Page 122 - 《精细化工》2021年第12期
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·2484·                            精细化工   FINE CHEMICALS                                 第 38 卷

                                                                   由图 11 可知,测试结果与猜测相符,对照组抗
                                                               菌性能差,胶膜表面形成很多菌落堆积凹凸不平。
                                                               随着 AH 添加量的增加,细菌在胶膜表面受到的抑
                                                               制程度明显增加。当细菌被杀死后,对比有细菌的
                                                               胶膜,没有细菌的胶膜表面显得更加光滑。

                                                               3    结论
            图 9  UWPU-3 和 GWPU-a~c 胶膜接触细菌 8 h 后效果图
            Fig. 9    Pictures of antibacterial effect of  UWPU-3 and
                   GWPU-a~c films after contact with E. coil and S.   (1)以 CO 替代传统聚酯、聚醚多元醇合成一
                   aureaus for 8 h                             系列 UV 固化阳离子水性聚氨酯乳液,结果表明,

            表 3  UWPU-3 和 GWPU-a~c 胶膜接触细菌 8 h 后抗菌率             制备乳液具有很好的稳定性和耐储存性,随着
            Table 3    Antibacterial rate of UWPU-3 and GWPU-a~c  films   MDEA 含量增加,乳液外观逐渐透明、粒径减小,
                    after contact with E. coil and S. aureaus for 8 h   胶膜力学性能提升。
                                     抗菌率/%
               菌种                                                 (2)合成乳液含有活泼碳碳双键,可紫外固化
                       UWPU-3   GWPU-a   GWPU-b    GWPU-c
                                                               有效减少固化时间。同时,固化增加了胶膜的交联
             E. coil     50.2     89.5     96.8     99.9
             S. aureaus  31.7     85.4     94.1     99.9       程度,所制备胶膜的吸水率均低于 10%,有良好的
                                                               耐化学试剂稳定性。
                                                                  (3)AH 改性对原乳液性能影响不大,改性后
                                                               胶膜力学性能、热力学性能有所提升。当其添加量
                                                               为 1.2%时,胶膜抗菌率达到 99.9%。且经过抗菌长
                                                               效性测试后仍然具有优异抗菌性,抗菌机制为接触
                                                               性杀菌,不会产生扩散污染。本材料在抗菌涂料、
                                                               生物医疗领域有很好的应用前景。

                                                               参考文献:

                                                               [1]   REN L F (任龙芳), ZHAO Y X (赵永霞), GUO X D (郭旭东), et al.
                图 10  GWPU-a~c 胶膜经耐久性测试后抗菌率
                                                                   Modification of  waterborne polyurethane by p-hydroxybenzoicacid-
            Fig. 10    Antibacterial efficiency of GWPU-a~c films after   oligochitosan[J]. Fine Chemicals (精细化工), 2019, 36(1): 37-43.
                    persistence test                           [2]   DING L (丁琳), YANG J J (杨建军), ZHANG J A (张建安), et al.

            2.4.3   胶膜表面形貌测试                                       Preparation and properties of waterborne polyurethane self-matting
                                                                   resin modified with amino siloxane[J]. Polymeric Materials Scienc &
                 通过 SEM 观察接种细菌培养 8 h 后胶膜表面形                        Engineering (高分子材料科学与工程), 2019, 35(1): 19-24.
            貌。推测接种菌液后细菌会在胶膜表面繁殖堆积,                             [3]   HADI B, HAMID Y, SHAHRAM M,  et al. Synthesis and
                                                                   characterization of antibacterial polyurethane coatings from quaternary
            若胶膜抗菌性能较差,则这种堆积现象会更加明显。                                ammonium salts functionalized soybean oil based polyols[J]. Materials
            测试结果如图 11 所示。                                          Science and Engineering C, 2013, 33: 153-164.
                                                               [4]   CASSALES A, RAMOS L A, FROLLINI E. Synthesis of bio-based
                                                                   polyurethanes from kraft lignin and castor oil with simultaneous film
                                                                   formation[J]. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules,
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                                                               [5]   LIANG H Y (梁海燕), ZHANG C Q (张超群). Progress in vegetable
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                                                                   (涂料工业), 2018, 48(11): 29-36.
                                                               [6]   LIANG H  Y, WANG S W, HE  H,  et al. Aqueous anionic
                                                                   polyurethane dispersions from castor oil[J]. Industrial  Crops &
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                                                                   of quick-drying UV-curable hyperbranched waterborne polyurethane
                                                                   coating[J]. Progress in Organic Coatings, 2018, 125: 201-206.
            图 11   对照组(a)、GWPU-a(b)、GWPU-b(c)和 GWPU-c
                                                               [9]   LIN C Q (林昌庆). Preparation and properties of antioxidant
                  (d)胶膜的 SEM 图                                     modified cationic waterborne polyurethane[J]. China Leather (中国
            Fig. 11    SEM images of control film (a), GWPU-a film (b),   皮革), 2020, 49(5): 29-35.
                    GWPU-b film (c) and GWPU-c film (d)                                      (下转第 2538 页)
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