Page 46 - 《精细化工》2022年第8期

第 39 卷第 8 期 精 细 化 工 Vol.39, No.8
2022 年 8 月 FINE CHEMICALS Aug. 2022

综论
微生物燃料电池纳米纤维基阳极

材料的研究进展

张 敏 1,2 ，刘远峰 1,2 ，李从举 1,2*

（1. 北京科技大学 能源与环境工程学院，北京 100083；2. 北京科技大学 北京市工业典型污染物资源
化处理重点实验室，北京 100083；3. 北京市高校节能与环保工程研究中心，北京 100083）

摘要：微生物燃料电池（MFC）是一种非常有前途的环境友好型电化学装置，可以利用电活性微生物从废水中
提取能源，并降解废水中的有机物，是目前解决环境与能源危机的重要技术。然而，相对较低的产电效率限制
了其大规模应用，主要体现在阳极缓慢的胞外电子传递速率和较少的产电微生物附着量。纳米纤维具有高的比
表面积、良好的电化学性能和电导率，是改善阳极的重要材料。该文介绍了影响阳极材料性能的因素，系统总
结了近年来国内外纳米纤维基阳极材料的种类与制备方法，针对纳米纤维基阳极材料在 MFC 领域的研究现状，
重点阐述了各种纳米纤维材料的优缺点。最后，对纳米纤维基电极材料以及 MFC 技术的发展方向进行了展望。
关键词：燃料电池；纳米材料；电化学；阳极；产电菌
中图分类号：TQ630；TM911.45 文献标识码：A
文章编号：1003-5214 (2022) 08-1546-12 开放科学 (资源服务) 标识码 (OSID)：

Research progress of nanofiber as anode materials
for microbial fuel cells

1,2
1,2
ZHANG Min , LIU Yuanfeng , LI Congju 1,2*
（1. School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China;
2. Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, University of Science and Technology
Beijing, Beijing 100083, China; 3. Beijing Higher Institution Engineering Research Center of Energy Conservation and
Environmental Protection, Beijing 100083, China）

Abstract: Microbial fuel cell (MFC), a promising environment-friendly electrochemical device extracting
energy as well degrading organic from wastewater by using electricigens, is an important technology for
solving the current environmental and energy crisis. However, its large-scale application was limited due to
the relatively low efficiency in electricity generation, mainly reflected in slow microbial extracellular
electron transfer and low electricigen attachment to anode. With high specific surface area, good
electrochemical property and electrical conductivity, nanofibers are important materials for improving the
anode performance. Herein, The influencing factors for the performance of anode materials were firstly
introduced followed by a systematic summarization of types and preparation methods of nanofiber as anode
materials developed at home and abroad in recent years, specially their advantages and disadvantages in
view of the research status quo of nanofiber anode materials in the field of MFC. In the end, the
development direction of nanofibers and MFC technology was prospected.
Key words: fuel cells; nanomaterials; electrochemistry; anodes; electricigens

收稿日期：2022-02-10; 定用日期：2022-04-11; DOI: 10.13550/j.jxhg.20220121
基金项目：国家自然科学基金（52170019，51973015）；中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金（FRF-TP-19-046AIZ，06500100）
作者简介：张 敏（1997—），女，硕士生，E-mail：1539179392@qq.com。联系人：李从举（1972—），男，博士，教授，E-mail：
congjuli@126.com。