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第 36 卷第 3 期 精 细 化 工 Vol.36, No.3
201 9 年 3 月 FINE CHEMICALS Mar. 2019

功能材料
金属离子及羧基单体对 PAM 水凝胶性能的影响

1
雒春辉 1,2 ，王 峰
（1. 北方民族大学 化学与化学工程学院，宁夏 银川 750021；2. 北方民族大学 国家民委化工技术基础
重点实验室，宁夏 银川 750021）

摘要：将丙烯酰胺（AM）与羧基单体共聚，并浸泡在阳离子溶液中制备了一系列双网络水凝胶。采用 SEM、
FTIR 以及 TGA 表征了水凝胶的微观结构以及离子键强度，借鉴橡胶弹性理论计算了水凝胶的有效交联密度和
有效交联点间的相对分子质量，利用电子拉力机考察了金属离子和羧基单体对水凝胶拉伸强度的影响。结果表
2+
2+
2+
明，单网络水凝胶网络结构不均匀，强度仅为 3.3 kPa；Ca 、Fe 、Cu 与羧基双齿配位，水凝胶强度提高至
3+
43、54、22 kPa；Fe 与羧基三齿螯合，网络结构最致密，拉伸强度高达 6123 kPa。此外，AM 与衣康酸和丙烯
3+
酸共聚所得水凝胶强度均大于 4.0 MPa，而与马来酸共聚仅为 1.0 MPa。Fe 的引入不仅提高了水凝胶的力学性
能，还赋予了水凝胶自愈合性能，愈合后的水凝胶抗拉强度可达 130 kPa。
关键词：PAM 水凝胶；羧酸单体；双网络；高价离子；拉伸强度；功能材料
中图分类号：TQ326.4 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1003-5214 (2019) 03-0422-07

Effects of Metal Cations and Carboxylic Monomers on
Tensile Strength of PAM Hydrogels

1
1,2
LUO Chun-hui , WANG Feng
（1. School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, North Minzu University, Yinchuan 750021, Ningxia, China; 2. Key
Laboratory of Chemical Engineering and Technology, State Ethnic Affairs Commission, North Minzu University,
Yinchuan 750021, Ningxia, China）

Abstract: A series of double network hydrogels were prepared by copolymerization of acrylamide (AM)
with carboxylic monomers via a combination of chemical cross-linking and soaking in aqueous solution of
metal cations. The structures of the hydrogels were characterized by SEM, the coordination forms of
carboxyl group with metal ions were analyzed by FTIR and TGA. The effective network chain density and
relative molecular mass of the chain length between cross-linking points were calculated using rubber
elastic theory. The effects of carboxylic monomers and multivalent cations on the mechanical properties of
the obtained hydrogels were investigated using electronic tensile machine. It was found that the single
chemical cross-linked hydrogel had uneven interconnection structures with a tensile strength of 3.3 kPa.
2+
–
2+
2+
After soaking in divalent cations such as Ca , Fe and Cu , the —COO groups formed bidentate
2+
2+
2+
coordination, resulting in an increase of tensile strength to 43, 54 and 22 kPa for Ca , Fe and Cu
–
hydrogels, respectively. In contrast, —COO groups formed the chelation-bridging tridentate coordination
3+
3+
with Fe . The hydrogel obtained after soaking in Fe had the densest structure with a tensile strength of
6123 kPa. In addition, both of the tensile strengths of the hydrogels by copolymerizing AM with acrylic
acid (AAc) or AM with itaconic acid (IA) were greater than 4.0 MPa, higher than that of hydrogel by
3+
copolymerizing AM with maleic acid (MA) (1.0 MPa). The introduction of Fe not only improved the
mechanical properties of the hydrogel, but also endowed it with self-healing properties. The tensile strength
of healed gel could reach 130 kPa.

收稿日期：2018-07-24; 定用日期：2018-12-10; DOI: 10.13550/j.jxhg.20180544
基金项目：国家自然科学基金（21464001）;宁夏自然科学基金（NZ17099）;宁夏高等学校优秀青年教师培育基金项目（NGY2018-165）;“宁
夏低品位资源高值化利用及环境化工一体化技术创新团队项目”
作者简介：雒春辉（1982—），男，副教授，E-mail：luochunhui@iccas.ac.cn。