Page 118 - 《精细化工》2022年第11期

第 39 卷第 11 期 精 细 化 工 Vol.39, No.11
2022 年 11 月 FINE CHEMICALS Nov. 2022

功能材料
稳定分散的纳米 CeO 胶体的制备及性能
2

姬定西，胡振华，李俊菀，龙国军，王园园，孟 龙

（西安热工研究院有限公司，陕西 西安 710054）

摘要：室温下，以 Ce(NO 3 ) 3 •6H 2 O 为铈源、NH 3 •H 2 O 为 pH 调节剂、聚乙烯醇为分散剂，制备了纳米 CeO 2 胶体，
采用 FTIR、DLS、XRD 和 TEM 对其进行了结构表征和性能测试，探讨了其可能的形成机理和稳定存在的原因。
结果表明，通过温和、简单的制备工艺得到了能有效分散在聚乙烯醇中的纳米 CeO 2 胶体，其晶型为面心立方晶
系，晶体结构为萤石型，平均直径约为 28.2 nm，可稳定贮存 12 个月。比较了相同测试条件下纳米 CeO 2 改性水
性聚氨酯（CWPU）与 2,4-二羟基二苯甲酮（UV-0）改性水性聚氨酯（DWPU）胶膜的抗紫外老化性能和热稳
定性。发现与 DWPU 胶膜相比，CWPU 胶膜的黄变程度、黄变值、磨损量分别下降了 58.2%、62.5%、56.4%，
拉伸强度和断裂伸长率下降率分别下降了 47.8%、43.3%。DWPU 胶膜质量损失率为 50%时的分解温度为
310.62 ℃，该温度下，CWPU 胶膜的质量损失率仅为 12.35%，CWPU 胶膜最大热分解速率对应的温度要比 DWPU
胶膜的约高 80 ℃。
关键词：纳米 CeO 2 ；胶体；聚乙烯醇；分散；紫外屏蔽
中图分类号：O614.33 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1003-5214 (2022) 11-2268-07

Preparation and properties of stably dispersed nano ceria colloids

JI Dingxi, HU Zhenhua, LI Junwan, LONG Guojun, WANG Yuanyuan, MENG Long
（Xi'an Thermal Power Research Institute Co., Ltd., Xi'an 710054, Shaanxi, China）

Abstract: Nano CeO 2 colloids were prepared at room temperature using Ce(NO 3) 3•6H 2O as cerium source,
NH 3•H 2O as pH regulator, and polyvinyl alcohol as dispersant. The structure and properties of the nano
CeO 2 colloids obtained were then characterized and analyzed by FTIR, DLS, XRD and TEM, followed by
discussions on the possible formation mechanism and reasons for the stable existence. The results showed
that the mild and simple preparation process led to the formation of nano CeO 2 colloids effectively
dispersed in polyvinyl alcohol, whose crystal structure was face-centered cubic of fluorite type with an
average diameter of 28.2 nm and stable storage for 12 months. The UV aging resistance and thermal
stability of waterborne polyurethane modified by nano CeO 2 (CWPU) were further compared with those of
waterborne polyurethane modified by 2,4-dihydroxybenzophenone (UV-0) (DWPU). It was found that
under the same test conditions, the yellowing degree, yellowing value and wear loss of CWPU film were
decreased by 58.2%, 62.5% and 56.4%, respectively, and the decrease rates of tensile strength and
elongation at break were reduced by 47.8% and 43.3% in comparison to those of DWPU film. Moreover,
the decomposition temperature of DWPU film at 50% mass loss was 310.62 ℃, at which the mass loss rate
of CWPU film was only 12.35%. The temperature corresponding to the maximum thermal decomposition
rate of CWPU film was about 80 ℃ higher than that of DWPU film.
Key words: nano ceria; colloids; polyvinyl alcohol; dispersion; UV-shielding

氧化铈（CeO 2 ）是一种典型的稀土氧化物，具 等领域有着广泛的应用 [2-4] 。紫外线具有较高的频率
[1]
有面心立方萤石结构 。由于其独特的电子和晶体 和能量，可以破坏有机聚合物的化学键，使其老化、
结构，在电致发光材料、紫外屏蔽剂、气体传感器、 褪色、降解。根据紫外屏蔽机理，屏蔽剂可分为两
工业催化剂、高分子聚合物改性添加剂、燃料电池 类：一类为化学吸收剂；另一类为物理屏蔽剂。常

收稿日期：2022-02-21; 定用日期：2022-06-01; DOI: 10.13550/j.jxhg.20220144
作者简介：姬定西（1991—），男，硕士，工程师，E-mail：934190701@qq.com。