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第 36 卷第 3 期 精 细 化 工 Vol.36, No.3
201 9 年 3 月 FINE CHEMICALS Mar. 2019

建筑用化学品
衣康酸酯类聚羧酸系减水剂的制备及表征

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苏 瑜，戴永强，廖 兵，麦裕良，高 敏，张 磊
（广东省石油与精细化工研究院 广东省工业表面活性剂重点实验室，广东 广州 510665）

摘要：以衣康酸聚乙二醇酯大分子单体（IAPEG）、丙烯酸（AA）、马来酸酐（MA）和甲基丙烯磺酸钠（MAS）
为原料，过硫酸铵为引发剂，经水溶液聚合制备了一种聚羧酸系减水剂（PC）。通过红外光谱对共聚物的结构
进行了表征，采用凝胶渗透色谱仪对共聚物的相对分子质量及其分布进行了测定，讨论了聚合条件对减水剂性
能的影响，得到最佳反应条件为：n（IAPEG）∶n（MA）∶n（AA）∶n（MAS）=1.5∶4.0∶6.0∶3.0，引发
剂用量为单体总质量的 10%，反应温度 80 ℃，反应时间 5 h。在该条件下合成的减水剂可以降低溶液的表面张
力，促进水泥颗粒的分散，使水泥浆体具有较好的流动度。添加减水剂混凝土的减水率为 39.2%，7 d 抗压强度
比（添加减水剂混凝土抗压强度/基准混凝土抗压强度）为 191.4%，28 d 抗压强度比为 154.7%。
关键词：减水剂；聚羧酸系；混凝土；衣康酸；建筑用化学品
中图分类号：TV528.042.2 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1003-5214 (2019) 03-0527-07

Synthesis and Characterization of a Polycarboxylate Type
Superplasticizer Containing Itaconic Ester

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SU Yu, DAI Yong-qiang, LIAO Bing, MAI Yu-liang, GAO Min, ZHANG Lei
（Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Industrial Surfactant, Guangdong Research Institute of Petrochemical and
Fine Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou 510665, Guangdong, China）

Abstract: A polycarboxylate type superplasticizer (PC) was synthesized by water solution polymerization
of itaconic acid polyethylene glycol ester (IAPEG), acrylic acid (AA), maleic anhydride (MA) and sodium
methylacryl sulfonate (MAS) using ammonium persulfate as initiator. The copolymer was characterized by
FTIR. Its molecular weight and molecular weight distribution were characterized by GPC. The influences of
reaction conditions on the properties of the polycarboxylate type superplasticizer were discussed. The
results showed that the optimal reaction conditions were as follows: n (IAPEG)∶n (MA)∶n (AA)∶n
(MAS)=1.5∶4.0∶6.0∶3.0, initiator dosage being 10% of the mass of all monomers, reaction temperature
80 ℃, reaction time 5 h. Under the optimum conditions, adding the synthesized polycarboxylate type
superplasticizer could reduce the surface tension of the solution, promote the dispersion of cement particles
and make the fluidity of cement paste better. The water reducing ratio of PC in concrete was 39.2%. The
compressive strength ratio (the compressive strength of concrete with water reducing agent/compressive
strength of reference concrete) of the concrete could reach 191.4% at 7 d and 154.7% at 28 d, respectively.
Key words: superplasticizer; polycarboxylate type; concrete; itaconic acid; building chemicals
Foundation items: GDAS' Special Project of Science and Technology Development (2017GDASCX-0705,
2017GDASCX-0850)

[1]
具有梳形结构的聚羧酸系减水剂由于具有掺量 好的一类混凝土减水剂 。
低、减水率高、坍落度保持性好、分子结构可设计 聚羧酸系减水剂的作用机理主要有以下两个方
性强等优点，已经成为综合性能最优、应用前景最 面：羧基、磺酸基等强极性基团提供吸附点和静电

收稿日期：2018-08-15; 定用日期：2018-11-21; DOI: 10.13550/j.jxhg.20180602
基金项目：广东省科学院实施创新驱动发展能力建设专项（2017GDASCX-0705，2017GDASCX-0850）
作者简介：苏 瑜（1987—），女，助理工程师，硕士，E-mail: suyu0426@163.com。联系人：张 磊（1985—），男，博士，高级工
程师，E-mail：2004140233@163.com。