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第 4 期 费 良，等: 直链型偶氮苯聚氧乙烯醚稳泡剂的制备及表面活性 ·643·

通过泡沫稳定性测试可以看出，PEP-600 加入 by alkylguanidine-type switchable surfactant[J]. Journal of Textile
少量 SDS 后具有良好的泡沫稳定性能。在 SDS 溶液 Research (纺织学报), 2015, 36(2): 71-76.
[5] Song X W, Zhang L, Wang X C, et al. Study on Foaming properties
中，泡沫半衰期仅为 65 s，随着 PEP-600 质量浓度 of polyoxyethylene alkyl ether carboxylic salts with different
的增加，泡沫半衰期逐渐增加。这可能是因为随着 structures[J]. Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology, 2011,
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PEP-600 质量浓度的提高，PEP-600 与 SDS 相互穿 [6] Shrestha L K, Saito E, Shrestha R G, et al. Foam stabilized by
插排列在液膜表面，静电排斥作用力减弱，液膜强 dispersed surfactant solid and lamellar liquid crystal in aqueous
度增加，两种表面活性剂之间存在协同作用，因而 systems of diglycerol fatty acid esters[J]. Colloids and Surfaces
A-physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, 2007, 293(1/2/3):
泡沫稳定性提高。当 PEP-600 质量浓度继续提高至 262-271.
10.0 g/L 时，泡沫半衰期趋于稳定，泡沫半衰期为 [7] Jia Qifeng (贾奇峰), Ni Xiaoming (倪小明), Li Zhiheng (李志
恒).Physical and chemical characteristics of anionic surfactants[J].
220 s 左右，此时两种类型的表面活性剂在液膜表面
Oilfield Chemistry (油田化学), 2017, 34(2): 306-311.
的排列也达到饱和，继续增加 PEP-600 质量浓度对 [8] Marco Schnurbus, Lucas Stricker, Bart Jan Ravoo, et al. Smart
其在气-液界面的吸附没有影响。当质量浓度为 15 air−water interfaces with arylazopyrazole surfactants and their role in
photoresponsive aqueous foam[J]. Langmuir, 2018, 34(21): 6028-6035.
g/L 时，半衰期有轻微上升，这是由于随着 PEP-600 [9] Guo Rui (郭睿), Yang Jiangyue (杨江月), Cheng Min (程敏), et al.
质量浓度的增加，水溶液的黏度上升，降低了液膜 Synthesis and properties of polyether modified phenyl silicone oil
排液的速度 [21] 。C 14 EO 9 与 SDS 复配溶液在质量浓度 nonionic surfactant[J]. Petrochemical Technology (石油化工), 2016,
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为 15 g/L 时半衰期最高达到 202 s，略低于 PEP-600。 [10] Chen Shaoyu, Zhang Yanyan, Chen Kunlin, et al. Insight into a
这是由于偶氮苯结构（反式结构）之间存在 π-π 堆 fast-phototuningazobenzene switch for sustainably tailoring the foam
积作用力，使得其在液膜表面的排列更加有序 [10] ， stability[J]. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, 2017, 9(15): 13778-
13784.
从而进一步增加了液膜的稳定性。 [11] Fei Liang (费良), Xiao Xintong (萧欣彤), Chen Shaoyu (陈少瑜), et
al. Synthesis and properties of azo-polyethylene ether nonionic
3 结论 surfactant[J]. Textile Auxiliaries (印染助剂), 2018, 35(1): 22-26.
[12] Huang Hailong (黄海龙), Li Hongyu (李红玉), Zhang Lei (张雷), et
al. Surface and interfacial properties of polyoxyethylene ether-type
红外光谱和核磁共振氢谱表明，合成了直链型
surfactants[J]. Chemical Journal of Chinese Universities (高等学校
偶氮苯聚氧乙烯醚非离子表面活性剂（PEP-600）。 化学学报), 2014, 35(6): 1330-1335.
PEP-600 具有一定的表面活性，其临界胶束浓度为 [13] Zhang Shuang(张帅), Wu Yumin (武玉民). Properties of itaconic
acid based monoester carboxylate bolaform surfactant[J]. Fine
–3
4.9910 mol/L，在 CMC 处表面张力为 48.09 mN/m， Chemicals (精细化工), 2017, 34(10): 1126-1131.
2
–3
饱和吸附量为 2.4810 mmol/m ，HLB 值为 14.20， [14] Chen Shaoyu, Wang Chaoxia, Yin Yunjie, et al. Synthesis of
photo-responsive azobenzenemolecules with different hydrophobic
其能显著降低溶液表面张力。将 PEP-600 与 0.1 g/L
chain lengthfor controlling foam stability[J]. RSC Advances, 2016,
的十二烷基硫酸钠复配，其最大发泡比为 12，泡沫 6(65): 60138-60144.
半衰期为 220 s 左右，具有较好的泡沫稳定性能， [15] Hellstrom A K, Oskarsson H, Bordes R. Formation, physicochemical
and interfacial study of carbamate surfactants[J]. Journal of Colloid
在 PEP-600 质量浓度为 10 g/L 时，半衰期达到最优，
and Interface Science, 2018, 511: 84-91.
可作为泡沫稳定剂，达到泡沫稳定目的。其直链结 [16] Zeng Xiangchu (曾湘楚), Li Xiaorui (李小瑞). Study on the
构可解决与其他表面活性剂复配过程中应用受限问 synthesis and properties of gemini quaternary ammonium surfactant
[J]. Applied Chemical Industry (应用化工), 2017, 46(2): 221-224,
题，有望将其应用于泡沫染整工艺中，同时偶氮苯基 229.
团的引入可构建稳定易调控的泡沫体系，后续可探 [17] Villa C, Baldassari S, Martino D F C, et al. Green synthesis,
究其光响应性能对表面活性以及泡沫稳定性影响。 molecular characterization and associative behavior of some gemini
surfactants without a spacer group[J]. Materials, 2013, 6(4): 1506-
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