Page 37 - 《精细化工》2019年第11期

第 36 卷第 11 期 精 细 化 工 Vol.36, No.11
2019 年 11 月 FINE CHEMICALS Nov. 2019

功能材料
PVA/P(AA-AM)/Urea 半互穿高吸水

树脂的合成及性能

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徐桂明 ，朱丽 珺 1* ，张金池 ，姜 姜 ，武志鹏
（1. 南京林业大学 理学院，江苏 南京 210037；2. 南京林业大学 林学院，江苏 南京 210037）
摘要：以聚乙烯醇（PVA）、丙烯酸（AA）、丙烯酰胺（AM）、尿素（Urea）为原料，过硫酸钾（KPS）为
引发剂，N,N'-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺（MBA）为交联剂，采用水溶液聚合法合成了具有尿素缓释功能的
PVA/P(AA-AM)/Urea 复合高吸水树脂。通过 FTIR、TG、DSC、SEM 对树脂的结构进行了表征，并从吸水
倍率、吸水速率、尿素释放率等方面对树脂进行了性能测定。通过单因素实验探讨了 PVA 用量、AM 用量、
KPS 用量、MBA 用量、尿素用量、AA 中和度对树脂吸水倍率的影响。结果表明：在最佳工艺条件（AA 10.0 g，
以 AA 质量为基准加入 10%AM、15%PVA、0.4%KPS、0.05% MBA，尿素 10.0 g，AA 中和度为 70%）下，
合成的吸水树脂吸水倍率可达到 505 g/g，吸盐水倍率可达到 88 g/g；此条件下合成的高吸水树脂初始吸水
速率可达 86.58 g·min/g；将树脂在湿度 10%、温度 25 和 40 ℃的烘箱中静置 4 h，释水率分别为 40.9%和
68.0%；树脂中的尿素在蒸馏水中可持续缓释 13 d 左右，弱酸性和中性环境有利于尿素持续释放。
关键词：聚乙烯醇；半互穿；高吸水树脂；尿素；缓释；功能材料
中图分类号：TQ325.7 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1003-5214 (2019) 11-2185-09

Synthesis and Properties of PVA/P(AA-AM)/Urea

Semi-interpenetrating Superabsorbent Resin

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XU Gui-ming , ZHU Li-jun , ZHANG Jin-chi , JIANG Jiang , WU Zhi-peng
（1. College of Science, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, Jiangsu, China; 2. College of Forestry, Nanjing
Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, Jiangsu, China）
Abstract: A PVA/P(AA-AM)/Urea composite superabsorbent resin with urea sustained-release function
was synthesized by aqueous solution polymerization using polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), acrylic acid (AA),
acrylamide (AA) and urea as raw materials, potassium persulfate (KPS) as initiator, and N, N'-methylene
diacrylamide (MBA) as crosslinking agent. The resultant resin was characterized by FTIR, TG, DSC and
SEM. Its properties such as water absorbency, water absorption rate and urea release were measured. The
effects of PVA dosage, AM dosage, urea dosage, KPS dosage, MBA dosage and AA neutralization degree
on the water absorption of the resin were studied through single-factor experimental design. The results
showed that the optimum condition was obtained as follows: AA dosage was 10.0 g, AM, PVA, KPS and
MBA dosages were 10%, 15%, 0.4% and 0.05% of AA mass, urea mass was 10.0 g, and neutralization
degree of AA was 70%. The maximum water absorbency was 505 g/g in distilled water and 88 g/g in salt
aqueous solution. The initial water absorption rate of the synthetic superabsorbent resin was 86.58 g·min/g.
After the resin was placed under the condition of humidity of 10% and temperature of 25 ℃ and 40 ℃ for 4 h,
its corresponding water release ratio was 40.9% and 68.0%, respectively. Urea in the resin could be
sustainably released for 13 d in distilled water, and the weak acidity and neutral environment were
conducive to the sustained release of urea.
Key words: polyvinyl alcohol; semi-interpenetration; superabsorbent resin; urea; sustained release;
functional materials

收稿日期：2019-03-09; 定用日期：2019-05-27; DOI: 10.13550/j.jxhg.20190182
基金项目：国家重点研发计划（2017YFC0505502）；国家林业公益性行业科研专项（201104055）；江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项
目（PAPD）
作者简介：徐桂明（1995—），男，硕士生，E-mail：1416693485@qq.com。联系人：朱丽珺（1960—），女，教授，E-mail：lxyzlj@njfu.edu.cn。