Page 60 - 《精细化工》2021年第7期

第 38 卷第 7 期 精 细 化 工 Vol.38, No.7
202 1 年 7 月 FINE CHEMICALS July 2021

综论
油田调驱用聚合微球的构效关系及应用进展

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巩锦程 ，季岩峰 ，王彦玲 ，范海明 ，魏志毅 ，李春阳
〔1. 中国石油大学（华东） 石油工程学院，山东 青岛 266580；2. 中国石油化工股份有限公司胜利油田
分公司勘探开发研究院，山东 东营 257000〕
摘要：聚合微球是一种基于聚丙烯酰胺的可吸水溶胀凝胶树脂，在油田调驱中取得了良好的降水增油效果。随
着开采重点逐渐向低渗、中低渗高温油藏偏移，聚合微球的粒径尺寸、缓膨性能以及耐温抗盐抗剪切性能成为
重要的研究课题。该文对近年来不同聚合微球的结构特点和构效关系进行综述，总结了不同聚合微球所适用的
油藏条件，分析了聚合微球粒径和溶胀性能的影响因素，探讨了聚合微球的调驱机理，并对聚合微球的研究方
向进行了展望。针对聚合微球关于纳米尺度的报道较少，高温下溶胀速度快，驱油机理单一等问题，需要加深
对聚合微球溶胀机理和黏弹机理的研究，优化反相微乳液法合成条件，研发具有核壳结构的纳米聚合微球，并
与其他化学试剂协同调驱，从而拓宽聚合微球在低渗、中低渗高温油藏的应用领域。
关键词：聚合微球；油田调驱；结构特点；构效关系；纳米级；延时溶胀
中图分类号：TE357；TE39；TQ317 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1003-5214 (2021) 07-1342-13

Structure-activity relationship and application progress of polymer

microspheres for profile control and flooding in oilfield

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GONG Jincheng , JI Yanfeng , WANG Yanling , FAN Haiming , WEI Zhiyi , LI Chunyang
[1. School of Petroleum Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, Shandong, China;
2. Exploration and Development Research Institute, Shengli Oilfield, Dongying 257000, Shandong, China]
Abstract: Polymer microsphere is a kind of water-absorbing and swelling gel resin based on polyacrylamide,
which has achieved good effect of dewatering and increasing oil in oil field profile control and flooding. As
the mining focus gradually shifts to low permeability, medium low permeability and high temperature
reservoirs, the particle size, slow swelling performance, temperature resistance, salt resistance and shear
resistance of polymer microspheres have become important research topics. The structure characteristics
and structure-activity relationship of different polymeric microspheres in recent years are reviewed. The
reservoir conditions applicable to different polymer microspheres are summarized, and the factors affecting
the particle size and swelling performance of polymer microspheres are analyzed. The profile control and
flooding mechanism of polymer microspheres is discussed, and the research direction of polymer microspheres
is prospected. In order to solve the problems of polymer microspheres, such as few reports on nanometer
scale, the fast expansion rate at high temperature and the single displacement mechanism, it is necessary to
deepen the research on the swelling mechanism and viscoelastic mechanism of polymer microspheres,
optimize the synthesis conditions of inverse microemulsion method, develop nanometer polymer microspheres
with core-shell structure and cooperate with other chemical regents to broaden the application field of
polymer microspheres in low permeability, medium low permeability and high temperature reservoirs.
Key words: polymer microspheres; oil field profile control and flooding; structural characteristic; structure-
activity relationship; nanoscale; delayed swelling

收稿日期：2021-02-02; 定用日期：2021-04-15; DOI: 10.13550/j.jxhg.20210123
基金项目：国家科技重大专项（2017ZX05005-005）；国家自然科学基金（51874334）
作者简介：巩锦程（1994—），男，博士生，E-mail：gjinch0206@126.com。联系人：王彦玲（1970—），女，博士，教授，博士生导
师，E-mail：wangyl@upc.edu.cn。