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第 35 卷第 8 期 精 细 化 工 Vol.35, No.8
201 8 年 8 月 FINE CHEMICALS Aug. 2018

油田化学品与油品添加剂
吗啉衍生物的制备及缓蚀性能

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郭 睿，马 兰 ，郭 煜，宋 博，李云鹏，土瑞香
（陕西科技大学 陕西省轻化工助剂重点实验室，陕西 西安 710021）

摘要：以十八胺、环氧氯丙烷、N-羟乙基吗啉为原料，经环氧氯丙烷的开环反应和季铵化反应合成了双（1-氯-N-
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羟乙基吗啉 -2-羟丙基）正十八烷胺化合物，并对其结构进行了 FTIR、 HNMR 和 CNMR 表征。采用静态失
重法、环境扫描电镜、X 光电子能谱仪和接触角测试仪测试了吗啉双季铵盐缓蚀剂对 A3 钢的缓蚀作用。失重法
结果表明：吗啉双季铵盐缓蚀剂在温度为 45 ℃，质量浓度为 0.4 g/L 时，缓蚀率为 91.32%；XPS 结果表明，吗
啉双季铵盐分子在钢片表面形成薄膜，薄膜的接触角随着缓蚀剂浓度的增大而增大，在钢片表面的铺展程度逐
渐减小，致密性越好，缓蚀性能越好。
关键词：双季铵盐；吗啉；缓蚀剂；失重法；吸附机理；油田化学品
中图分类号：O626.4 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1003-5214 (2018) 08-1402-07

Preparation and Corrosion Inhibition Performance of

A Morpholine Derivative

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GUO Rui, MA Lan , GUO Yu, SONG Bo, LI Yun-peng, TU Rui-xiang
（Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chemical Additives for Industry, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an
710021, Shaanxi, China）

Abstract: Bis(1-chloro-N-hydroxyethylmorpholinium-2-hydroxypropyl)-n-octadecylamine quaternary
ammonium salt was synthesized with octadecylamine, epoxy chloropropane and N-hydroxyethyl morpholine
as raw materials by ring opening reaction and quaternization of epichlorohydrin. The structure of product
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was characterized by FTIR, HNMR and CNMR. And the corrosion inhibition performance of the product
on A3 steel was analyzed by static weight loss method, environmental scanning electron microscope, X-ray
photoelectron spectroscopy and contact angle tester. It was found that the resultant morpholine double
quaternary ammonium salt inhibitor exhibited an corrosion rate of 91.32% at temperature of 45 ℃ with a mass
concentration of 0.4 g/L. XPS results showed that the morphine double quaternary ammonium salt molecules
could form a thin film on the surface of steel sheet. The contact angle of the film increased with the increase
of the concentration of corrosion inhibitor, while the spreading degree on the surface of steel sheet
decreased. The better the density, the better the corrosion resistance.
Key words: double quaternary ammonium salt; morpholine; corrosion inhibitor; weight loss method;
adsorption mechanism; oil-field chemicals
Foundation items: Shaanxi Provincial Department of Education Service Local Special Project (15JF011);
Industrial Science and Technology Project of Shaanxi Province (2016GY-146)

随着油气开采量的增加，油田管道和储罐以及 究 [1-4] 。吗啉是一种含 N、O 元素的六元杂环化合物，
各种工艺设备的腐蚀越来越严重。科研工作者通过 通过吸附在金属的表面阻断活性位点或产生物理屏
[7]
研制缓蚀剂来解决这一问题。在众多缓蚀剂中，杂 障，从而减缓金属的腐蚀 [5-6] 。Nnaji 等研究了吗啉
环季铵盐类缓蚀剂由于其优良的杀菌性而被广泛研 和哌嗪的衍生物在盐酸中对低碳钢的缓蚀作用，

收稿日期：2017-07-24; 定用日期：2017-11-22; DOI: 10.13550/j.jxhg.20170595
基金项目：陕西省教育厅服务地方专项计划项目（15JF011）；陕西省工业科技攻关项目（2016GY-146）
作者简介：郭 睿（1959—），男，硕士，教授。联系人：马 兰（1992—），女，硕士生，E-mail：641697367@qq.com。