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第 36 卷第 5 期 精 细 化 工 Vol.36, No.5
201 9 年 5 月 FINE CHEMICALS May 2019

建筑用化学品
一种新型联吡啶双子季铵盐的合成及缓蚀性能

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董秋辰 ，张光华 ，张万斌 ，刘 瑜
（1. 陕西科技大学 陕西省轻化工助剂重点实验室，陕西 西安 710021；2. 陕西日新石油化工有限公司，
陕西 西安 710200）
摘要：以 4, 4'-联吡啶和氯化苄为原料，经季铵化反应制备了化合物 1, 1-二苄基-4, 4-联吡啶双子季铵盐（PBA），
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产率为 76.3%，通过 FTIR、 HNMR 对产物结构进行了表征；利用失重法、电化学技术、AFM 考察了 PBA 对
1 mol/L 盐酸溶液中 Q235 钢的缓蚀作用和其在 Q235 钢表面的吸附行为。结果表明，PBA 是一种同时抑制阴、
阳极的混合型缓蚀剂，缓蚀率随 PBA 浓度的增加而增加，随温度的升高而略有降低。当 PBA 质量浓度为 80 mg/L
时，缓蚀率可达 96.53%。PBA 在 Q235 钢表面的吸附为放热反应，遵循 Langmuir 等温式，是以化学吸附为主的
混合型吸附。PBA 在钢表面形成了一层致密的保护膜，大大阻碍了钢腐蚀。使用量子化学法研究了 PBA 的缓蚀
机理，结果表明，PBA 的活性区域集中于苯环和杂环上，且 PBA 分子接受电子的能力大于提供电子的能力。
关键词：缓蚀剂；缓蚀机理；Q235 碳钢；Langmuir 吸附模型；量子化学；建筑用化学品
中图分类号：TG174.4 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1003-5214 (2019) 05-1005-07

Synthesis and Corrosion Inhibition Performance of a Novel
Bipyridine Gemini Quaternary Ammonium Salt

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DONG Qiu-chen , ZHANG Guang-hua , ZHANG Wan-bin , LIU Yu
（1. Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chemical Additives for Industry, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an
710021, Shaanxi, China; 2. Shaanxi Rixin Petrochemical Limited Liability Company, Xi'an 710200, Shaanxi, China）
Abstract: 1,1-Dibenzyl-4,4-bipyridine gemini quaternary ammonium salt (PBA) in 76.3% yield was
synthesized by quaternization of 4,4-bipyridine. The structure of PBA was characterized by FTIR and
1 HNMR. The corrosion inhibition of PBA on the Q235 carbon steel in 1 mol/L hydrochloric acid solution
and its adsorption behavior on the surface of Q235 carbon steel were studied by means of weight loss
method, electrochemical technique and atomic force microscope (AFM) observation. The results showed
that PBA was a mixed inhibitor that inhibited both cathode and anode.The inhibition efficiency increased
with the increase of PBA concentration and decreased slightly with the increase of temperature. When the
mass concentration of PBA was 80 mg/L, the inhibition efficiency reached up to 96.53%. The adsorption of
PBA on the surface of Q235 carbon steel was exothermic reaction, following the Langmuir adsorption
isotherm, which was a mixed adsorption based on chemical adsorption. PBA formed a compact protective
film on the steel surface, which greatly hindered the steel corrosion. Quantum chemical method was used to
study the inhibition mechanism of PBA. It was found that the active region of PBA was concentrated on
benzene ring and heterocyclic ring, and the ability of PBA molecule to accept electrons was greater than
that to provide electrons.
Key words: corrosion inhibitor; corrosion inhibition mechanism; Q235 carbon steel; Langmuir adsorption
model; quantum chemistry; building chemicals
Foundation item: Shaanxi Provincial Department of Education Key Laboratory Research Project (14JS016)

收稿日期：2018-10-23; 定用日期：2019-01-10; DOI: 10.13550/j.jxhg.20180786
基金项目：陕西省教育厅重点实验室科研计划项目（14JS016）
作者简介： 董秋辰（1995—），男，硕士生，E-mail：1069813711@qq.com。联系人：张光华（1962—），男，教授，E-mail：zhanggh@sust.edu.cn。