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·1452· 精细化工 FINE CHEMICALS 第 36 卷

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缩振动峰分别位移到 3163 cm 与 1323 cm 处，这 [6] Xing Yongguo (邢拥国), Zhang Zhibin (张志宾), Hua Rong (花榕),
et al. Study on the adsorption properties of polyaniline/TiO 2
可能是 OCN 中的含氮官能团与 U(Ⅵ)之间的相互作 composites for U(Ⅵ)[J]. Atomic Energy Science and Technology (原
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用 [34] 。1056 cm 处 C—O 键伸缩振动的特征吸收峰 子能科学技术), 2018, 52 (7): 1223-1230.
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向高波数 1089 cm 移动，表明 C—O 键参与了 U(Ⅵ) [7] Wang P, Yin L, Wang J, et al. Superior immobilization of U(Ⅵ) and
243 Am(Ⅲ) on polyethyleneimine modified lamellar carbon nitride
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的吸附，1650 cm 处 C==O 伸缩振动峰向 1618 cm –1 composite from water environment[J]. Chemical Engineering
Journal, 2017, 326: 863-874.
处移动，可能是羧基与 U(Ⅵ)之间的相互作用所致。
[8] Huang Q, Chen Y, Yu H, et al. Magnetic graphene oxide/MgAl-
从吸附前后 FTIR 光谱的变化来看，—NH 2 、C—N、 layered double hydroxide nanocomposite: One-pot solvothermal
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synthesis, adsorption performance and mechanisms for Pb , Cd ,
缔合—OH、C==O、C—O 等为 OCN 吸附 U(Ⅵ)过
2+
and Cu [J]. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2018, 341: 1-9.
程中主要的吸附位点。 [9] Ong W J, Tan L L, Ng Y H, et al. Graphitic carbon nitride (g-C 3N 4)-
based photocatalysts for artificial photosynthesis and environmental
4 结论 remediation: are we a step closer to achieving sustainability?[J].
Chemical Reviews, 2016, 116(12): 7159-7329.
[10] Zhao Z, Sun Y, Dong F. Graphitic carbon nitride based nanocomposites:
（1）采用热处理法制备了 g-C 3 N 4 ，并通过强酸 a review[J]. Nanoscale, 2015, 7(1): 15-37.
刻蚀与氧化处理成功制备了 OCN 材料，材料具有良 [11] Wen J, Xie J, Chen X, et al. A review on g-C 3N 4-based
photocatalysts[J]. Applied Surface Science, 2017, 391: 72-123.
好的再生循环性能，OCN 吸附 U(Ⅵ)的最优条件为 [12] Shen C, Chen C, Wen T, et al. Superior adsorption capacity of
pH 为 5、投加量为 200 mg/L、U(Ⅵ)初始质量浓度 g-C 3N 4 for heavy metal ions from aqueous solutions[J]. Journal of
Colloid & Interface Science, 2015, 456: 7-14.
为 10 mg/L、吸附时间为 10 min。表明 OCN 作为一 [13] He Q, Zhou F, Zhan S, et al. Photoassisted oxygen reduction reaction
种高性能吸附剂在含 U(Ⅵ)废水处理方面拥有广阔 on mpg-C 3N 4: The effects of elements doping on the performance of
ORR[J]. Applied Surface Science, 2018, 430: 325-334.
的应用前景。 [14] Kumar R, Barakat M A, Alseroury F A. Oxidized g-C 3N 4/polyaniline
（2）吸附量随着温度从 20 ℃升高到 40 ℃而 nanofiber composite for the selective removal of hexavalent
chromium[J]. Scientific Reports, 2017, 7(1): 1-11.
0
0
0
增加，∆H >0，∆S >0 和∆G <0 揭示了吸附过程是一 [15] Safdari F, Shamkhali A N, Tafazzoli M, et al. Adsorption of pollutant
个自发吸热的过程。温度为 303 K 时，OCN 对 U(Ⅵ) cations from their aqueous solutions on graphitic carbon nitride
explored by density functional theory[J]. Journal of Molecular
的最大吸附量为 277.78 mg/g，吸附过程符合 Langmuir Liquids, 2018, 260: 423-435.
模型，吸附方式属于单层吸附。OCN 材料对 U(Ⅵ) [16] Zou Y, Wang X, Ai Y, et al. β-cyclodextrin modified graphitic carbon
nitride for the removal of pollutants from aqueous solution:
的吸附符合准二级动力学模型，吸附主要受化学作
experimental and theoretical calculation study[J]. Journal of
用控制。 Materials Chemistry A, 2016, 4(37): 14170-14179.
（3）SEM、XRD 与 FTIR 分析表明，g-C 3 N 4 在 [17] Anbia M, Haqshenas M. Adsorption studies of Pb(Ⅱ) and Cu(Ⅱ)
ions on mesoporous carbon nitride functionalized with melamine-
改性前后表面形貌与层间结构发生变化，表面官能 based dendrimer amine[J]. International Journal of Environmental
团也发生了变化，证明 OCN 材料的合成成功。 Science & Technology, 2015, 12(8): 2649-2664.
2+
[18] Zou Y, Wang P, Yao W, et al. Synergistic immobilization of UO 2 ,
SEM-EDS 分析表明，处理前后 OCN 上形貌变化明 by novel graphitic carbon nitride @ layered double hydroxide
显，处理后有 U 峰的出现，证明 U(Ⅵ)能够很好地 nanocomposites from wastewater[J]. Chemical Engineering Journal,
2017, 330: 573-584.
吸附在 OCN 材料上。FTIR 谱图分析表明，配位络 [19] Li H J, Sun B W, Sui L, et al. Preparation of water-dispersible porous
合为主要的吸附机理之一，OCN 表面丰富的含氮与 g-C 3N 4 with improved photocatalytic activity by chemical oxidation
[J]. Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics Pccp, 2015, 17(5): 3309-
含氧基团与 U(Ⅵ)发生络合作用。 3315.
[20] Zou Y Y, Wang X X, Wu F, et al. Controllable synthesis of Ca-Mg-Al
参考文献： layered double hydroxides and calcined layered double oxides for the
efficient removal of U(Ⅵ) from wastewater solutions[J]. ACS
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exchange and sorption methods: A critical review[J]. Johnson [24] Yao W, Wu Y, Pang H, et al. In-situ reduction synthesis of manganese
Matthey Technology Review, 2016, 60(1): 59-77. dioxide@polypyrrole core/shell nanomaterial for highly efficient
[5] Li X, Ding C, Liao J, et al. Microbial reduction of uranium (Ⅵ) by enrichment of U(Ⅵ) and Eu(Ⅲ)[J]. Science China Chemistry, 2018,
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Journal of Environmental Science(环境科学学报), 2017, 53(3):
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