Page 43 - 《精细化工》2022年第12期
P. 43
第 39 卷第 12 期 精 细 化 工 Vol.39, No.12
2022 年 12 月 FINE CHEMICALS Nov. 2022
功能材料
铜纳米粒子导热增强固-液相变储能材料的性能
*
刘子路,张宇昂,唐炳涛 ,张淑芬
(大连理工大学 精细化工国家重点实验室,辽宁 大连 116024)
摘要:使用聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)和聚乙二醇(PEG)作为钝化剂对铜纳米颗粒进行原位包覆制备了
PVP/PEG/Cu 复合纳米粒子(CuNP),将其作为导热增强剂引入到 PEG 中制备了 CuNP/PEG 固-液相变储能材料
(PCMs),并通过 FTIR、XRD、DSC 以及 TGA 表征了 CuNP/PEG 固-液 PCMs 的结构及热性能。利用纳米粒
子表面的 PVP 与 PEG 之间的氢键和空间位阻效应,以及 PVP 对铜核的保护作用,赋予了铜纳米粒子在 PCMs
中优异的分散稳定性。结果表明,CuNP 的引入能够显著提高复合相变储能材料的导热能力,并能够作为晶核
加速材料的结晶行为。当纳米粒子的质量分数为 5%时,CuNP/PEG 固-液 PCMs 的相变焓为 157.0 J/g,体系的
储热速率、放热速率和结晶速率与纯 PEG 相比分别提高了 34.09%、31.45%和 53.33%。
关键词:铜纳米粒子;相变材料;导热增强;高储能密度;功能材料
中图分类号:TB34 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1003-5214 (2022) 12-2409-08
Properties of solid-liquid phase change materials based on copper nanoaggregates
with enhanced thermal conductivity for storing thermal energy
*
LIU Zilu, ZHANG Yuang, TANG Bingtao , ZHANG Shufen
(State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, Liaoning, China)
Abstract: CuNP/PEG solid-liquid phase change materials (PCMs) were synthesized via introduction of
thermal conductivity enhancer PVP/PEG/Cu composite nanoaggregates (CuNP), which was prepared by
in-situ coating copper nanoparticles with passivators of polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) and polyethylene
glycol (PEG), into polyethylene glycol, and then characterized by FTIR, XRD, DSC and TGA for analyses
of structural and thermal properties. Excellent dispersion stability of copper nanoparticles in PCMs were
obtained because of the hydrogen bond and steric hindrance between PVP and PEG on the surface of the
nanoparticles and the protective effect of PVP on copper core. The results showed that CuNP significantly
improved the thermal conductivity of the PCMs and acted as crystal nucleus accelerating the crystallization
behavior of the material. When the mass fraction of CuNP was 5%, the phase change enthalpy of the
CuNP/PEG PCMs was 157.0 J/g. Moreover, in comparison to those of pure PEG, the heat accumulation
rate, heat release rate, and crystallization rate were increased 34.09%, 31.45% and 53.33%, respectively.
Key words: copper nanoparticles; phase change materials; enhanced thermal conductivity; high energy
density; functional materials
热能作为一种重要的能量供给方式,是维持人 庞大的生产量,但是对热能需求更高的是北方。这
类所有活动的基础保障,对推动技术、工业、经济 种在时间和空间上不可调和的矛盾,导致热能难以
以及社会的发展具有至关重要的作用 [1-2] 。从时间上 被充分利用。因此,如何平衡热能生产与消耗之间
来说,热能的生产高峰是在白天而消耗高峰却是夜 巨大的差异具有重大的意义。
晚;在空间上,以中国为例,热能在南方地区具有 储热技术是一种能够有效提高热能管理效率、
收稿日期:2022-04-12; 定用日期:2022-06-28; DOI: 10.13550/j.jxhg.20220341
基金项目:国家自然科学基金(22178050,22108026)
作者简介:刘子路(1992—),男,博士生,E-mail:692076988@qq.com。联系人:唐炳涛(1976—),男,教授,E-mail:tangbt@dlut.edu.cn。