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·1924·                            精细化工   FINE CHEMICALS                                 第 37 卷

            溶液中主要的磷形态是H 3PO 4,H 3PO 4 与ES@Fe 3O 4-La               Engineering Journal, 2015, 271: 204-213.
            的结合较弱,吸附能力差            [40] 。2.13<pH<7.20 时,主      [5]   LI Y Z, LIU C J, LUAN Z K, et al. Phosphate removal from aqueous
                                                                   solutions using raw and activated red mud and fly ash[J]. Journal of
                                   –
            要的磷形态转化为 H 2 PO 4 ,ES@Fe 3 O 4 -La 表面通过                Hazardous Materials, 2006, 137(1): 374-383.
                                          –
            质子化带正电荷。因此,H 2 PO 4 被静电力吸附在                        [6]  YANG X F(杨徐烽).Discussion on the process of phosphorus
                                                                   removal from wastewater [J].Energy Conservation & Environmental
            ES@Fe 3 O 4 -La 上。当溶液 pH>7.20 时,ES@Fe 3 O 4 -La
                                                                   Protection(节能与环保),2020,(3):48-49.
            去质子化,吸附剂表面带负电荷,主要的磷形态为                             [7]   SONG P P, YANG Z H, XU H Y, et al. Investigation of influencing
                 2–
            HPO 4 。静电排斥对于磷酸盐吸附产生阻碍作用,                              factors and mechanism of antimony and arsenic removal by
                                                                   electrocoagulation using Fe-Al electrodes[J]. Industrial & Engineering
                      –
            且水中 OH 浓度逐渐增大,和磷酸盐阴离子竞争作                               Chemistry Research, 2014, 53(33): 12911-12919.
            用逐渐增强,吸附量有所降低。但是,碱性条件下                             [8]   HE W J (何雯菁), YANG S M (杨曙明), ZHANG G Y  (张国友).
            的 ES@Fe 3 O 4 -La 依然表现出较好的磷酸盐去除效                       Recent studies on eggshell as adsorption material[J]. Transactions of
                                                                   the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering (农业工程学报),
            果。原因可能是 ES@Fe 3 O 4 -La 表面覆盖了氢氧化镧                      2016, 32(S2): 297-303.
            活性层,对于磷酸盐的亲和作用充分补偿了静电排                             [9]   LAJTHA K, BLOOMER S H. Factors affecting phosphate sorption
                                                                   and phosphate retention in a desert ecosystem[J]. Soil Science, 1988,
            斥作用。在溶液 pH 较高时路易斯酸碱作用是脱除                               146(3): 160-167.
            磷酸盐的主要作用         [36] ,因为路易斯酸碱作用是镧与                [10]  KARAGEORGIOU K, PASCHALIS  M, ANASTASSAKIS G N.
            磷酸盐的特异性结合作用的化学基础。此外,镧与                                 Removal of phosphate species from  solution  by adsorption onto
                                                                   calcite used as natural adsorbent[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials,
            磷酸盐之间还可能存在配体交换作用。同时,Ca                       2+
                                                                   2007, 139(3): 447-452.
                   2–
            与 HPO 4 在 ES@Fe 3 O 4 -La 表面生成 CaHPO 4 沉淀,         [11]  KAASIK  A, VOHLA C, MOTLEP  R,  et al. Hydrated calcareous
            可进一步增加除磷效率           [22] 。                            oil-shale ash as potential filter media for phosphorus removal in
                                                                   constructed wetlands[J].Water Research, 2008, 42(4/5): 1315-1323.
                                                               [12]  SHARIATMADARI H, SHIRVANI  M, JAFARI A. Phosphorus
            3   结论                                                 release kinetics and availability in calcareous soils of selected arid
                                                                   and semiarid toposequences[J]. Geoderma, 2006, 132(3/4): 261-272.
                 ES@Fe 3 O 4 -La 的 X 射线荧光光谱、X 射线衍射、            [13]  LAMMIE D, BAIN M M, WESS T J. Microfocus X-ray scattering
                                                                   investigations of eggshell  nanotexture[J]. Journal  of  Synchrotron
            傅里叶变换红外光谱和粒度分析结果表明:Fe 3 O 4
                                                                   Radiation, 2005, 12(6): 721-726.
            和 La 均成功载入鸡蛋壳。                                     [14]  YAN J J (闫久菊), WU L P (吴丽萍), WEN  K J (文科军),  et al.
                 与 ES 相比,ES@Fe 3 O 4 -La 能够明显提高对磷                  Absorption performance of phosphorus on high-temperature modified
                                                                   eggshell in wastewater[J]. Journal of  Tianjin Chengjian  University
            酸盐的吸附,25  ℃下 ES@Fe 3 O 4 -La 对磷酸盐的 q max
                                                                   (天津城建大学学报), 2019, 25(1): 46-50.
            为 18.02 mg/g,而 ES 上的 q max 仅为 2.58 mg/g;           [15] CHEN  T  (陈天). Study on the removal of phosphorus from  waste
            ES@Fe 3 O 4 -La 对磷酸盐的吸附是吸热过程,在 25~                     water by  modified egg shells[D]. Nanjing: Nanjing University of
                                                                   Information Science and Technology (南京信息工程大学), 2011.
            40 ℃内,温度升高有利于 ES@Fe 3 O 4 -La 对磷酸盐吸
                                                               [16]  NING P (宁平), LI B (李彬), YANG Y H (杨月红), et al. Rare earth
            附的 自发进行; ES@Fe 3 O 4 -La 吸附等温 线符 合                     sorbent for dynamic phosphate removal in slightly polluted water[J].
            Langmuir 方程,为单分子层吸附;ES@Fe 3O 4-La 对磷                   Journal of the Chinese Rare Earth Society (中国稀土学报), 2005,
                                                                   23(S2): 121-124.
            酸盐的吸附动力学过程遵循准二级反应动力学模型;                            [17]  SI J (司静), LU S Y (卢少勇), JIN X C (金相灿), et al. Effect of pH
            溶液初始 pH 显著影响 ES@Fe 3 O 4 -La 对磷酸盐的吸                    value and light on La-modified bentonite adsorption of phosphorus
            附效果,当 pH 为 4 左右时,ES@Fe 3 O 4 -La 对磷酸                   and nitrogen in water[J]. China Environmental Science (中国环境科
                                                                   学), 2009, 29(9): 946-950.
            盐的吸附效果最佳。                                          [18]  PHAM T, LEE K, KIM M S,et al. La-modified ZSM-5 zeolite beads
                 后期会采用实际废水进行研究来考察吸附剂实                              for enhancement in removal and recovery of phosphate[J]. Microporous
                                                                   and Mesoporous Materials, 2019, 279: 37-44.
            际应用情况,并对吸附机理进行进一步探究。
                                                               [19]  KUROKI  V, BOSCO G E, FADINI  P S,  et al. Use of a La(Ⅲ)-
                                                                   modified bentonite for effective phosphate removal from aqueous
            参考文献:                                                  media[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2014, 274: 124-131.
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