Page 182 - 201811

第 35 卷第 11 期 精 细 化 工 Vol.35, No.11
2018 年 11 月 FINE CHEMICALS Nov. 2018

建筑用化学品
壳聚糖基阻燃剂制备及其在防火涂层中应用

王 娜，王树伟，滕海伟，王 升，方庆红

（沈阳化工大学 材料科学与工程学院，辽宁 沈阳 110142）

摘要：以生物材料壳聚糖（CTS）、季戊四醇磷酸酯（PEPA）、二苯甲烷二异氰酸酯（MDI）为原料，制备壳聚
糖基膨胀型阻燃剂（PMC）。并通过 FTIR、XRD、TG 对阻燃剂的结构及热性能进行了表征；以不同阻燃剂对
水性环氧树脂涂层进行阻燃化改性，制备了 3 种阻燃涂层 EP1、EP2 和 EP3，并将阻燃涂层用做钢结构的防护
涂层。用 TG、极限氧指数（LOI）、UL-94、SEM 对样品的热性能及阻燃性能进行了表征，用附着力实验仪测
试了涂层的附着力。结果表明：当 PMC 质量分数为 10%时，EP3 可通过 UL-94 V-0 测试；相比纯 EP 涂层，500 ℃
时，EP3 残炭量提高 47%，LOI 可达 25.5%。附着力测试结果表明，PMC 的添加不会降低涂层的附着力。
关键词：膨胀型阻燃剂；水性环氧涂层；壳聚糖；季戊四醇磷酸酯；生物基；建筑用化学品
中图分类号：TQ314 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1003-5214 (2018) 11-1968-06

Preparation of a Chitosan-based Flame Retardant and

Its Application in Fireproofing Coating

WANG Na, WANG Shu-wei, TENG Hai-wei, WANG Sheng, FANG Qing-hong
（School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang 110142, Liaoning, China）

Abstract: A chitosan-based intumescent flame retardant (PMC) was synthesized by using chitosan (CTS),
pentaerythritol phosphate (PEPA) and diphenyl-methane-diisocyanate (MDI) as raw materials. FTIR, XRD
and TG were used to characterize the structure and thermal stability of PMC. Subsequently, different flame-
retardants were used in preparing fire-retardant epoxy resin (EP) coatings to improve their flame-retardant
properties. Three obtained flame retardant coatings, named EP1, EP2 and EP3, were used as protective
coatings for steel structure. The thermal properties and flame retardancy of the samples were characterized
by TG, limiting oxygen index (LOI), UL-94 and SEM, and the adhesions of the coatings were measured
using adhesion tester. The results showed that the mass fraction of PMC in EP was 10%, the obtained EP3
could meet the standard of UL-94 V-0 rating with a LOI value of 25.5%. The amount of residual carbon of
EP3 increased by 47% compared with that of pure EP coating at 500 ℃. The adhesion experiment results
showed that the addition of PMC could not affect the bonding strength between the coating and the substrate.
Key words: intumescent flame retardant; waterborne epoxy coating; chitosan; PEPA; bio-based;building
chemicals
Foundation items: BaiQianWan Talents Program of Liaoning Province ([2017]62); Finance Refers to Top
Talents of Liaoning Province ([2016]864); Shenyang Municipal Science and Technology Program
(17-51-6-00); Innovative Talents Program of Universities in Liaoning Province ([2017]053); Technological
Innovation Talents Program for Youngs and Middles of Shenyang (RC170118)

高分子材料与人们的生产生活有着紧密联系， 的特性严重威胁了人们的生命财产安全。阻燃剂是
带来方便的同时也带来危险。其易燃、易引发火灾 一类能够阻止高分子材料被引燃或抑制火焰传播的

收稿日期：2017-12-04; 定用日期：2018-03-22; DOI: 10.13550/j.jxhg.20170982
基金项目：辽宁省百千万人才工程（[2017]62）；辽财指高端人才（[2016]864）；沈阳市科技计划项目（17-51-6-00）；辽宁省高校创新
人才计划（[2017]053）；沈阳市中青年科技创新人才计划（RC170118）
作者简介：王 娜（1977—），女，教授，博士，电话：024-8938469，E-mail：iamwangna@sina.com。