Page 178 - 《精细化工》2020年第2期

第 38 卷第 2 期 精 细 化 工 Vol.38, No.2
202 1 年 2 月 FINE CHEMICALS Feb. 2021

水处理技术与环境保护
粒径对番茄酱废水好氧颗粒污泥性能的影响

2
1
1
王维红 ，包文婷 ，王燕杉
（1. 新疆农业大学 水利与土木工程学院，新疆 乌鲁木齐 830052；2. 天津大学 环境科学与工程学院，
天津 300072）

摘要：颗粒污泥的培养基质、粒径影响着颗粒的生物活性、传质效应及菌群的结构分布和协同竞争关系，进而
影响出水效果。用番茄酱废水在序批式活性污泥法（SBR）反应器中成功培养颗粒污泥并稳定维持 185 d，筛分
出 4 种粒径范围的颗粒进行同步序批式实验，考察污泥特性及其对番茄酱生产废水的除污效能。结果表明，
0.45~1.00 mm 的颗粒形状不规则，表面孔隙率较小；1.0~1.6 和 1.6~2.0 mm 的颗粒污泥趋于球状和椭球状，表
面光滑，结构较密实；2~8 mm 的大颗粒污泥虽然表面沟壑较多，出现孔隙，但系统稳定性能维持较好，孔隙的
存在可能为内部物质的运输以及颗粒内部微生物代谢产物的排出提供条件。颗粒污泥的平均沉降速度和湿密度
与粒径大小呈正相关，含水率与粒径大小呈负相关，颗粒粒径较大的颗粒污泥大大减少了剩余污泥的产量。
1.0~1.6 和 1.6~2.0 mm 的颗粒污泥相比 0.45~1.00 和 2~8 mm 的颗粒污泥对有机物具有更好的降解能力，对化学
3–
+
需氧量（COD）的去除率分别达 97.8%和 94.2%；1.6~2.0 mm 的颗粒污泥对 NH 4 -N、PO 4 -P 的降解效果最佳，
3–
去除率分别达 92.7%和 99.2%；0.45~1.00 mm 颗粒污泥对 PO 4 -P 的去除率最低，为 69.5%。
关键词：番茄酱生产废水；好氧颗粒污泥；颗粒粒径；有机物降解性能；水处理技术
中图分类号：X703 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1003-5214 (2021) 02-0380-07

Effect of particle size on the performance of aerobic granular
sludge in tomato sauce wastewater

2
1
1
WANG Weihong , BAO Wenting , WANG Yanshan
（1. College of Hydraulic and Civil Engineering, Xinjiang Agriculture University, Urumqi 830052, Xinjiang, China;
2. School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China）
Abstract: The biological activity, mass transfer effect of the particles and the structural distribution and
synergistic relationship of the internal flora are affected by the culture substrate and particle size of the
granular sludge, thus determining the effluent quality. The granular sludge was successfully cultured in
sequencing batch reactor activated sludge process (SBR) reactor with tomato paste wastewater and
maintained for 185 d, four kinds of particles with different particle sizes were screened out for simultaneous
sequencing batch test to investigate the characteristics of the sludge and its deconfliction efficiency for the
tomato paste production wastewater. The results showed that 0.45~1.00 mm granular sludge was irregular in
shape and the surface porosity was small; 1.0~1.6 and 1.6~2.0 mm granular sludge tended to be spherical
and ellipsoidal, with a smooth surface and dense structure. Although there were more surface gullies and
pores in 2~8 mm granular sludge, the stability of the system could be maintained well. The presence of
pores probably provided conditions for the transport of internal materials and the excretion of microbial
metabolites within the particles. The average sedimentation rate and wet density were positively correlated
with the granule size. The water content was negatively correlated with the particle size. Granular sludge
with larger particle size greatly reduced the production of excess sludge. Compared with 1.0~1.6 and
1.6~2.0 mm granular sludge, 0.45~1.00 and 2~8 mm granular sludge had better ability to degrade organic
matter, and the removal rates of chemical oxygen demand (COD) were 97.8% and 94.2%, respectively.

收稿日期：2020-08-04; 定用日期：2020-10-19; DOI: 10.13550/j.jxhg.20200722
基金项目：国家自然科学基金（51968071）
作者简介：王维红（1967—），女，教授，E-mail：2209319288@qq.com。