Page 218 - 《精细化工》2020年第9期
P. 218

·1932·                            精细化工   FINE CHEMICALS                                 第 37 卷

            性 M-MFRP-PP 能够保护内部结构不受破坏,明显                        热分解挥发产物成分相近,M-MFRP-PP 的分解焓由
            减少了烟的释放速率和 CO 的释放,抑制了烟雾的                           MFRP-PP 的 58 mW 提高到 63 mW;锥形量热测试
            生成,有效地保护了基材。在火灾中,人们往往是                             M-MFRP-PP 的 PHRR、THR、TSP 以 COP 均小于
            因有毒气体的释放而造成昏迷或死亡。经过改性处                             MFRP-PP;M-MFRP-PP 燃烧残炭形貌更均匀致密。
            理的样品 M-MFRP-PP,在发生火灾后带来的危害相                            因此,改性 MF 包覆 RP 可以降低包覆 RP 在阻
            对较小。                                               燃材料加工过程中 PH 3 的释放量,不会对阻燃材料
                                                               性能产生额外的不利影响。
            表 4    MFRP-PP(a)和 M-MFRP-PP(b)的锥形量热
                  数据                                           参考文献:
            Table  4    Cone  calorimeter  data  of  MFRP-PP(a)  and  M-   [1]   CHEN X Y, HUANG Z H, XI X Q, et al. Synergistic effect of carbon
                     MFRP-PP(b)                                    and phosphorus flame retardants in rigid polyurethane foams[J]. Fire
                            PHRR/     THR/     TSP/  COP/          and Materials, 2018, 42(4): 447-453.
                试样     TTI/s     2       2      2
                            (kW/m )  〔MJ/(m ·kg)〕(m /kg)  (mg/s)  [2]   MO  H  B,  XU  L  P,  ZHOU  T.  Novel  synergistic  flame-retardant
            MFRP-PP     48   632.9     89.1    27.5   42.2         system  of  Mg-Al-Co-LDHs/DPCPB  for  ABS  resins[J].  Journal  of
                                                                   Applied Polymer Science, 2018, 135(22): 46319.
            M-MFRP-PP  47    588.5     87.9    24.9   38.8
                                                               [3]   LIU  Y  H, ZHANG A  Y,  SHEN C F,  et al.  Single-step  flash-heat
                 注:PHRR 为热释放速率峰值;SPR 为烟释放速率; TSP                   synthesis  of  red  phosphorus/graphene  flame-retardant  composite  as
            为总烟释放量;COP 为 CO 释放量。                                   flexible  anodes  for  sodium-ion  batteries[J].  Nano  Research,  2018,
                                                                   11(7): 3780-3790.
                 图 7 为 MFRP-PP 和 M-MFRP-PP 锥形量热测试              [4]   ZHOU D F, HE W D, WANG N, et al. Effect of thermo-oxidative
                                                                   aging on the mechanical and flame retardant properties of long glass
            后所得炭层的 SEM 图。                                          fiber-reinforced  polypropylene  composites  filled  with  red
                                                                   phosphorus[J]. Polymer Composites, 2018, 39(8): 2635-2642.
                                                               [5]   XU L, WANG J P, YANG R.  A new  flame retardance strategy for
                                                                   shape stabilized phase change materials by surface coating[J]. Solar
                                                                   Energy Materials and Solar Cells, 2017, 170(10): 87-94.
                                                               [6]   WANG D K, HE H, YU P. Flame-retardant and thermal degradation
                                                                   mechanism  of  low-density  polyethylene  modified  with  aluminum
                                                                   hypophosphite and microencapsulated red phosphorus[J]. Journal of
                                                                   Applied Polymer Science, 2016, 133(13): 43225.
                                                               [7]   WU Z P,  HU Y C,  CHEN M Q.  The  effect of  intumescent  flame
                                                                   retardant contained microencapsulated red phosphorus on the flame
                                                                   retardance  and  thermal  degradation  behaviour  of  epoxy  resin[J].
            图 7    MFRP-PP(a)和 M-MFRP-PP(b)炭层扫描电镜图                 Advanced Materials Research, 2011, 197/198: 1167-1170.
            Fig. 7    SEM images of carbon layer of MFRP-PP(a) and M-   [8]   LIU  J  C,  PENG  S  G,  ZHANG  Y  B,  et al.  Influence  of
                   MFRP-PP(b)                                      microencapsulated  red  phosphorus  on the  flame  retardancy  of  high
                                                                   impact polystyrene/magnesium hydroxide composite and its mode of
                 从图 7 可以看到,二者均形成了致密炭层,但                            action[J].  Polymer  Degradation  and  Stability,  2015,  121(11):
            是 MFRP-PP 形成的炭层较疏松,而 M-MFRP-PP 形                       208-221.
                                                               [9]   NING Y C (宁永成). Structural identification of organic compounds
            成的炭层较紧致。所以,改性 MF 包覆 RP 对所阻燃                            and organic spectroscopy [M]. 3rd ed. Beijing: Science Press (科学
            的 PP 性能没有明显影响,反而使热解形成的炭层更                              出版社), 2014.
            均匀致密。                                              [10]  MA  Q  (马千), LIU Z J (刘增杰),  LIANG  Y  (梁轶),  et al.  Red
                                                                   phosphorus coating with dialcohol-modified melamine formaldehyde
                                                                   resin[J]. Applied Chemistry (应用化学), 2015, 32(10): 1153-1158.
            3    结论                                            [11]  SUN  C  Y, DONG T H,  MA Q,  et al.  The  invention  relates  to  a
                                                                   method for simulating the press of a red phosphorus flame retardant
                 M-MFRP 在阻燃 PP 加工条件下 PH 3 释放量明                     material   and   absorbing   phosphine   in   a   laboratory:
            显降低,对 PP 的阻燃性能、力学性能、热分解性能                              CN104297187A[P]. 2015-01-21.
                                                               [12]  REN Y, YUAN D D, LI W M, et al. Flame retardant efficiency of
            以及火行为影响不大。添加量为 10%  MFRP 或                             KH-550  modified  urea-formaldehyde  resin  cooperating  with
            M-MFRP 的 PP,其 LOI 值分别达到 22.9%和 22.5%,                  ammonium   polyphosphate   on   polypropylene[J].   Polymer
                                                                   Degradation and Stability, 2018, 151: 160-171.
            垂直燃烧均通过 UL-94  V-1 级;力学性能接近;
                                                               [13]  WANG  L  (王磊).  Mechanical  properties  of  materials[M].  3rd  ed.
            MFRP-PP 和 M-MFRP-PP 的热分解性能差异不大;                        Shenyang: Northeastern University Press (东北大学出版社), 2014.
   213   214   215   216   217   218   219   220   221   222   223