Page 59 - 《精细化工》2020年第1期
P. 59
第 37 卷第 1 期 精 细 化 工 Vol.37, No.1
202 0 年 1 月 FINE CHEMICALS Jan. 2020
功能材料
改性纳米纤维素/聚乳酸复合材料的制备及性能
1*
1
史军华 1,2 ,姚 进 1,2 ,李知函 2,3 ,朱和平 ,刘文良
(1. 湖南工业大学 包装设计艺术学院,湖南 株洲 412007;2. 湖南工业大学 包装与材料工程学院,湖
南 株洲 412007;3. 广西清洁化制浆造纸与污染控制重点实验室,广西 南宁 530004)
摘要:通过化学酸水解法从农林废弃物油茶果壳中提取出纳米纤维素(CNC),并利用丁酸酐对 CNC 进行
表面修饰,获得了丁酸酯化纳米纤维素(BCNC),再通过溶液浇铸法制备了 BCNC/聚乳酸(PLA)复合
材料。研究了 CNC 改性前后的形貌、性能变化以及 BCNC 对 PLA 膜力学性能、阻隔性能和透光率的影响。
结果表明,经改性后,纳米纤维素的团聚现象得到改善并能稳定分散在非极性有机溶剂中。与纯 PLA 膜
相比,当 BCNC 质量分数为 5%时,PLA 膜的拉伸强度提升了 30.1%,水蒸气透过率和氧气透过率分别下
降了 60.0%和 35.0%,且膜的透光率保持在 60%以上。
关键词:纳米纤维素;丁酸酐;聚乳酸;力学性能;阻隔性能;透光率;功能材料
中图分类号:TS71+1;TB332 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1003-5214 (2020) 01-0045-07
Preparation and performance of modified cellulose
nanocrystal/poly(lactic acid) composite materials
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2,3
1,2
Shi Junhua , Yao Jin , Li Zhihan , Zhu Heping , Liu Wenliang
(1. School of Packing Design & Art, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou 412007, Hunan, China; 2. School of
Packaging and Materials Engineering, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou 412007, Hunan, China; 3. Guangxi
Key Laboratory of Clean Pulp & Papermaking and Pollution Control, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, China)
Abstract: Cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) were extracted from the shell of Camellia oleifera Abel by
chemical disintegration method. Then, modified cellulose nanocrystals (BCNC) were prepared by surface
modified with butyric anhydride. Subsequently, BCNC/poly(lactic acid) (PLA) films were prepared by
solvent casting method. Morphologies and properties of CNC before and after modification were
compared, and the effect of BCNC on the tensile properties, barrier properties and transparency of
BCNC/PLA films were studied. The results showed that the agglomeration of nanocellulose could be
improved and dispersed in non-polar organic solvents. When the BCNC mass fraction was 5%, the
tensile strength of the prepared composite film was improved by 30.1%, the water vapor gas
permeability and oxygen permeability of the film were decreased by 60.0% and 35.0% compared to
PLA films, respectively. The composite films still maintained high transmittance over 60%.
Key words: cellulose nanocrystals; butyric anhydride; PLA; mechanical properties; barrier properties;
transparency; functional materials
随着石化资源的枯竭和人们对环境问题的日渐 来源广、力学强度较高、生物相容性和生物降解性
重视,开发和推广可持续发展的绿色材料来代替传 良好等优点而备受关注。PLA 可采用注塑、挤出、
[1]
统石油基材料的呼声越来越高 。其中,以玉米或 纺织、浇铸等多种方式成型,在包装、纺织和医
[2]
植物秸秆为原料制备的聚乳酸(PLA)因具有原料 疗等方面具有广泛的应用前景 。然而,PLA 质地
收稿日期:2019-02-13; 定用日期:2019-06-25; DOI: 10.13550/j.jxhg.20190114
基金项目:湖南省科技厅重点研发计划(2017WK2042);湖南省自然科学基金(2017JJ4006);湖南省研究生创新基金(CX2016B633);
广西清洁化制浆造纸与污染控制重点实验室开放项目(KF201712)
作者简介:史军华(1988—),男,博士生,E-mail:shijhhut@163.com。联系人:刘文良(1971—),男,教授,博士生导师, E-mail:
liuwenliang1971@126.com。