Page 49 - 精细化工2019年第8期

第 36 卷第 8 期 精 细 化 工 Vol.36, No.8
201 9 年 8 月 FINE CHEMICALS Aug. 2019

功能材料
腐植酸改性水性聚氨酯的制备及其性能

赵艳娜 1,2 ，林 磊 1,2* ，牛育华 1,2 ，宋 洁 1,2 ，吕 博 1,2

（1. 陕西科技大学 化学与化工学院，陕西 西安 710021；2. 教育部轻化工助剂化学与技术重点实验室，
陕西 西安 710021）

摘要：以聚己内酯二元醇（PCL）、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯（IPDI）、二羟甲基丙酸（DMPA）、三羟甲基丙烷（TMP）
为基本原料，腐植酸（HA）为改性剂，合成了一系列腐植酸改性的水性聚氨酯乳液（HAWPU）。采用 FTIR、
DLS、TGA、SEM、力学分析等对 HAWPU 进行了结构表征和性能测试，考察了 HA 添加量对 HAWPU 乳液外
观、粒径以及成膜吸水率、热稳定性、机械性能的影响。结果表明：HAWPU 乳液都具备良好的粒径分布和贮
存稳定性。当 HA 质量分数为 0.3%（占乳液体系总质量）时，HAWPU 乳液平均粒径仅为 47.60 nm；胶膜的拉
伸强度可达 52.54 MPa，相比于 WPU 提高了 55.8%；热稳定性也明显提高，质量损失 50%（占胶膜热解前质量）
的温度为 334 ℃，高于 WPU 胶膜（322 ℃）。
关键词：腐植酸；改性水性聚氨酯；热稳定性；拉伸强度；功能材料
中图分类号：TQ317 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1003-5214 (2019) 08-1537-06

Preparation and Properties of Humic Acid Modified Waterborne Polyurethane

1,2
1,2
1,2
1,2
ZHAO Yan-na , LIN Lei 1,2* , NIU Yu-hua , SONG Jie , LÜ Bo
（1. College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an 710021,
Shaanxi, China; 2. Key Laboratory of Aid Chemistry & Technology for Light Chemical Industry, Ministry of Education,
Xi'an 710021, Shaanxi, China）
Abstract: A series of humic acid modified waterborne polyurethane emulsions (HAWPU) were successfully
synthesized using poly-caprolactonediol (PCL), isophoronediisocyanate (IPDI), dimethylolpropionic acid
(DMPA) and trimethylolpropane (TMP) as raw materials, and humic acid (HA) as modifier. The structural
characterization and performance tests of HAWPU were carried out by FTIR, DLS, TGA, SEM and
mechanical analysis. The effects of HA addition amount on the appearance and particle size of HAWPU
emulsion as well as the water absorption rate, thermal stability and mechanical properties of HAWPU films
were investigated. The results showed that HAWPU emulsions had good particle size distribution and
storage stability. When the HA mass fraction was 0.3% (accounting for the total mass of the emulsion
system), the average particle size of the HAWPU emulsion was only 47.60 nm.The tensile strength of this
HAWPU film reached 52.54 MPa, which was an improvement of 55.8% compared with that of WPU.The
thermal stability was also significantly improved, and the temperature at 50% weight loss (accounting for
the mass of the film before pyrolysis) was 334 ℃, which was higher than that of WPU film (322 ℃).
Key words: humic acid; modified waterborne polyurethane; thermal stability; tensile strength; functional
materials

水性聚氨酯（WPU）作为一种常见的高分子材 随着水性聚氨酯更加深入地研究和广泛的应用，对
料在合成过程中以水代替有机溶剂，避免了有机溶 其性能也提出更高的要求，今后的水性聚氨酯必将
剂的挥发，符合当今环境友好、无毒的环保要求 [1-3] 。 朝着高性能、多功能方向发展 [4-6] 。然而，传统水性

收稿日期：2018-12-26; 定用日期：2019-03-25; DOI: 10.13550/j.jxhg.20180949
基金项目：陕西省教育厅重点实验室研究项目（17JS011）；陕西农业科技创新项目（NYKJ-2017-01）；陕西省科技计划项目
（2018ZDXM-NY-059）
作者简介：赵艳娜（1979—），女，教授，博士，E-mail：zhaoyn@sust.edu.cn。联系人：林 磊（1996—），男，硕士生，E-mail：
932726487@qq.com。