Page 217 - 《精细化工》2020年第11期

第 37 卷第 11 期 精 细 化 工 Vol.37, No.11
2020 年 11 月 FINE CHEMICALS Nov. 2020

建筑用化学品
明胶基发泡剂的合成与性能

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杜 杰，黎 冰 ，马文昊
（东南大学 土木工程学院，江苏 南京 211189）

摘要：以碱性蛋白酶催化水解明胶制备了发泡剂母液，并与十二烷基苯磺酸钠（LAS-30）和脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚
硫酸钠（AES）复配，制得多种明胶基发泡剂。基于气泡指标对这些发泡剂进行初选，并利用初选后的发泡剂
制备气泡混合轻质土试样，测定了试样的密度和强度。结合气泡性能指标和试样密度确定性能最优的发泡剂配
方是自制发泡剂 F-6（以质量分数计，明胶为 10.0%、LAS-30 为 11.4%、AES 为 12.6%，水为 66.0%）和 F-7（以
质量分数计，明胶为 10.0%、LAS-30 为 7.8%、AES 为 15.4%，水为 66.8%）。这两种发泡剂的 1 h 消泡占比分别
为 52.52%和 53.18%，发泡倍数分别为 82.61 和 81.66，综合性能优于一般市售发泡剂，且制出的试样密度较小，
强度可达 3.8 MPa 以上，可以满足工程要求。
关键词：碱性蛋白酶；明胶；发泡剂；稳泡性能；起泡性能；气泡混合轻质土；建筑用化学品
中图分类号：TU53 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1003-5214 (2020) 11-2363-06

Synthesis and property of gelatin-based foaming agents

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DU Jie, LI Bing , MA Wenhao
（School of Civil Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, Jiangsu, China）

Abstract: The mother liquor of foaming agent was prepared by hydrolyzing gelatin with alkaline protease,
and was compounded with sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (LAS-30) and fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene
ether sodium sulfate (AES) to synthesize a variety of gelatin-based foaming agents. These foaming agents
were preselected based on the foam indexes, and then air-foam treated lightweight soil samples were
prepared using these foaming agents. The densities and strengths of the samples were measured. According
to foam indexes and sample densities, two best foaming agents F-6 and F-7 were obtained. Foaming agent F-6
was composed of gelatin 10.0% (mass fraction, the same below), LAS-30 11.4%, AES 12.6% and water
66.0%. While foaming agent F-7 consisted of gelatin 10.0%, LAS-30 7.8%, AES 15.4% and water 66.8%. The
defoaming ratios in an hour of these two foaming agents are respectively 52.52% and 53.18%, and the foaming
multiples are respectively 82.61 and 81.66. The comprehensive performance of these two foaming agents
was better than that of general commercially available foaming agents, and the densities of the samples
were relatively small. The compressive strengths of these samples can reach more than 3.8 MPa, fully meeting
the engineering requirements.
Key words: alkaline proteinase; gelatin; foaming agent; foaming stability; foaming ability; air-foam treated
lightweight soil; building chemicals

发泡剂可以显著降低气液表面张力，加水稀释 发泡剂 [1-2] 。复合型发泡剂中又以蛋白基发泡剂应用
后经振荡、搅拌或与压缩空气混合即可产生大量气 最多，相关研究显示 [3-4] ，蛋白基发泡剂可以显著改
泡，常用于制备气泡混合轻质土和泡沫混凝土等多 善水泥料浆的流动性和试样的物理力学性能。虽然
孔轻质材料。建筑工程中常用的发泡剂大体上可分 当前蛋白基发泡剂的发展水平已能满足建筑工程的
为单一类型发泡剂和复合型发泡剂，研究表明，复 需求，但对于性能更优的新型蛋白基发泡剂的追求
合型发泡剂的起泡性和稳泡性都显著优于单一类型 从未停止，所以研制性能优良的蛋白基发泡剂始终

收稿日期：2020-04-17; 定用日期：2020-06-09; DOI: 10.13550/j.jxhg.20200328
基金项目：国家自然科学基金（51578145）
作者简介： 杜 杰（1994—），男，博士生，Email：1252849901@qq.com。联系人：黎 冰（1981—），男，副教授，Email：lbershui@seu.edu.cn。