Page 40 - 《精细化工》2021年第6期
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·1102·                            精细化工   FINE CHEMICALS                                 第 38 卷

            (CB)电位为 0.46 eV,很容易被加热激发                [23,26] ,      of CoFe 2O 4@C nano-composites and their catalytic performance for
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            当其受到热激发后将产生大量的空穴和电子,这些                                 Journal  of Explosives & Propellants (火炸药学报), 2019, 42(4):
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            空穴一方面可以转移给受热处于亚稳态的 AP,加速                           [7]   HOSSEINI S, AHMADI R, GHAVI A,  et al. Synthesis and char-
            HClO 4 和 NH 3 的生成,且随着温度的增加,空穴和                         acterization of α-Fe 2O 3, mesoporous using SBA-15 silica as template
                                                                   and investigation of its catalytic activity for thermal decomposition
            电子的浓度快速增加,同时也将提供给中间生成的                                 of ammonium perchlorate particles[J]. Powder Technology, 2015,
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            HClO 4 和 NH 3,这些空穴和电子的强氧化作用和强还                     [8]   CHEN J, HE S  M, HUANG B,  et al. Highly space-confined
            原作用可以加快 NH 3 与 HClO 4 的氧化还原反应            [3,27] ,      ammonium perchlorate in three-dimensional hierarchically ordered
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            最终完成 AP 的热分解反应。另外,纳米 Al 粉在                             Applied Surface Science, 2018, 457(1): 508-515.
            CuO 的基底上复合紧密,且纳米 Al 拥有较好的导电                        [9]   VARGEESE A  A. A kinetic investigation on the mechanism and
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            作用也是由 CuO 和 Al 协同作用的结果。                            [11]  MAHINROOSTA M. Catalytic effect of commercial nano-CuO and
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            CuO/Al 复合催化剂,其为块状颗粒,以 CuO 为基                       [13]  QIN H, ZHA M, MA Z,  et al. Controllable fabrication of
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            底,表面负载了大量分散的纳米 Al 粉,二者结合紧                              membrane anti-solvent recrystallization[J]. Propellants  Explosives
            密,形成了完整的纳米复合材料。                                        Pyrotechnics, 2015, 39(5): 694-700.
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                (2)通过研究相同条件下添加 CuO/Al 复合催                          composite particles: CN 201610070127[P]. 2016-02-01.
            化剂和 CuO+Al 混合物对 AP 的催化作用,可以得                       [15]  WANG H,  ZACHARIAH M R, XIE L,  et al. Ignition and
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            出所制备 CuO/Al 复合催化剂对 AP 的催化作用明显                          micro-sized composites produced by electrospray technique[J].
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            优于普通混合物 CuO+Al,促进了 AP 在低温下快速                       [16]  ZHU Y, ZHOU  X, XU J  B,  et al.  In situ preparation of explosive
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            分解,提高了 AP 的热分解效率。由此可以说明,                               reactivity[J]. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2018, 354: 885-895.
            该含能催化剂可以有效将燃料 Al 粉和 CuO 两种组                        [17]  INGALE S V, SASTRY P, WAGH P B,  et al. Preparation of
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            分进行功能化集成,这对今后推进剂中多组分功能                                 Explosives Pyrotechnics, 2013, 38: 515-519.
            化集成研究应用提供了思路和基础。                                   [18]  WANG C A, XU J B, D J, et al. Probing the reaction mechanism of
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                (3)通过对比添加质量分数 1%、3%、5%的                            Nanotechnology, 2020, 31: 255401.
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            加入量越多催化效果越强,热分解速率越快,添加                                 decomposition reaction kinetics  of the  super  thermite Al/CuO
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            温分解峰和高温分解峰分别降为 289.4 和 318.0  ℃,                       Synthesis and characterization of copper-based aerogel[J].  Atomic
            相对纯 AP,峰温分别降低了 24.2 和 120.2  ℃,大                       Energy Science  and Technology (原子能科学技术), 2012, 46(11):
                                                                   1292-1295.
            大改善了 AP 的热分解性能,提高了其热分解效率。                          [21]  CHENG J, ZHANG  R  C, LI  Z M,  et al. Preparation and
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