Page 33 - 《精细化工》2023年第5期

第 40 卷第 5 期 精 细 化 工 Vol.40, No.5
20 23 年 5 月 FINE CHEMICALS May 2023

综论
疏水深共熔溶剂在绿色化学工艺中的应用

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姚贤锐，黄 睿 ，虞育杰，唐瑜慕，何 禹，李剑烽
（贵州大学 电气工程学院，贵州 贵阳 550025）

摘要：疏水深共熔溶剂因制备简单、毒性低、热稳定性及生物降解性高，被认为是传统有毒有害有机溶剂和离
子液体的潜在替代品。其良好的疏水性、高度可调的物理化学特性及其对有机和无机化合物的优异溶解能力可
满足许多工业应用需求。疏水深共熔溶剂通过静电作用、离子交换和氢键的协同作用实现了对目标物的高效分
离、定向催化和改性。该文总结了疏水深共熔溶剂的结构组成及其性能影响因素，综述了疏水深共熔溶剂在分
离提取、气体污染物捕获、生物催化、材料改性及食品安全检测中的研究进展。疏水深共熔溶剂能够通过结构
组成变化实现溶剂特性的定向调控，在宽 pH 范围内高选择性地提取了各种目标成分，简化了催化和改性的工
艺过程，其高度的循环稳定性极大地减少了溶剂消耗量，在绿色化学工艺中展现出可替代传统溶剂的巨大潜力。
但疏水深共熔溶剂各组分间的协同机制尚不明晰，仍需在后续研究中进一步阐明其作用机理，以期实现疏水深
共熔溶剂的精准定制及高效应用。
关键词：疏水深共熔溶剂；绿色化学；结构组成；分离；提取
中图分类号：TQ413 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1003-5214 (2023) 05-0953-15

Application of hydrophobic deep eutectic solvents

in green chemical technology

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YAO Xianrui, HUANG Rui , YU Yujie, TANG Yumu, HE Yu, LI Jianfeng
（The Electrical Engineering College, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, China）

Abstract: Hydrophobic deep eutectic solvents are recognized as potential substitute for traditional toxic and
harmful organic solvents and ionic liquids due to their simplicity in preparation, low toxicity, high thermal
stability and high biodegradability. Their hydrophobicity, highly adjustable physical and chemical properties
and excellent solubility of organic and inorganic compounds can meet the needs of many industrial
applications. The hydrophobic deep eutectic solvents achieve efficient separation, directional catalysis and
modification of the target through the synergistic effect of electrostatic interaction, ion exchange and
hydrogen bonding. In this review, the structure composition and performance influencing factors of
hydrophobic deep eutectic solvents were summarized, followed by discussions on the application progress
of hydrophobic deep eutectic solvents in separation and extraction, gas pollutant removal, biocatalysis,
material modification and food safety detection. Hydrophobic deep eutectic solvents could achieve targeted
regulation of the solvent properties by changing their structure composition, selectively extract various
target components in a wide pH range, and simplify the process of catalysis and modification. Meanwhile,
their excellent recycling stability greatly reduced the amount of solvent consumed, and showed great
potential to replace traditional solvents in green chemical technology. However, the synergistic mechanism
between the compositions of the hydrophobic deep eutectic solvents was not clear, it was necessary to

收稿日期：2022-07-29; 定用日期：2022-10-18; DOI: 10.13550/j.jxhg.20220710
基金项目：国家自然科学基金（52266006）；贵州省省级科技计划项目（ZK[2022]一般 061、ZK[2022]一般 139）；贵州省教育厅自然
科学研究项目（黔教技[2022]043 号）；贵州大学自然科学专项（特岗）科研基金项目（贵大特岗合字[2021] 10 号）；贵州大学培育项
目（贵大培育[2020] 20 号）
作者简介：姚贤锐（1998—），男，硕士生，E-mail：xryao0711@163.com。联系人：黄 睿（1990—），男，副教授，E-mail：
rhuang3@gzu.edu.cn。