Page 26 - 《精细化工》2020年第11期

第 37 卷第 11 期 精 细 化 工 Vol.37, No.11
2020 年 11 月 FINE CHEMICALS Nov. 2020

综论
锂离子电池硅负极粘结材料的研究进展

*
杨纪元，史明慧，张群朝 ，蒋 涛，施德安，尤 俊
（湖北大学 材料科学与工程学院，湖北 武汉 430061）

摘要：硅基负极材料因具有较高的理论比容量 4200 mA·h/g，已成为国内外新能源锂离子电池负极材料领域研究
热点。然而，由于硅基材料体积膨胀率高达 400%，经多次充放电循环后，硅颗粒会发生破裂和粉化使其在电极
基体上易脱落，从而导致电池容量衰减快、寿命短的技术缺陷。为缓解硅颗粒巨大体积变化产生的应力以及维
持电极完整性，国内外科研工作者对活性材料、导电剂、粘结剂、电解液等进行了系统研究，其中聚合物粘结
剂改性是一种实现其高寿命、抗衰减的有效手段之一。基于锂离子硅基负极材料的优异特性及粘结材料的研
究现状，综述了硅基负极组成、结构、性能、作用原理、分子间作用机制以及负极粘结剂的分子结构设计，探
讨其对硅基锂离子电池电化学性能的影响规律，为锂离子电池硅基负极粘结材料的应用与开发提供理论和实践
指导。
关键词：锂离子电池；硅负极；粘结剂；分子间作用力；分子链结构
中图分类号：TQ43 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1003-5214 (2020) 11-2172-10

Recent advances in the research of silicon anode bonding
materials for lithium ion batteries

*
YANG Jiyuan, SHI Minghui, ZHANG Qunchao , JIANG Tao, SHI De′an, YOU Jun
（School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430061, Hubei, China）

Abstract: Silicon-based anode materials have become a hot topic in the field of new energy lithium-ion
battery anode materials because of its high theoretical specific capacity of 4200 mA·h/g. However, the
volume expansion rate of silicon-based materials is up to 400%, after multiple charge and discharge cycle,
the silicon particles will rupture and powder it on the electrode substrate easily shed, resulting in the rapid
decay of battery capacity, short life of the technical defects. In order to alleviate the stress caused by the
huge volume change of silicon particles and maintain electrode integrity, researchers at home and abroad
have carried out systematic research on active materials, conductive agents, binders, electrolytes, etc,
among which the modification of polymer binder is a long lifespan, anti-attenuation of one of the more
effective means. Based on the excellent properties of lithium-ion silicon-based anode materials and the
research status of lithium-ion battery anode bonding materials, the composition, structure, performances,
action principle, intermolecular action mechanism and molecular structure design of anode adhesive are
reviewed. Their effects on the electrochemical properties of silicon-based lithium-ion battery are discussed.
This review provides theoretical and practical guidance for the application and development of lithium-ion
battery silicon-based anode adhesive materials.
Key words: lithium-ion batteries; silicon anodes; binders; intermolecular forces; molecular chain structure

随着能源短缺、环境污染、气候变暖等问题的 此，研究者们不断开发出清洁能源以减少对环境的
日益严重，人类赖以生存的地球受到严重威胁，因 污染。对于电能资源的研发，一种是利用太阳能、

收稿日期：2020-05-11; 定用日期：2020-07-20; DOI: 10.13550/j.jxhg.20200391
基金项目：湖北省重大科技专项（2017AAA115）
作者简介：杨纪元（1997—），女，硕士生，E-mail：815739992@qq.com。联系人：张群朝（1976—），男，副教授，E-mail：zhangqc76@
sina.com。