Page 69 - 《精细化工》2023年第4期

す 4 ᱌ Ᲊܜᑧ喑ぶ: ბڲᓛ䛼㠜ㆨ VOCs ٶ⅔ࡃ䭺㼐יࡃݯ⮱ⵁ⾣䔈ᆂ g755g

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䮼Ɑ⣝А⹫ч೻ጯࡃহጒ͇ࡃ⮱̺᫚䔈ₒ喑ℾ CO 2 ȠH 2 O ࣷڣЃϔ➖ȡ䰭㺮ᠴܧ⮱᭜喑䘕ܳ e হ
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⩕ᐧま⅁ჳᕔ⮱෋ߍহᰶᱧ⏣ݯ⮱Ꭼ∈Ҭ⩕ᄩ㜡ბ h чౕ䲆⩢ᑂ߈⮱҉⩕̸喑ౕᮣҀ͚ࣾ⩌䛺㏱ᝃ㷘ᮣ
ڲ㠜ㆨᡒࣾᕔᰶᱧࡃव➖喍㠜ㆨ VOCs喎喍ຯ㠜Ƞ⩟ Ҁ㑧䮤ᢂ㣤喑ᰭ㏵ᄳ॥ᩣݝ⮱㘪䛼Вٶᝃ☚⮱ᒏᐼ䛷
㠜Ƞι⩟㠜ȠΆ㠜Ƞ㠜Ά☜ぶ喎⮱Გ⎽๔๔෋ߍ喑 ᩫᢶ喑ҬᓄٶיࡃࣺᏁ᩵⢴䭺ѻȡ
㐆ϧㆨ⮱⩌ႅ䕍᜽γጕ๔⮱༮㗮 [1-2] ȡ͚పᰭ᫝ࣾጰ ٶיࡃ䭺㼐㠜ㆨ VOCs ͨ㺮⊶ࣷ⮱䓴⼸ज䕇䓴
⮱ GB/T 18883ÿ2022Ȩბڲ⾧⅁䉕䛼ᴴ۳ȩ㻱Ⴧℾ ᐼ喍 喎_喍 喎㶕⹧喟
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⩕ᐧま͚ბڲ⾧⅁⮱㠜Ƞ⩟㠜হι⩟㠜⮱䭽թܳݘͧ ٶיࡃݯ + hv ī e + h 喍1喎
3
0.03Ƞ0.20 হ 0.20 mg/m ȡ̓⩹࢘⩌㏱㏴喍WHO喎 ⾧⾡⅔ࡃࣺᏁ喟
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ᰭ᫝ࣾጰ⮱̭䶦ⵁ⾣㶕ᬻ喑⾧⅁↎ᴀጟ䕍᜽㏓ 700 h + H 2 O ī •OH + H 喍2喎
[3]
̴ϧ䲋ₐ፥₨ώহ䓴ᬖ₨ώ ȡ఍ₑ喑㠜ㆨ VOCs ⮱ h +OH ī•OH 喍3喎
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ᰶ᩵ࣨ䮑ጟ᜽ͧᒀݺ⾧⅁ۭࡃ䶳ഌ⮱ⵁ⾣䛺◦ȡэ ⩢ၽ䋰䓮喟
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㐌⮱⾧⅁ۭࡃឭᱜ喍ຯ॥䭱 [4-7] হיࡃ⛰☔ [8-11] ぶ喎 e + O 2 ī •O 2 喍4喎
ႅౕࣨ䮑᩵⢴ѻȠ᜽᱙倅ࣷι⁎↎ᴀぶ㑧◦ȡ఍ₑ喑 㠜ㆨ VOCs ⅔ࡃࣺᏁ喟
ᐭࣾ倅᩵Ƞज㵹⮱ࣨ䮑㠜ㆨ VOCs ⮱᫝ᱽ᫆হ᫝ឭ 㠜ㆨ VOCs + O 2 + •OHīH 2 O + CO 2 +ڣЃϔ➖ 喍5喎
ᱜิऄڠ∕ȡ
̻э㐌⮱⾧⅁ۭࡃឭᱜⰥ℁喑ٶיࡃ⅔ࡃ喍PCO喎
ឭᱜ [12-13] ڤᰶ᜽᱙ѻȠᭀ᧺҉Ƞᬍι⁎↎ᴀぶх◦喑
जᰶ᩵ࣨ䮑㠜ㆨ VOCs喑ѳᒀݺ PCO יࡃݯᮛ䕺ႅ
ౕⱭ॥ᩣ∏䪬ⴚ喍ͨ㺮䯳ౕ͚㉘ใࡧ喎Ƞיࡃᕔ㘪ጛ
⮱䬛䷅喑䔆䭽ݣγڣ჋䭲Ꮑ⩕ȡ፥㻱ٶיࡃݯ喍ຯ
TiO 2 ȠZnOȠWO 3 ȠZnSȠCdS ぶ [14-15] 喎ౕ䭺㼐䓴⼸
͚ႅౕ⽠ჇᕔጛȠ䭺㼐᩵⢴ѻぶ㑧◦ȡ䓾ᎡᲒ喑⻾

ⵁጒ҉㔲㜡߈λⵁ⾣ٶיࡃҀ㈨̸㠜ㆨ VOCs ⮱ᰶ
᩵䭺㼐喑ព๔ڣౕज㻮ٶ䶾⃢̸⮱჋䭲Ꮑ⩕ȡ ఫ 1 ٶיࡃധ᱙࣌⤳
Fig. 1 Basic principles of photocatalysis
᱙᪴ắ䔝γٶיࡃ䭺㼐㠜ㆨ VOCs ⮱ധ᱙࣌⤳
হᒞ৺ٶיࡃݯיࡃ≨ᕔ⮱఍㉍喑Ꭳϻ෋ᑧᄦٶ⮱
॥ᩣȠើݣ⩢ၽ-⾧⾡ᄦ⮱ฺवࣷӰҬ㶕䲏⩢㢤࣯̻ 2 ᒞ৺ٶיࡃݯיࡃ≨ᕔ⮱఍㉍
ࣺᏁ 3 ͗᫦䲏ᕨ㐀γ᣽倅ٶיࡃݯ䭺㼐᩵⢴⮱᫦
㐀वٶיࡃ䭺㼐㠜ㆨ VOCs ⮱࣌⤳喑ٶיࡃࣺ
∂喑䔅䛺◦ϸ㏺γٶיࡃ䭺㼐㠜ㆨ VOCs ⮱ᰭ᫝ⵁ
Ꮑᬣऱࢳ⼸⮱఍㉍䘪чᒞ৺ٶיࡃݯ⮱יࡃ≨ᕔ喑
⾣䔈ᆂ喑ᰭऻᠴܧγ㏠ㆠٶיࡃݯϺႅౕ⮱䬛䷅喑Ꭳ
ڣ͚喑ڲ䘕఍㉍࠲᠙ᮣҀ㐀ᲱȠ⺮ፓცᏓȠ℁㶕䲏
ᆂ᱈γ᱗Გٶיࡃݯ⮱䃫䃎ࣷᏁ⩕ȡ
⼜Ƞㆿᒱᅧᄥহᒏ䆹ぶ喠ใ䘕఍㉍࠲᠙ٶ⚔ᑧᏓȠ
1 ٶיࡃ䭺㼐㠜ㆨ VOCs ⮱ധ᱙࣌⤳ ⍖ᏓহⰥᄦ⎬Ꮣ喍RH喎Ƞ⅁Ҁ≮䕌Ƞ↎ᴀ➖݊໸⊀
Ꮣহיࡃݯ⩕䛼ぶ [16] ȡ
ᵦᢛధҀ㘪ፓ⤳䃧喑ᱽ͚᫆⩢ၽ඘ٲ⮱ᰭѻ㘪
ᔮͧФፓ喍VB喎喑⩢ၽ᱗඘ٲ⮱ᰭ倅㘪ᔮͧᄩፓ
喍CB喎ȡٶיࡃݯ⮱㘪ፓ᭜⩞ VBȠCB হ๦ౕ͑㔲
͸䬡⮱⺮ፓ㏱᜽⮱喑VB ̻ CB ͸䬡⮱㘪䛼ጛ㷘⼝ͧ
⺮ፓცᏓ喑ࢠፓ䯆㘪喍E g 喎ȡٶיࡃࣺᏁ⮱࣌⤳হധ
᱙䓴⼸ຯఫ 1 ᝭⹧喑ᒀ⚔ᄱٶၽ⮱㘪䛼喍hv喑ڣ͚
h ͧᮛ᱄ٸ፥䛼喑6.626×10 –34 J·s喎๔λٶיࡃݯ⮱
E g ᬣ喑יࡃݯ॥ᩣ̭Ⴧ∏䪬⮱ٶၽ喍ٶᩣ䯳喎喑VB
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̷⮱ e 㷘⓭ࣾ㔹䋰䓮㜠 CB喑ౕ VB ̷⪆̸ፓₐ⩢⮱
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⾧⾡喍h 喎喍⩢㢤ܳ⻨喎喑ڣ͚ e ፓᰶ䔅࣌᩵ᏁȠh +
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ፓᰶ⅔ࡃ᩵Ꮑ喠e হ h ܳݘព᪐ݝיࡃݯ㶕䲏㷘䭱
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Ɑౕיࡃᱽ᫆㶕䲏⮱ O 2 হ H 2 O ᢂ㣤⩌᜽•O 2 ̻•OH喑
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䔈㔹̻㠜ㆨ VOCs ➖⻺ࣾ⩌ࣺᏁȡ̭㝙㔹㼭喑•O 2
ఫ 2 ᒞ৺ٶיࡃݯיࡃ≨ᕔ⮱఍㉍
̻•OH ڤᰶᑧ⅔ࡃᕔ喑जВᄳ㠜ㆨ VOCs 䒙ࡃͧ Fig. 2 Factors affecting the catalytic activity of photocatalysts