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第 36 卷第 2 期 精 细 化 工 Vol.36, No.2
201 9 年 2 月 FINE CHEMICALS Feb. 2019

皮革化学品
含醛基两性聚氨酯乳液的制备及表征

王学川 1,3 ，柴晓叶 2,3 ，许 伟 1,3 ，李 季 1,3

（1. 陕西科技大学 轻工科学与工程学院，陕西 西安 710021；2. 陕西科技大学 化学与化工学院，陕西
西安 710021；3. 轻化工程国家级实验教学示范中心，陕西 西安 710021）

摘要：以异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯（IPDI）、聚四氢呋喃醚二醇（PTMG）、2,4-二羟基苯甲醛（DDBA）、2,2-二羟甲
基丙酸（DMPA）和 N-甲基二乙醇胺（N-MDEA）为原料，通过加成反应制备了含醛基两性聚氨酯乳液（AAPU）。
考察了 r 值（IPDI 中的—NCO 与其他原料中总羟基的物质的量的比值）以及亲水扩链剂（DMPA）用量对乳液
粒径及稳定性的影响。利用紫外光谱（UV）、红外光谱（FTIR）对 AAPU 进行了结构表征，通过纳米粒度仪、
透射电镜和 Zeta 电位分析仪对乳胶粒的粒径大小、形貌和带电情况进行了测定。结果表明：产物具有预期的结
构。r 值控制为 1.20，DMPA 用量为 5%（以原料的总质量为基准，下同）时，所合成 AAPU 的平均粒径为 42.6 nm，
等电点为 5.16，乳胶粒外形呈较规则球形；由于 AAPU 表现为两性，它可在非金属鞣制体系的复鞣加工中作为
复鞣剂，有望提高皮革与阴离子湿整饰材料的结合能力。
关键词：醛基；两性聚氨酯；皮革复鞣剂；皮革化学品
中图分类号：TS529.2 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1003-5214(2019) 02-0302-07

Preparation and Characterization of a Novel Amphoteric
Polyurethane Emulsion Containing Aldehyde Group

1,3
1,3
2,3
1,3
WANG Xue-chuan , CHAI Xiao-ye , XU Wei , LI Ji
（1. College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an 710021,
Shaanxi, China; 2. College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an
710021, Shaanxi, China; 3. National Demonstration Center for Experimental Light Chemistry Engineering Education, Shaanxi
University of Science & Technology, Xi'an 710021, Shaanxi, China）
Abstract: New amphoteric polyurethane emulsions (AAPU) containing aldehyde group were prepared
by addition reaction using isophoronediisocyanate (IPDI), polytetrahydrofuran glycol (PTMG),2,4-
dihydroxybenzaldehyde (DDBA),2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl) propionic acid (DMPA) and N-methyldiethanolamine
(N-MDEA) as raw materials. The effects of r value (ratio of NCO in IPDI to the amount of total hydroxyl
in other materials) and dosage of hydrophilic chain extender (DMPA) on the particle size and stability of
emulsions were investigated. The structure of AAPU was characterized by UV and FTIR. The size,
morphology and electrification of emulsion particles were measured by nano particle size meter,
transmission electron microscopy and Zeta potential analyzer. The results showed that the products had the
expected structure. The emulsion particles exhibited relatively regular spherical structures with an average
particle size of 42.6 nm and isoelectric point of 5.16 when the r value was controlled at 1.2 and the dosage
of DMPA was 5% (based on the total mass of raw materials, the same below). Because AAPU is
amphoteric, it can be used as retanning agent in the retanning process of non-metal tanning system, which is
expected to improve the binding capacity of leather and anionic wet finishing materials.
Key words: aldehyde group; amphoteric polyurethane; leather retanning agent;leather chemicals
Foundation item: National Key R&D Program of China (2017YFB0308500)

收稿日期：2018-04-20; 定用日期：2018-09-25; DOI: 10.13550/j.jxhg.20180288
基金项目：“十三五”国家重点研发计划项目（2017YFB0308500）
作者简介：王学川（1963—），男，教授，E-mail：wxc@163.com。