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第 35 卷第 7 期 精 细 化 工 Vol.35, No.7
201 8 年 7 月 FINE CHEMICALS July 2018

功能材料
酚醛树脂热解炭的电磁屏蔽性能

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肖国庆 ，杨少雨 ，丁冬海 1,2,3*
（1. 西安建筑科技大学 材料与矿资学院，陕西 西安 710055；2. 西安建筑科技大学 材料科学与工程博
士后流动站，陕西 西安 710055；3. 中钢集团洛阳耐火材料研究院有限公司 先进耐火材料国家重点实验
室，河南 洛阳 471039）

摘要：以热固性酚醛树脂（PF2123）为原料，经固化、成型和热解制备了块体碳材料，通过 XRD、TG-DSC、
激光拉曼光谱、SEM 等对热解产物进行了表征，考察了热解温度和 FeCl 3 催化剂对热解产物的微观形貌、有序
化程度和 X 波段电磁屏蔽性能的影响。结果表明：热解的最终产物为无定形碳，1000 ℃热解时的残炭率为 55%；
随着热解温度的升高，热解炭的有序化程度提高，电导率增大，电磁屏蔽效能（EMI SE）先增大后减小，900 ℃
热解时的电磁屏蔽效能最高达 28.2 dB；添加占酚醛树脂质量 0.5%的 FeCl 3 催化剂在 1000 ℃进行催化热解时，
酚醛树脂热解炭内原位生成了大量多壁碳纳米管，形成了导电网络，提高了其电磁屏蔽性能；加入质量分数
0.5%FeCl 3 催化剂对于 1500 ℃热解试样的电磁屏蔽性能改善作用更为明显，特别是在低频段。
关键词：热解炭；有序化程度；多壁碳纳米管；电磁屏蔽性能；功能材料
中图分类号：TB34 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1003-5214 (2018) 07-1103-07

Electromagnetic Interference Shielding Effectiveness of
Phenolic Resin Pyrolytic Carbon

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XIAO Guo-qing , YANG Shao-yu , DING Dong-hai 1,2,3*
（1. College of Materials and Mineral Resources, Xian University of Architecture and Technology, Xi’an 710055,
Shaanxi, China; 2. Postdoctoral Mobile Research Station of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi’an University of
Architecture and Technology, Xi’an 710055, Shaanxi, China; 3. State Key Laboratory of Advanced Refractories,
Sinosteel Luoyang Institute of Refractories Research Co., Ltd., Luoyang 471039, Henan, China）

Abstract: Bulk carbon materials were prepared via solidification, molding and pyrolysis of thermosetting
phenolic resin (PF2123). XRD, TG-DSC, laser Raman spectroscopy, SEM and so on techniques were used
to characterize the pyrolytic products. The effects of pyrolytic temperature and FeCl 3 catalyst on the micro
morphology, ordering degree and electromagnetic interference shielding effectiveness (EMI SE) in X-band
of phenolic resin pyrolytic products were investigated. The results showed that the finally pyrolytic
products were amorphous carbon. The residual amount of carbon after pyrolysis of phenolic resin at
1000 ℃ was 55%. With the increase of pyrolytic temperature, the ordering degree and conductivity of
pyrolytic products increased, while the electromagnetic interference shielding effectiveness (EMI SE) first
increased and then decreased. The sample obtained by pyrolysis of PF2123 at 900 ℃ exhibited the largest
electromagnetic interference shielding effectiveness of 28.2 dB. When PF2123 was pyrolyzed at 1000 ℃ in
the presence of a catalytic amount of 0.5% FeCl 3 (based on the mass of phenolic resin), there were large
amounts of in-situ multi-walled carbon nanotubes formation in the pyrolytic carbon, which formed
conductive networks. This led to an improvement of electromagnetic interference shielding effectiveness of
sample. Moreover, the addition of 0.5% FeCl 3 could significantly improve the electromagnetic interference
shielding effectiveness of pyrolytic product at 1500 ℃, wherein that in low frequency was more obvious.
Key words: pyrolytic carbon; ordering degree; multi-walled carbon nanotubes; EMI SE; functional

收稿日期：2017-08-25; 定用日期：2018-02-11; DOI: 10.13550/j.jxhg.20170696
基金项目：国家自然科学基金（51502236）；中国博士后科学基金（2016M602940XB）；先进耐火材料国家重点实验室开放课题
作者简介：肖国庆（1967—），男，教授。联系人：丁冬海（1983—），男，副教授，E-mail：dingdongxauat@163.com。