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第 35 卷第 8 期 精 细 化 工 Vol.35, No.8
201 8 年 8 月 FINE CHEMICALS Aug. 2018

建筑用化学品

纤维素基减水剂的合成与应用

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付静静 1,2 ，刘月娥 1,2* ，丁成立 1,2* ，郑 真 1,2 ，郝红霞
（1. 新疆大学 化学化工学院，新疆维吾尔自治区 乌鲁木齐 830046；2. 自治区煤炭清洁转化与化工过
程重点实验室，新疆维吾尔自治区 乌鲁木齐 830046）

摘要：以新疆棉短绒为原料，氨基磺酸、丁二酸酐为酯化剂，采用一锅法合成了磺酸基/羧基纤维素酯（CLCSC）。
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通过 FTIR、 CNMR 表征了产品结构，GPC 测量了产品的分子量。考察了 pH 对 CLCSC 溶液黏度的影响，并
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对其用作减水剂的性能和机理进行了初步测试。结果表明：CLCSC 重均分子量（M w ）在 2.29×10 ~1.94×10 内；
取代度最高达到 0.92；pH=2~12 内变化对不同取代度和不同质量分数的 CLCSC 溶液黏度影响较小，并且黏度
维持在较低状态；当 CLCSC 掺量（占水泥的质量分数，下同）为 1%时，混凝土减水率为 28.5%，泌水率为 80%，
混凝土抗压实验结果表明：CLCSC 能在保持相同工作性的条件下起到减水增强作用。
关键词：磺酸基/羧基纤维素酯；减水剂；减水性能
中图分类号：TQ314.1; O623.84 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1003-5214 (2018) 08-1421-06

Synthesis and Application of Cellulose-based Concrete Water-reducing Agent

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FU Jing-jing , LIU Yue-e 1,2* , DING Cheng-li 1,2* , ZHENG Zhen , HAO Hong-xia
（ 1. School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, Xinjiang Uygur
Autonomous Region, China; 2. Key Laboratory of Coal Clean Conversion & Chemical Engineering Process of Xinjiang
Uyghur Autonomous Region, Urumqi 830046, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous region, China）
Abstract: Cotton linters cellulose sulfonate and carboxylate (CLCSC) was synthesized by one-pot method
with cotton linters as raw materials, sulfamic acid and succinic anhydride as esterifying agent. The product
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was characterized by IR and C NMR and its molecular weight was measured by GPC. Subsequently, the
effect of pH on the viscosity of CLCSC solution was studied. Finally, the performance and mechanism of
CLCSC as water reducing agent were investigated. The experimental results indicated that CLCSC had a
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weight-average molecular weight (M w ) ranging from 2.29×10 to 1.94×10 and with a maximum degree of
substitution (DS) of 0.92. The variation of pH value had less influence on the viscosity of solution of
CLCSC with different DS and different mass fractions, and the prepared CLCSC solution exhibited a low
viscosity in the pH range 2 to 12. When the additive content of CLCSC (based on the mass of cement, the
same below) was 1%, the water reducing ratio and bleeding rate of concrete could reach 28.5% and 80%,
respectively. In addition, the concrete compression test showed that CLCSC could effectively reduce water
and improve concrete strength under the same working condition.
Key words: sulfonate and carboxylate cellulose ester; water-reducing agent; water-reducing performance
Foundation items: National Natural Science Foundation of China (21666035); Scientific Research Fund for
the High-level Talent of Xinjiang (20161019)

目前，中国减水剂工业的发展面临着提高性能、 环境友好的新型减水剂势在必行。改性木质素磺酸
降低成本以及环境友好等诸多方面的问题 [1-2] ，因 盐减水剂在混凝土工程中的应用广泛 [3-4] ，数十年来
此，研究开发性能优良、符合中国经济发展水平且 为国家节约了大量的资源，但普遍存在着减水率低、

收稿日期：2017-07-28; 定用日期：2017-12-04; DOI: 10.13550/j.jxhg.20170612
基金项目：国家自然科学基金（21666035）；新疆高层人才研究基金（20161019）
作者简介：付静静（1991—），女，硕士生。联系人：刘月娥（1963—），女，副教授，E-mail：liuyuee@xju.edu.cn；丁成立（1969—），男，
副教授，E-mail：dingchengli@xju.edu.cn。