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·2484· 精细化工 FINE CHEMICALS 第 38 卷
由图 11 可知,测试结果与猜测相符,对照组抗
菌性能差,胶膜表面形成很多菌落堆积凹凸不平。
随着 AH 添加量的增加,细菌在胶膜表面受到的抑
制程度明显增加。当细菌被杀死后,对比有细菌的
胶膜,没有细菌的胶膜表面显得更加光滑。
3 结论
图 9 UWPU-3 和 GWPU-a~c 胶膜接触细菌 8 h 后效果图
Fig. 9 Pictures of antibacterial effect of UWPU-3 and
GWPU-a~c films after contact with E. coil and S. (1)以 CO 替代传统聚酯、聚醚多元醇合成一
aureaus for 8 h 系列 UV 固化阳离子水性聚氨酯乳液,结果表明,
表 3 UWPU-3 和 GWPU-a~c 胶膜接触细菌 8 h 后抗菌率 制备乳液具有很好的稳定性和耐储存性,随着
Table 3 Antibacterial rate of UWPU-3 and GWPU-a~c films MDEA 含量增加,乳液外观逐渐透明、粒径减小,
after contact with E. coil and S. aureaus for 8 h 胶膜力学性能提升。
抗菌率/%
菌种 (2)合成乳液含有活泼碳碳双键,可紫外固化
UWPU-3 GWPU-a GWPU-b GWPU-c
有效减少固化时间。同时,固化增加了胶膜的交联
E. coil 50.2 89.5 96.8 99.9
S. aureaus 31.7 85.4 94.1 99.9 程度,所制备胶膜的吸水率均低于 10%,有良好的
耐化学试剂稳定性。
(3)AH 改性对原乳液性能影响不大,改性后
胶膜力学性能、热力学性能有所提升。当其添加量
为 1.2%时,胶膜抗菌率达到 99.9%。且经过抗菌长
效性测试后仍然具有优异抗菌性,抗菌机制为接触
性杀菌,不会产生扩散污染。本材料在抗菌涂料、
生物医疗领域有很好的应用前景。
参考文献:
[1] REN L F (任龙芳), ZHAO Y X (赵永霞), GUO X D (郭旭东), et al.
图 10 GWPU-a~c 胶膜经耐久性测试后抗菌率
Modification of waterborne polyurethane by p-hydroxybenzoicacid-
Fig. 10 Antibacterial efficiency of GWPU-a~c films after oligochitosan[J]. Fine Chemicals (精细化工), 2019, 36(1): 37-43.
persistence test [2] DING L (丁琳), YANG J J (杨建军), ZHANG J A (张建安), et al.
2.4.3 胶膜表面形貌测试 Preparation and properties of waterborne polyurethane self-matting
resin modified with amino siloxane[J]. Polymeric Materials Scienc &
通过 SEM 观察接种细菌培养 8 h 后胶膜表面形 Engineering (高分子材料科学与工程), 2019, 35(1): 19-24.
貌。推测接种菌液后细菌会在胶膜表面繁殖堆积, [3] HADI B, HAMID Y, SHAHRAM M, et al. Synthesis and
characterization of antibacterial polyurethane coatings from quaternary
若胶膜抗菌性能较差,则这种堆积现象会更加明显。 ammonium salts functionalized soybean oil based polyols[J]. Materials
测试结果如图 11 所示。 Science and Engineering C, 2013, 33: 153-164.
[4] CASSALES A, RAMOS L A, FROLLINI E. Synthesis of bio-based
polyurethanes from kraft lignin and castor oil with simultaneous film
formation[J]. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules,
2020, 145: 28-41.
[5] LIANG H Y (梁海燕), ZHANG C Q (张超群). Progress in vegetable
oil based waterborne polyurethanes [J]. Paint & Coatings Industry
(涂料工业), 2018, 48(11): 29-36.
[6] LIANG H Y, WANG S W, HE H, et al. Aqueous anionic
polyurethane dispersions from castor oil[J]. Industrial Crops &
Products, 2018, 122: 182-189.
[7] GHOLAMI H, YEGANEH H. Vegetable oil-based polyurethanes as
antimicrobial wound dressings: In vitro and in vivo evaluation[J].
Biomedical Materials, 2020, 15(4): 045001.
[8] BOTON L, PUGUAN J M, LATIF M, et al. Synthesis and properties
of quick-drying UV-curable hyperbranched waterborne polyurethane
coating[J]. Progress in Organic Coatings, 2018, 125: 201-206.
图 11 对照组(a)、GWPU-a(b)、GWPU-b(c)和 GWPU-c
[9] LIN C Q (林昌庆). Preparation and properties of antioxidant
(d)胶膜的 SEM 图 modified cationic waterborne polyurethane[J]. China Leather (中国
Fig. 11 SEM images of control film (a), GWPU-a film (b), 皮革), 2020, 49(5): 29-35.
GWPU-b film (c) and GWPU-c film (d) (下转第 2538 页)