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第 36 卷第 5 期 精 细 化 工 Vol.36, No.5
201 9 年 5 月 FINE CHEMICALS May 2019
油田化学品与油田添加剂
哑铃状含氟聚合物在柴油乳液中破乳及机理
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张 越 1,2 ,黄 鑫 1,2 ,姜 崴 ,白雪丽 1,2 ,温 亮 1,2 ,赵永祥 1,2*
(1. 山西大学 化学化工学院,山西 太原 030006;2. 精细化学品教育部工程研究中心,山西 太原
030006;3. 山西省化工设计院,山西 太原 030024)
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摘要:评价了 3 种具有不同聚乙二醇(PEG)亲水链段长度的哑铃状含氟多嵌段聚合物(FMCDSs)在 0 柴油/
水乳液中的破乳性能,并对比了聚醚类破乳剂、哑铃状的聚缩水甘油醚-PEG(PBG)聚合物的破乳性能。结果
显示:FMCDSs 比碳氢类聚合物有更佳的破乳性能;FMCDSs 的 PEG 链段长度对破乳性能有显着影响,以
PEG-4000 为亲水链段的破乳剂在质量浓度 300 mg/L 下,30 ℃静置 30 min 后,分油率可以达到 95%。此外,通
过界面张力、界面扩张流变性质表征发现:FMCDSs 可以有效吸附到柴油/水界面,而含氟部分是产生良好破乳
性能的主要因素。
关键词:含氟多嵌段聚合物;破乳;界面张力;界面扩张流变性质;油田化学品
中图分类号:TQ423.4 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1003-5214 (2019) 05-0999-06
Demulsification Performance and Mechanism of Dumbbell-shaped
Fluoro Copolymers in Diesel Emulsions
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1,2
1,2
1,2
1,2
ZHANG Yue , HUANG Xin , JIANG Wei , BAI Xue-li , WEN Liang , ZHAO Yong-xiang 1,2*
(1. College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi, China; 2. Engineering
Research Center of Ministry of Education for Fine Chemicals, Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi, China; 3. Shanxi Provincial
Chemical Design Institute, Taiyuan 030024, Shanxi, China)
Abstract: The demulsification performance of three fluorinated multi-block copolymers with dumbbell-
shaped structure (FMCDSs) containing different hydrophilic polyethylene glycol (PEG) segment in diesel
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oil (0 )/water emulsion were investigated, and compared with those of polyether demulsifiers and
dumbbell-shaped polyglycerol-PEG (PBG) polymers. The results showed that these FMCDSs exhibited
better demulsification performance than the hydrocarbon polymers. PEG segment length in FMCDSs had a
significant effect on demulsification performance. Especially, the synthesized demulsifier containing PEG-
4000 segment showed good diesel separation efficiency, and the oil separation efficiency reached 95% within
30 min at a dosage of 300 mg/L (30 ℃). In addition, based on the results of interfacial tension and interfacial
dilation rheology measurements, it was found that the FMCDSs could effectively adsorb on the diesel-water
interface, and the fluorined groups were the major factor in producing good demulsification properties.
Key words: fluorinated multi-block copolymers; demulsification; interfacial tension; interfacial dilation
rheological property; oil field chemicals
Foundation item: National Natural Science Foundation of China (21673132)
直馏柴油往往含有环烷酸、脂肪酸等有机酸, 柴油的分离和酸类物质回收,因而需要对所形成的
需要在加工中将其分离去除 [1-3] 。柴油脱酸精制主要 乳液快速破乳 [4-8] 。
采用碱洗电精制方法。在碱洗脱酸过程中,环烷酸 常见破乳方法有重力分离、化学、热、生物、
会与碱形成环烷酸钠,进而导致柴油乳化,不利于 微波和机械等方法 [9-11] 。由于化学破乳具有简便高
收稿日期:2018-09-19; 定用日期:2019-01-11; DOI: 10.13550/j.jxhg.20180703
基金项目:国家自然科学基金面上项目(21673132)
作者简介:张 越(1974—),男,博士,副教授,硕士生导师,E-mail:zyue@sxu.edu.cn。联系人:赵永祥(1965—),男,博士生
导师,E-mail:yxzhao@sxu.edu.cn。