Page 19 - 《精细化工》2021年第6期

第 38 卷第 6 期 精 细 化 工 Vol.38, No.6
202 1 年 6 月 FINE CHEMICALS June 2021

综论
抗冻水凝胶的制备及其在柔性电子领域的应用

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王思恒 ，杨欣欣 ，黄旭娟 ，刘 鹤 ，商士斌 ，宋湛谦
（1. 中国林业科学研究院 林产化学工业研究所，江苏 南京 210042；2. 盐城工学院 化学化工学院，江
苏 盐城 224051）
摘要：水凝胶具有优异的柔韧性、离子运输性和可调的机械性，在柔性电子领域具有广阔的应用前景。然而，
水凝胶电子器件在严寒气候下容易冻结失效，严重限制了其在低温环境下的应用潜力。向水凝胶中引入低温防
护剂可以赋予水凝胶抗冻性能，拓宽水凝胶电子器件的工作温度。该文从溶质离子、离子液体、有机溶剂以及
抗冻蛋白改性水凝胶 4 个方面，综述了近年来抗冻水凝胶的制备方法和抗冻机理；阐述了抗冻水凝胶在超级电
容器、传感器和电池等柔性电子领域的应用进展；归纳了抗冻水凝胶电子材料面临的问题与挑战，并展望了抗
冻水凝胶电子材料的发展趋势；最后指出以天然可再生资源为原料开发具有优异机械性能、电化学性能、生物
无毒性、生物相容性和生物可降解的抗冻水凝胶成为下一步研究重点，同时设计优化柔性电子装置、提高器件
安全可靠性和输出稳定性也将成为重要的研究方向之一。抗冻水凝胶的制备及其应用研究将促进柔性电子功能
材料领域的快速发展。
关键词：抗冻水凝胶；低温防护剂；抗冻性能；柔性电子
中图分类号：TB34; TQ427.26 文献标识码：A
文章编号：1003-5214 (2021) 06-1081-11 开放科学 (资源服务) 标识码 (OSID)：

Preparation of anti-freezing hydrogels and its application in flexible electronics

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WANG Siheng , YANG Xinxin , HUANG Xujuan , LIU He , SHANG Shibin , SONG Zhanqian
（1. Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Nanjing 210042, Jiangsu, China;
2. School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224051, Jiangsu, China）
Abstract: Hydrogels have broad application prospects in the field of flexible electronics due to their
excellent flexibility, ion transport, and adjustable mechanical properties. However, hydrogel electronic
devices are prone to freeze in cold climate, which severely limits the application potential of hydrogel
electronic materials in cold environments. Introducing cryoprotectants into hydrogels can give hydrogels
anti-freezing properties and broaden the working temperature of hydrogels electronic devices. The
preparation methods and freeze-tolerance mechanisms of anti-freezing hydrogels in recent years are
summarized from the aspects of solute ions, ionic liquids, organic solvents and antifreeze proteins-modified
hydrogels. Furthermore, the applications of anti-freezing hydrogels in flexible electronics such as
supercapacitors, sensors and batteries are discussed. The problems and challenges of hydrogel electronic
materials are reviewed, and the development trend of anti-freezing hydrogel electronic materials is
prospected. Finally, it is pointed out that the next research focus is to use natural renewable resources as raw
materials to develop anti-freezing hydrogels with excellent mechanical properties, electrochemical
properties, biological non-toxicity, biocompatibility and biodegradability. At the same time, the design and
optimization of flexible electronic devices, the improvement of the safe reliability of devices and the output
stability will be also an important research direction. The preparations and applications of anti-freezing
hydrogels will promote the rapid development of flexible electronic functional materials.
Key words: anti-freezing hydrogels; cryoprotectants; anti-freezing properties; flexible electronics

收稿日期：2020-09-13; 定用日期：2020-11-20; DOI: 10.13550/j.jxhg.20200855
基金项目：“十三五”国家重点研发计划（2017YFD0601004）；国家自然科学基金重大项目（31890744）；江苏省生物质能源与材料重
点实验室开放基金项目（JSBEM201909）
作者简介：王思恒（1996—），男，硕士生，E-mail：wgsiheng@hotmail.com。联系人：宋湛谦（1942—），男，博士，研究员，博士
生导师，中国工程院院士，E-mail：songzq@hotmail.com。