Page 58 - 201901
P. 58

第 36 卷第 1 期                             精   细   化   工                                  Vol.36, No.1
             201 9 年 1 月                             FINE CHEMICALS                                 Jan.  2019


              表面活性剂
                           双酰胺基 Gemini 阳离子表面活性剂的


                                              合成及应用性能



                                                           *
                                       王亚魁,姜亚洁 ,耿   涛,鞠洪斌
                                      (中国日用化学研究院有限公司,山西  太原  030001)

                 摘要:以月桂酸、N, N-二甲基-1, 3-丙二胺和 1, 3-二氯-2-丙醇为原料,在碳酸钠催化下合成了双酰胺基 Gemini
                                                      1
                 阳离子表面活性剂(ADQ-12)。通过 FTIR 和 HNMR 对其结构进行了表征,并对其表/界面活性、抗静电性、
                 抗盐性、抑菌性以及生物降解性能进行了测定。结果表明,25 ℃下,ADQ-12 具有比传统单链阳离子表面活性
                                                           4
                 剂低 1~2 个数量级的临界胶束浓度(CMC 为 1.41×10  mol/L),表面张力(γ CMC )为 32.26 mN/m;在 ADQ-12 质
                                                                               3
                 量浓度为 0.05 g/L 时,煤油/水界面张力(IFT)可降低至超低界面水平(4.1×10  mN/m),远低于十六烷基三甲
                 基溴化铵(CTAB)的 2.0 mN/m;在质量浓度为 1.0 g/L 时,ADQ-12 对二价钙、镁离子具有优良的耐盐性能
                 (>60 g/L);ADQ-12 即使在低质量浓度下(10 mg/L)对金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌的抑菌率仍达到 100%,相
                 比双癸基二甲基氯化铵(DDAC), ADQ-12 的抑菌能力更强;ADQ-12 的 7 d 生物降解度能达到 99%,表现出优
                 异的生物降解性能。
                 关键词:双酰胺基团;Gemini 阳离子表面活性剂;油/水界面张力;应用性能
                 中图分类号:TQ423      文献标识码:A      文章编号:1003-5214 (2019) 01-0044-07


                            Title Synthesis and Application Properties of a Gemini

                                    Cationic Surfactant with Diamide Groups

                                                             *
                                   WANG Ya-kui, JIANG Ya-jie , GENG Tao, JU Hong-bin
                             (China Research Institute of Daily Chemical Co., Ltd., Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China)

                 Abstract: A Gemini cationic surfactant with diamide groups (ADQ-12) was synthesized using lauric acid,
                 N, N-dimethyl-1, 3-propanediamine and  1, 3-dichloro-2-propanol as raw materials in the presence  of a
                                                                                      1
                 catalytic amount of sodium carbonate. The structure was characterized by FTIR and  HNMR. The surface/
                 interfacial activity, antistatic property, salt resistance, antibacterial activity and biodegradation were measured.
                                                                                                 4
                 The results showed that ADQ-12  has a critical  micelle concentration (CMC) value  of 1.41×10  mol/L,
                 which is 1~2 orders of magnitude lower than conventional single cationic surfactants with a surface tension
                 γ CMC of 32.26  mN/m. When the mass concentration of ADQ-12 is 0.05  g/L, the interfacial tension of
                                                                      3
                 kerosene/water (IFT) could be reduced to ultra-low level (4.1×10 mN/m), far lower than that of hexadecyl
                 trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) (2.0 mN/m). At a mass concentration of 1.0 g/L, ADQ-12 exhibits
                 strong resistance to calcium and magnesium ions (>60 g/L). The inhibition rates of ADQ-12 against S. aureus
                 and E. coli are still 100% even at a low mass concentration (10 mg/L), and the antibacterial activity of
                 ADQ-12 is  higher than that of  didecyl  dimethyl ammonium chloride (DDAC).  In  addition, ADQ-12
                 demonstrates excellent biodegradability, its biodegradation after 7 days is 99%.
                 Key words: diamide groups; gemini cationic surfactant; oil-water interface tension; application performance
                 Foundation items:  National Key R &  D  Program of China (2017YFB0308900); Natural Science
                 Foundation of Shanxi Province (201601D102023)



                 收稿日期:2018-03-28;  定用日期:2018-08-28; DOI: 10.13550/j.jxhg.20180219
                 基金项目:国家重点研发计划资助项目(2017YFB0308900);山西省自然科学基金资助项目(201601D102023)
                 作者简介:王亚魁(1989—),男,硕士生,助理工程师。联系人:姜亚洁(1982—),女,博士,高级工程师, E-mail:jiangyajie2004@163.com。
   53   54   55   56   57   58   59   60   61   62   63