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第 10 期 刘新华，等: 含聚甲基丙烯酸二甲氨基乙酯刷的丝瓜络合成及吸附性能 ·1729·

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质素、改性棉籽壳和植酸改性的纳米纤维等吸附材 （3） Loofah-g-PDMAEMA 吸附 Pb 的过程符
料。这是由于丝瓜络纤维表面接枝 DMAEMA 后， 合准二级动力学模型；重复使用性研究结果表明，
增加了纤维表面的吸附位点，使其吸附容量增加。 loofah-g-PDMAEMA 经过 4 次吸附-解吸附循环后，
吸附量仍可达首次吸附量的 84.73%。
表 3 Loofah-g-PDMAEMA 与其他吸附材料吸附量的比较 （4）Loofah-g-PDMAEMA 功能材料可望在吸
Table 3 Comparison of adsorption capacity between loofah-
g-PDMAEMA and other adsorption materials 附、生物医药等领域得到应用。
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对 Pb 的吸附量 参考文献：
参考文献
/(mg/g)
loofah-g-PDMAEMA 107.8 本实验 [1] Liu Yande( 刘燕 德 ), Shi Yu( 施宇 ), Cai Lijun(蔡丽君 ). Fast
determination of heavy metal Cu in ludwigia prostrata leaves using
未改性丝瓜络 57.3 本实验
near infrared diffuse spectroscopy[J]. Spectroscopy and Spectral
活性炭藻酸盐复合物 15.7 [27]
Analysis(光谱学与光谱分析),2012,32(12):3220-3224.
改性木质素 55.2 [28]
[2] Zhuang Yuan(庄媛), Yu Fei(于飞), Ma Jie(马杰), et al. Research
改性棉籽壳 83.3 [29]
progress of application of graphene on removing heavy metals and
植酸改性的纳米纤维 60.0 [30]
antibiotics from water[J]. Journal of Function al Materials(功能材

料), 2014, 45(23): 23001-23009.
2.5 解吸及重复吸附性能考察
[3] Hussain A, Maitra J, Khan K. Development of biochar and chitosan
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重复使用次数对改性前、后丝瓜络对 Pb 吸附 blend for heavy metals uptake from synthetic and industrial
量的影响见图 9。从图 9 可知，随着循环次数的增 wastewater[J]. Applied Water Science, 2017, 7(8): 4525-4537.
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加，未改性和改性的丝瓜络对 Pb 的吸附量均不断 [4] Rahman M, Sarkar M, Yusoff M. Efficient removal of heavy metal
降低。当循环至第 4 次时，未改性的丝瓜络对 Pb 2+ from electroplating wastewater using polymer ligands[J]. Frontiers of
的吸附量是首次吸附量的 68.23%，而改性的丝瓜络 Environmental Science & Engineering, 2016, 10(2): 352-361
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loofah-g-PDMAEMA 对 Pb 的吸附量为首次吸附量 [5] Zha S W, Zhang G Y, Dawson N, et al. Study of PVDF/Si-R hybrid
hollow fiber membranes for removal of dissolved organics from
的 84.73%。所以，loofah-g-PDMAEMA 的吸附-解
produced water by membrane adsorption[J]. Separation and
吸附循环使用性能好于未改性的丝瓜络。
Purification Technology, 2016, 163, 290-299.

[6] Tang X N, Zhang Q, Liu Z J, et al. Removal of Cu(Ⅱ) by loofah
fibers as a natural and low-cost adsorbent from aqueous solutions[J].
Journal of Molecular Liquids, 2014, 191, 401-407.
[7] Teng Yanhua(滕艳华), Li Hongyan(李宏燕), Lu Man(陆曼), et al.
Adsorption of Cu( Ⅱ ) onto modified luffa cylindrica[J]. New
Chemical Materials(化工新型材料), 2015, 43(2): 126-128.
[8] Mao Jinhao(毛金浩), Liu yinfeng(刘引烽), Yang hon(杨红), et al.
Chemical modification of luffa sponge and its adsorption
characteristic for metal ions[J]. Technology of Water Treatment(水处
理技术), 2008, 34(7): 46-50.

[9] Song Y, Ye G, Lu Y, et al. Surface-initiated ARGET ATRP of
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图 9 循环次数对改性前、后丝瓜络对 Pb 吸附量的影响 poly(glycidyl methacylate) from carbon nanotubes via bioinspired
Fig. 9 Effect of cycles times on the recyclability of loofah catechol chemistry for efficient adsorption of uranium ions[J]. ASS
complex before and after modification Marolett, 2016, 5(3): 382-386.

[10] Hansson S, Carlmark A, Malmstrom E, et al. Toward industrial
3 结论 grafting of cellulosic substrates via ARGET ATRP[J]. J Appl Polym
Sci, 2015, 132(6): 811-819.
（1）以丝瓜络为基材，采用 ARGET-ATRP 法， [11] Ou K K, Wu X J, Wang B X, et al. Controlled in situ graft
合成了 Br 元素摩尔分数达 3.81%的丝瓜络大分子 polymerization of DMAEMA onto cotton surface via SI-ARGET
loofah-Br；以此大分子为引发剂，成功制备了含聚 ATRP for low-adherent wound dressings[J]. Cellulose, 2017, 24(11):
5211-5224.
甲 基丙烯 酸二 甲氨基 乙酯 刷的环 境修 复材 料
[12] Dong X, Bao H F, Ou K K, et al. Polymer-grafted modification of
loofah-g-PDMAEMA。
cotton fabrics by SI-ARGET ATRP[J]. Fibers and Polymers, 2015,
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（2）Loofah-g-PDMAEMA 吸附 Pb 最佳条件
16(7): 1478-1486.
为：pH=5.5、温度 30 ℃、吸附时间 5 h。该条件下 [13] Xing T L, Li S W, Xu X, et al. Structure and properties of slik grafted
的饱和吸附量为 107.8 mg/g。 with N, N-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate via the ARGET ATRP