Page 133 - 《精细化工》2020年第12期

第 12 期 宋 洁，等: 花生壳纤维增强 PBS 复合材料的制备及性能
表 4 PBS/5% F 复合材料中 C 1s、O 1s 的结合能数据
Table 4 Binding energy data of C 1s and O 1s of PBS/5%
F composite material
键型 PBS
C 1s 结合能/eV
C—C 282.9
C—O 284.4
C==O 286.9
O 1s 结合能/eV
O—C 530.0
O==C 531.4
结合图 7 和表 4 的数据可以看出，在 PBS 中添
加花生壳纤维后，复合材料的 C 元素和 O 元素的结
合能发生了 0.5~0.7 V 偏移，进一步说明花生壳纤维
的加入使得 PBS 中的极性官能团酯基与花生壳纤维
中的酚羟基在共混过程中产生了氢键、范德华力等
分子间相互作用，使得复合材料中元素的化学结合
能抵消而发生偏移。
从以上分子模拟和 XPS 的结果可以看出，花生
壳纤维与 PBS 之间发生了氢键作用，含有黄酮类物
质的其他植物纤维亦可同花生壳纤维一样，与 PBS
产生分子间相互作用，可以扩大其他植物纤维在
PBS 上的应用。
3 结论
（1）花生壳纤维对 PBS 的晶型没有较大的影
响，但 PBS 的结晶行为产生了一定改变，共混后花
生壳纤维干扰了 PBS 分子链的移动伸展，使得 PBS
分子链进入晶格时受到阻碍，减小了球晶的尺寸，
起到成核剂的作用，且在实验设立的比例中，花生
壳纤维添加量为 5%时成核作用最强。
（2）花生壳纤维在复合材料中起到“桥梁”作
用，伴随分子间作用力的存在，使得在花生壳纤维
添加量为 5%时复合材料的热性能和力学性能较纯
PBS 提高，复合材料质量损失 5%时的温度提高了
11.4 ℃，拉伸强度与断裂伸长率分别增加了 7.8%、
6.7%。
（3）分子模拟与 XPS 结果证明，花生壳纤维与
PBS 形成了 C==O···H—O，从而增强了两者的界面
结合性，在花生壳纤维添加量为 5%时复合材料综合
性能最优。
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