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第 36 卷第 3 期 精 细 化 工 Vol.36, No.3
201 9 年 3 月 FINE CHEMICALS Mar. 2019

油田化学品与油品添加剂
油基钻井液用聚合物降滤失剂合成与性能评价

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周 研 ，蒲晓林 ，刘 鹭 ，王 磊
（1. 西南石油大学 石油与天然气工程学院，四川 成都 610500；2. 西南石油大学 油气藏地质及开发工
程国家重点实验室，四川 成都 610500）
摘要：以丙烯酰胺（AM）、甲基丙烯酸十八酯（SMA）为反应单体，偶氮二异丁腈（AIBN）为引发剂，二乙
烯基苯（DVB）为交联剂，聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮（PVP）为分散剂，采用分散聚合法合成油基钻井液用降滤失剂
（FLA）。采用单因素实验法对反应条件进行了优化，通过对钻井液体系常温中压（API）滤失量的测定，确定
最佳合成条件为：在 55.3 g 甲醇和 30 g 纯净水组成的混合液中，单体总质量为 20 g，m(AM):m(SMA) =1:3,AIBN
0.7 g，DVB 2 g，PVP 4 g、反应温度 70 ℃、反应时间 6 h，在该条件下 FLA 加量为 3 g（钻井液体积为 100 mL，
下同）时体系 API 滤失量为 1.6 mL。利用红外光谱对合成产物结构进行了表征。热差分析结果表明，聚合物的
玻璃化转变温度为 111 ℃。通过钻井液评价实验可知，该降滤失剂加量为钻井液体系总体积的 3%时，API 滤失
量最低，为 1.6 mL，高温高压（HTHP）滤失量为 7.2 mL；高温老化实验结果表明，该降滤失剂最低可抗 160 ℃
高温，与沥青类降滤失剂相比，其对钻井液流变性影响明显降低，且相同加量下形成的泥饼质量优于沥青类。
关键词：油基钻井液；聚合物；分散聚合；单因素实验法；降滤失剂；油田化学品
中图分类号：TE254 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1003-5214 (2019) 03-0520-08

Synthesis and Performance Evaluation of Polymer Fluid Loss
Additive for Oil-based Drilling Fluid

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ZHOU Yan , PU Xiao-lin , LIU Lu , WANG Lei
（1. Petroleum Engineering School, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, Sichuan, China; 2. State Key Laboratory
of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, Sichuan, China）
Abstract: A polymer fluid loss additive (FLA) for oil-based drilling fluid was synthesized by dispersion
polymerization using acrylamide (AM), stearyl methylacrylate (SMA) as monomers, 2,2-azobis
(2-methylpropionitrile) (AIBN) as initiator, divinylbenzene (DVB) as cross-linker, and polyvinyl
pyrrolidone (PVP) as stabilizer. The single factor experiment method was used to optimize the reaction
conditions by measuring ambient temperature and medium pressure API filtration loss of the drilling fluid
system. The optimal synthesis condition was determined as follows: 55.3 g methanol,30 g purified water
mixture as solvent,20 g monomers,m(AM):m(SMA) =1:3,0.70 g AIBN,2 g DVB,4 g PVP,reaction
temperature 70 ℃ and reaction time 6 h. Under these optimum conditions, the resulting FLA exhibited
excellent filter performance. When the addition amount of FLA was 3 g (drilling fluid volume was 100 mL,
the same below), the API filtration loss of the system was 1.6 mL. The product was characterized by FTIR.
The results of thermal analysis showed that the product's glass transition temperature (T g) was 111 ℃. When
the dosage of fluid loss additive was 3% of the total volume of the drilling fluid system, the API filtration
loss was 1.6 mL, high temperature high press (HTHP) filtration loss was 7.2 mL. The high temperature
aging test results revealed that the product was stable at 160 ℃. The effect of the synthetic fluid loss
additive on the rheology of drilling fluid was reduced obviously compared with that of asphalt. Moreover,
the quality of mud cake was better than that of asphalt.

收稿日期：2018-07-24; 定用日期：2018-11-08; DOI: 10.13550/j.jxhg.20180547
基金项目：国家重大科技专项（2016ZX05020-004）
作者简介：周 研（1993—），女，硕士生。联系人：蒲晓林（1957—），男，教授，博士生导师，E-mail：puxiaolin@vip.sina.com。