluble starch-g-poly(AM-co-C 16DMAAC)
                 were optimized by a series of single factor experiments. The sample was characterized by FTIR and SEM.
                 The mechanisms of water absorption and expansion of the resin were also analyzed. The results showed that
                 the optimal conditions for synthesis of soluble starch-g-poly(AM-co-C 16DMAAC) were obtained as follows:
                 mass of polymerization system 50 g, solid content of monomers 20%, content of soluble starch 40% (based
                 on the total mass  of soluble starch,  AM  and  C 16DMAAC,  the  same  below),  n(AM)∶n(C 16DMAAC)=
                 99.2 ∶ 0.8,  dosage  of  ammonium  persulfate  (APS,  5000  mg/L)  4  mL,  dosage  of  N,N-methylene
                 bisacrylamide (MBA) 0.02 g, and degree of hydrolysis (DH) of 80%. Under these conditions, the maximum
                 water  absorbency  of  soluble  starch-g-poly(AM-co-C 16DMAAC)  was  1964.96  g/g  in  distilled  water  and


                 收稿日期:2019-07-03;  定用日期:2019-09-16; DOI: 10.13550/j.jxhg.20190634
                 基金项目:四川省科技厅示范工程(2018SZ0313)
                 作者简介:张   名(1993—),男,硕士生,E-mail:mingzhang1993@sina.com。联系人:徐   波(1977—),男,高级工程师,E-mail:
                 yibinxubo@126.com。
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