Page 106 - 《精细化工》2021年第11期

第 38 卷第 11 期 精 细 化 工 Vol.38, No.11
2021 年 11 月 FINE CHEMICALS Nov. 2021

功能材料
鲍鱼壳微结构中远红外反射特性测试与仿真

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杨迪皓，李香玉，蹇锡高，王锦艳
（大连理工大学 化工学院 高分子材料，辽宁 大连 116024）

摘要：对鲍鱼壳微结构在红外波段的反射特性进行了测试。通过 SEM 对鲍鱼壳横截面进行观察，发现鲍鱼壳是
由表壳层、棱柱层和珍珠层组成，其中，珍珠层呈现规则的“叠层砖-泥”结构。采用 FTIR 对珍珠层进行测试，
发现该结构在中远红外区具有较高反射率，利用 comsol5.4 软件对其结构进行模拟，考察了结构参数对反射率的
影响，发现鲍鱼壳微结构为 42 层砖泥结构，其中的材料层厚 1.37 μm 折射率 2，空气层厚 2 μm，填充空气折射
率为 1，对红外隐身具有很好的效果。采用不同质量分数的聚乙烯醇溶液进行冷冻干燥循环，构建模拟的叠层
结构。结果表明，质量分数 10%的聚乙烯醇溶液制备的层状结构样品的红外反射率与模拟结构的结果相吻合。
关键词：红外隐身；结构色；鲍鱼壳；微结构；仿真模拟；功能材料
中图分类号：TB34 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1003-5214 (2021) 11-2252-07

Testing and simulation of far infrared reflection characteristics of
abalone shell microstructure

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YANG Dihao, LI Xiangyu, JIAN Xigao, WANG Jinyan
（Department of Polymer Science and Materials, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology,
Dalian 116024, Liaoning, China）

Abstract: The reflection characteristics of abalone shell microstructure in the infrared band were tested.
The cross section of abalone shell was observed by SEM, and it was found that the abalone shell was
composed of surface shell layer, prismatic layer and pearl layer, and the pearl layer presented a regular
“stacked brick-mud” structure. The pearl layer was tested by FTIR. The results showed that this kind of
structure displayed a high reflectivity in the mid-far infrared region. Then the comsol5.4 software was used
to simulate the “stacked brick-mud” structure to investigate the effects of structural parameters on the
reflectivity. It was found that the microstructure of the abalone shell was a 42-layers of brick mud structure,
of which the material layer was 1.37 μm thick and refractivity was 2, the air layer was 2 μm thick, and the
filled air refractivity was 1, which had a good effect on infrared stealth. Polyvinyl alcohol solutions with
different mass fractions were used for freeze-drying cycle to construct the simulated stacked structure. The
results indicated that the infrared reflectivity of the stacked structure sample prepared by polyethylene
alcohol solution with 10% mass fraction was consistent with the results of the simulated structure.
Key words: infrared stealth; structural color; abalone shell; microstructure; simulation; functional materials

中远红外隐身是通过技术减少红外辐射特性， 物体表面发射率的红外隐身技术依然无法满足波段
降低在中红外 3~5 μm 和远红外 8~14 μm 窗口被探 兼容性和高效隐形的需求。自然界生物体天然微纳
查的几率。由基尔霍夫定律的反射率和发射率总和 米结构经过千万年优胜劣汰所形成的生存技巧，其
为 1 可得，实现材料对中远红外光的高反射率和低 伪装欺敌本能是现今科技所不及，探索其中的科学
[1]
发射率都是有效红外隐身策略 。目前，通过降低 原理应用在隐形技术上将是一种新的突破。

收稿日期：2021-05-28; 定用日期：2021-06-05; DOI: 10.13550/j.jxhg.20210537
基金项目：国防基础加强计划项目
作者简介：杨迪皓（1996—），男，硕士生，E-mail：605812358@qq.com。联系人：王锦艳（1970—），女，教授，E-mail：wangjinyan@
dlut.edu.cn。