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第 36 卷第 1 期 精 细 化 工 Vol.36, No.1
201 9 年 1 月 FINE CHEMICALS Jan. 2019
表面活性剂
双酰胺基 Gemini 阳离子表面活性剂的
合成及应用性能
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王亚魁,姜亚洁 ,耿 涛,鞠洪斌
(中国日用化学研究院有限公司,山西 太原 030001)
摘要:以月桂酸、N, N-二甲基-1, 3-丙二胺和 1, 3-二氯-2-丙醇为原料,在碳酸钠催化下合成了双酰胺基 Gemini
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阳离子表面活性剂(ADQ-12)。通过 FTIR 和 HNMR 对其结构进行了表征,并对其表/界面活性、抗静电性、
抗盐性、抑菌性以及生物降解性能进行了测定。结果表明,25 ℃下,ADQ-12 具有比传统单链阳离子表面活性
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剂低 1~2 个数量级的临界胶束浓度(CMC 为 1.41×10 mol/L),表面张力(γ CMC )为 32.26 mN/m;在 ADQ-12 质
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量浓度为 0.05 g/L 时,煤油/水界面张力(IFT)可降低至超低界面水平(4.1×10 mN/m),远低于十六烷基三甲
基溴化铵(CTAB)的 2.0 mN/m;在质量浓度为 1.0 g/L 时,ADQ-12 对二价钙、镁离子具有优良的耐盐性能
(>60 g/L);ADQ-12 即使在低质量浓度下(10 mg/L)对金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌的抑菌率仍达到 100%,相
比双癸基二甲基氯化铵(DDAC), ADQ-12 的抑菌能力更强;ADQ-12 的 7 d 生物降解度能达到 99%,表现出优
异的生物降解性能。
关键词:双酰胺基团;Gemini 阳离子表面活性剂;油/水界面张力;应用性能
中图分类号:TQ423 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1003-5214 (2019) 01-0044-07
Title Synthesis and Application Properties of a Gemini
Cationic Surfactant with Diamide Groups
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WANG Ya-kui, JIANG Ya-jie , GENG Tao, JU Hong-bin
(China Research Institute of Daily Chemical Co., Ltd., Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China)
Abstract: A Gemini cationic surfactant with diamide groups (ADQ-12) was synthesized using lauric acid,
N, N-dimethyl-1, 3-propanediamine and 1, 3-dichloro-2-propanol as raw materials in the presence of a
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catalytic amount of sodium carbonate. The structure was characterized by FTIR and HNMR. The surface/
interfacial activity, antistatic property, salt resistance, antibacterial activity and biodegradation were measured.
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The results showed that ADQ-12 has a critical micelle concentration (CMC) value of 1.41×10 mol/L,
which is 1~2 orders of magnitude lower than conventional single cationic surfactants with a surface tension
γ CMC of 32.26 mN/m. When the mass concentration of ADQ-12 is 0.05 g/L, the interfacial tension of
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kerosene/water (IFT) could be reduced to ultra-low level (4.1×10 mN/m), far lower than that of hexadecyl
trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) (2.0 mN/m). At a mass concentration of 1.0 g/L, ADQ-12 exhibits
strong resistance to calcium and magnesium ions (>60 g/L). The inhibition rates of ADQ-12 against S. aureus
and E. coli are still 100% even at a low mass concentration (10 mg/L), and the antibacterial activity of
ADQ-12 is higher than that of didecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride (DDAC). In addition, ADQ-12
demonstrates excellent biodegradability, its biodegradation after 7 days is 99%.
Key words: diamide groups; gemini cationic surfactant; oil-water interface tension; application performance
Foundation items: National Key R & D Program of China (2017YFB0308900); Natural Science
Foundation of Shanxi Province (201601D102023)
收稿日期:2018-03-28; 定用日期:2018-08-28; DOI: 10.13550/j.jxhg.20180219
基金项目:国家重点研发计划资助项目(2017YFB0308900);山西省自然科学基金资助项目(201601D102023)
作者简介:王亚魁(1989—),男,硕士生,助理工程师。联系人:姜亚洁(1982—),女,博士,高级工程师, E-mail:jiangyajie2004@163.com。