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第 6 期                   杨旭锋,等:  单核细胞趋化蛋白-1 抑制剂宾达利的合成及表征                                 ·1227·


            钠用量,收率不再继续提高,说明此时碱的用量已                             目标产物宾达利,并提出了可能的反应机理。
            能使反应完全。因此,1-苄基吲唑-3-甲醇和氢氧化                              该路线中宾达利最后一步的最佳合成条件为:
            钠的最佳物质的量比为 1∶10。                                   n(Ⅲ)∶n(NaOH)∶n(CHCl 3 )=1∶10∶4,反应温度为
            2.2.4.4   氯仿用量的选择                                  55  ℃,反应时间 3 h。
                 氯仿用量对产物收率的影响见表 5。                                 该方法所用原料廉价易得,酯基还原采用对水
                                                               气和氧较稳定的硼氢化钠来完成,反应温度较低(≤
                      表 5   氯仿用量对产物收率的影响                       65  ℃),且中间体和 BIN 均无需柱层析分离,易于
                   Table 5    Effect of CHCl 3  on product yield
                                                               实现工业化生产。
              n(Ⅲ)∶n(CHCl 3)  1∶2    1∶3     1∶4     1∶5
                 收率/%         42.7    53.1   65.0    64.8      参考文献:
                 注:n(Ⅲ)∶n(NaOH) = 1∶10,反应温度 55  ℃,反应时间         [1]   JIA T, SERBINA N V, BRANDL K, et al. Additive roles for MCP-1
            3 h。                                                   and MCP-3 in CCR2-mediated recruitment of inflammatory monocytes
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                 由表 5 可知,增加氯仿用量,宾达利的收率随                            2008, 180: 6846-6853.
                                                               [2]   WOLF S, JOHNSON S, PERWITASARI O,  et al. Targeting  the
            之增加。当 n(1-苄基吲唑-3-甲醇)∶n(CHCl 3)=1∶4 时,                  pro-inflammatory factor CCL2 (MCP-1) with bindarit for influenza a
            宾达利收率达到 65.0%。继续增加氯仿用量,收率                              (H7N9) treatment[J]. Clinical & Translational Immunology, 2017,
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            没有继续提高,说明反应已达最大限度。因此,1-
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            苄基吲唑-3-甲醇与氯仿的最佳物质的量比为 1∶4。                             chemoattractant protein and eotaxin  subfamily of chemokines in
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                 结合以上反应事实,本文提出了可能的反应机                          [4]   ODDI S, SCIPIONI L, TOTARO  A,  et al. The anti-inflammatory
            理(图 6):首先,氯仿在氢氧化钠的作用下拔掉一                               agent bindarit acts as a modulator of fatty acid-binding protein 4 in
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            个氢形成三氯甲烷碳负离子 a,该碳负离子再进攻
                                                               [5]   PACCOSI S, MUSILLI C, MANGANO G,  et al. The monocyte
            丙酮的羰基,产生氧负离子 b 并取代邻位的一个氯                               chemotactic protein synthesis inhibitor bindarit  prevents  mesangial
            离子,形成一个三元环氧环 c。                                        cell proliferation and extracellular matrix remodeling[J]. Pharmacological
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                 同样Ⅲ在氢氧化钠的作用下形成氧负离子 d,d                        [6]   GE S J, SHRESTHA B, PAUL D, et al. The CCL2 synthesis inhibitor
            进一步进攻上述 c 使得三元环氧环顺利打开,在原                               bindarit targets cells of the neurovascular unit, and suppresses
            氯仿碳上产生一个氧负离子 e,随后电子转移形成                                experimental  autoimmune  encephalomyelitis[J].  Journal  of
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            羰基,同时氯离子离去变为酰氯结构 f,最后水解得                           [7]   RAGHU H,  LEPUS C M, WANG Q, et al. CCL2/CCR2, but  not
            到目标产物 BIN。                                             CCL5/CCR5, mediates monocyte  recruitment, inflammation and
                                                                   cartilage destruction in osteoarthritis[J]. Annals of the  Rheumatic
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                        图 6   合成宾达利反应机理                            Synthetic Chemistry (合成化学), 2013, 21(2): 129-132.
                  Fig. 6    Reaction mechanism of synthetise BIN     [13]  JIAO X D,  KHUMTAVEEPORN K. Processes of making
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                 以吲唑-3-羧酸为原料,依次通过酯化反应、苄                            219-226.
            基化反应、酯基还原反应和缩合水解反应制备得到                                                           (下转第 1276 页)
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